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How to write a Great UPSC Essay for the IAS Mains?

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UPSC Essay is the first Paper you will write

The IAS Mains Exam usually starts with the Essay paper in the first session. So, Essay is effectively the first paper you handle in the Mains. Consequently, it may lead to some stress on the morning of the exam for beginners. Don’t worry, though. You will soon get used to the rigour of  attempting 3 hour papers.

Change in Pattern : 2 UPSC Essays in 3 Hours

An important change brought out by the UPSC from 2014 onward is to ask candidates to write two UPSC essays in 3 hours rather than write a single essay as was the case before. This calls for time management. Equal time should be spent on both the topics. It should not be the case that you spend two and a half hours for writing the first essay and scribble something down for the second one.

This change in pattern from asking a single question to two questions is a good one. Previously the range of marks in the essay varied hugely. Say, from 40 marks to 160 marks out of the total of 250. This year the essay scores seem to have stabilised and the huge variation has reduced. This reduces the luck factor too. If an examiner holds a contrarian view to your first essay and is inclined to award you lesser marks, the second essay on a different topic may appear better to her and so the overall marks do not slide down too much.

A key thing to keep in mind while writing an essay in the Mains exam is that UPSC is not testing your skill as an essayist. They are trying to test whether you will make a good administrator by reading your essay. This can be shown by generally adopting an optimistic view on major issues and by taking an ethical stand. So it does not matter if you do not have a rich vocabulary and a great command over English. You can still get a lot of marks in the Essay paper if you follow some of the tips below.

Points to Remember while writing the UPSC Essay paper:

1. A Great Introduction 2. A Great Conclusion 3. Usage of day-to-day examples 4. Usage of personal anecdotes 5. Quoting famous personalities 6. Small paragraphs 7. A neat handwriting 8. Usage of Sub-Sections 9. Usage of Current Affairs

If you manage to grab the reader’s attention in the introduction. half the job is done. When an examiner is correcting thousands of copies if your introduction stands out (in a good way that is), her job becomes easier as she will now look favorably through the rest of the answer paper.

How to grab the reader’s attention in the introduction?

You can present:

– An interesting fact – A piece of knowledge that is surprising – A very intriguing quote – A short personal anecdote – Provoke the reader through a question – State a paradoxical situation

Most of the times, the examiner reads the introduction and the conclusion fully, but simply skims through the body of the essay. It is not a disadvantage. You just have to use this in your favour.

And how to have a great conclusion?

If you just restate the ideas which you have already mentioned in the body of our essay, the conclusion may feel flat. A memorable and lasting impression should be left on the reader. Hopefully, we should write something that stays on in the reader’s mind long after she has finished correcting your essay. A graceful exit is required. For this you can:

– Try to create a powerful image in the mind of the reader – End with a thought-provoking quotation – Talk about what action can be done – End on an interesting twist of logic

You can quote nationalist leaders of India like Tagore, Gandhi, Nehru, Ambedakar and the like depending on your personal preferences. But the quote should be in keeping with the theme of the essay. And not something you have twisted somehow into the context of the essay. Also, the exact words of the original quote must be written. And not some reproduction in your own words. It leads to you losing credibility in the eyes of the examiner. Especially if the examiner has encountered the quote before, which she most probably has.

As regards the body of the IAS essay, keep these points in mind

– Analyse the topic from various perspectives; historical, geographical, economical, geopolitical, ethical viewpoint etc. It should be a multi-pronged essay. You are aiming to become a generalist administrator and your essay too should show you as one: Not delving too deeply into any esoteric topic but handling a variety of different topics.

– Do not use any advanced term which you learnt while preparing for your optional or your college graduation subject. Like if you have psychology as your optional, do not use any terms in the essay which only a psychologist would know. Or, if you have done economics in your graduation, you should not make the entire essay too economics-oriented and start using complex terms (even if they are with explanation) which only an economist would have encountered before.

Write in a very simple manner . The essay should show your analytical side, yes. But not so analytical that the examiner will have to read an “Introduction to Psychology” handbook before she has to correct your essay. She will just give the minimum marks possible if she is not able to understand what you have written.

– Use short sentences. They are easier to read and comprehend. Long winding sentences would get you nowhere.

– Have a solid thesis statement before you start writing the body of the essay. And mention it in your introduction. The essay must have consistency in thoughts and continuity in presentation. All the arguments which you put forth in the body of your essay should have a single aim. To convince your reader of the central thesis of the essay.

For example, in the UPSC 2014 Essay paper there was a question on whether tourism had great potential in India. So your central thesis could be that you believe that tourism is definitely a high-potential sector in India and with adequate investment in infrastructure it will fulfill its potential. After that every single paragraph in your essay should be about convincing the reader of the validity of your thesis statement. But from various perspectives. Say medical tourism, spiritual tourism, cultural tourism etc.

– Do not adopt an unnecessarily negative tone about any topic. If you are pessimistic about any issue, suggest ways by which you can overcome that problem. Also, it is not advisable to criticize the Government. If you have to absolutely it should be constructive criticism. But generally, refrain from doing so.

– Use short paragraphs . No one likes to read long winding clumps of words. You can occasionally use single-line paragraphs for writing a sentence of impact.

– Give real-life case studies and day to day examples to drive home the point.

Topic selection

As for topic selection for your essay, there will be some tough topics and some relatively easy ones. I do not want to pronounce some categorical statement that certain topics (like philosophical topics) do not give very high marks, so do not write them. Choosing the topic depends on your interest and a basic idea of what your strengths are. Devote the first 10 minutes of the exam to think and choose the topic which you want to write an essay on. It will be worth it. It is a very bad idea to change the topic of your essay during the middle of the exam.

The best way to prepare for the Essay paper is by writing mock essays. Say around ten. Pick the last five year UPSC essay papers. Choose two essays from each paper. And write the two essays in exam conditions by shutting yourself away in a room. Devote exactly three hours to the paper. Then get it evaluated from a trusted teacher or friends or by people who have already cleared the exam. Incorporate the suggestions given in your next exam. Practise and perseverance are the keys to cracking not just the Essay paper of the IAS exam but entering the IAS itself. 🙂

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How to write an Essay in IAS Exam

One of the biggest mistakes majority of IAS aspirants make during their mains exam preparation is not giving the required attention to their essay paper. You must know how to prepare for essay in UPSC Mains to score expected marks.

The essay paper is crucial. There are two compulsory essays to be written, both of which carry 125 marks each . If you are lagging behind in this section, it means you lose out on a big chunk of marks out of 250!

250 marks can literally make or break your chances at cracking your mains. Therefore, you must take your essay preparations seriously.

In this article, we will cover practical preparatory tips as well as an essay writing strategy that will help you score high in your paper.

The Right Way To Prepare For Your IAS Essay Paper

1. start with an example.

Surf the Internet for essays by toppers and experts. Read their write-ups and understand their approach on the topic. The more you read, the more knowledge you will gain as to what is expected by the UPSC.

2. Open the newspaper’s editorials

The Hindu has the best editorial page of any newspaper in the country. Make it a practice of spending much of your daily newspaper reading time on this section.

Mostly, essay questions are asked out of current affairs . Editorials are an apt gateway to the summation of the entire event, what went wrong, who’s who, and powerful insights into the topic on the whole.

3. Keep quotes handy

Every time you come across an impactful quote/phrase while reading your newspaper/magazine or even casually, make it a point to note it down. Phrases directly said by authorities on the issue at hand are more effective. Introduction with a good quote can make your essay quite interesting.

The opening and closing lines of the essay form the crux of it all. So, make sure you keep it interesting with quotes/phrases.

4. Practice essays on general topics

There are certain themes the UPSC sticks to. These include women, healthcare, development, internet, education, technology, etc.

During practice, you must try to include related data, quotes on the issue said by an authority figure, smart diagrams, case studies, initiatives of the government, etc.

5. Stick to reality and not theory

Agreed that essays are theoretical in nature, and some subjects are unfortunately way too theoretical for you to state realistic points. But a good essay is one, which highlights the topics in the sense of the present. You must avoid technical jargon as much as you could. Stick to current facts, data, and real-life examples.

It is good to give hypothetical examples, but nothing can beat the impact of a real situation that occurred.

For example,

In a topic like “Is gender Equality a myth or possible reality?”: –

Instead of repeatedly focusing on history of women in India, and theoretical paragraphs loaded with how bad a woman’s situation is, focus on data on disparity between male-female employment ratio, school enrollment rates, sex ratio, cases of female feticide, government policies for women’s development etc.

6. Include the crucial parameters

Irrespective of the topic, your essay is good only if it addresses the following parameters:

• Environmental
• International (if the topic demands)

Keep in mind to not get carried away by your passion for the topic. One-sided arguments and aggressive writing tone are detrimental to a good essay.

7. Mind the time

When you practice essay writing, keep an eye on the clock. Right from selecting the right topic, brainstorming the pointers in your head, framing the structure and penning it down, everything must be timed.

8. Seek out help from experts

You are definitely great at what you do, but nothing beats expert guidance! Take your written essays to be evaluated by an expert or someone you look up to as a mentor.

They will help identify and rectify your mistakes with effective feedback.

Let Us Quickly Understand The Best Strategy To Write A Great Essay:

1. It all starts with the right topic

Many candidates make the grave error of selecting an uncommon topic from the options, thinking that unconventionality will get them a higher score.

Do not make this mistake.

Irrespective of the topic, it’s the subject matter that gets the marks home. Select a topic you are confident about. Quickly brainstorm in your mind all the related quotes, data, facts, current issues, examples, government initiates, pros, cons, etc., you can draw on the topic.

If you feel you have enough information, pick that topic.

2. A strong structure is a must

It’s best to outline your essay around the PAST-PRESENT-FUTURE approach. Stick to the past least and more towards the present and future.

Your essay must necessarily have the following components:

• Introduction
• An interesting introduction can be a quote, a hypothetical relatable situation, or a real-life example. Avoid definitions as they’re too cliché. You introduction should clearly hint at what you will be covering in your essay.
• In well-linked, clearly worded, simple sentences analyze your topic.
• In case of debatable topics, discuss both sides.
• For others, keep it straightforward. And less story-like
• Present multiple arguments; examine both sides of an argument
• Give related examples
• Summarize your topic and present your concluding stand. Always end your essay on a visionary note.

I hope this answers all your questions on How to Prepare for Essay in UPSC.

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Essay for UPSC – How to write Essay in IAS Exam | Essay Writing

The Essay for UPSC is the most important section. Certainly, IAS Essay Writing for UPSC helps to score more in the exam. “Practice makes perfect” as a result practicing how to write essays in UPSC will help the aspirants to score. Subsequently, it is important to attempt an essay paper with the same gravity as all other papers. So, read this article thoroughly to learn How To Write an Essay For UPSC.

Practice is the key

How to conclude the essay.

Essay for UPSC

Certainly, the Essay Paper is a completely different paper in UPSC CSE Mains. As a result, one has to write two essays. Also, each with a count of 1000 – 1200words. However, one topic is to be picked from a choice of four topics. The Paper is 250 marks ( 125 marks each).

Consequently, there are two essay types. Firstly, formal type of essays. Secondly, informal type. However, for UPSC, formal essays are expected. As a result, formal essays are nearly impersonal. Certainly, these types of essays are less emotional. In this essay, one can present quotes and facts. They are not conversational. Also, never use the first-person reference. In short, a formal essay has some seriousness to it.

Importance of Essay Writing in UPSC

In the UPSC CSE essay paper, two essays have to be written. They have a time limit of under 3 hours. With 1000-1200 word limit. However, each essay carries 125 marks. That makes a total of 250. Consequently, the essay paper is divided into two sections. Firstly section A. Secondly, section B. Each section carries a choice of 4 essays each. The candidate has to pick one from each section. Also, there are clear instructions in the syllabus. They specify what to write in the paper. Candidates can get extra credit for the effective and unique expression. Underlining the keywords, and mentioning solid facts will be a plus point.

IAS Essay Writing Strategy

Certainly, the most common method of structuring an essay is breaking it up into paragraphs. In these body-paragraphs, the aspirant will have to fit in all his content.

Strategies to prepare for Essay Writing:

Study the trends.

One can refer to the previous year’s papers. So, from there you can get an idea of what type of essays are asked. Analyze the revolving topics. Also, make a list of generic topics and prepare for them in advance.

Aspirants should read a lot of books. This will help in gathering the content for their IAS Essay Writing. Also, this will help them for preparing for other papers as well. Books provide a lot of knowledge and also increase the vocabulary.

Mentioning quotes by famous personalities will highlight the essay. Aspirants should keep reading quotes and memorizing them. Also, practice writing them and connecting them with the content of the essay.

Current affairs

Consequently, a UPSC aspirant should be updated with current affairs. Also, addressing the current issues and relevant news in the essay will help one get some extra marks over the top.

Practice makes perfect. Just as the quote suggests one can write good essays by practicing them regularly. Moreover, write one essay each day for practice. It will help you get used to writing 1000 words within the time limit.

Tips on Essay Writing For UPSC

Decide structure.

Always write essays in paragraphs to make them look more presentable. Also, always pay attention to when to change the paragraph and where to add pointers. This way a candidate can score more in exams. Also, it is important to have a flow in the essay. Moreover, it is connected to writing order.

Writing orders are of two types:

Known-to-New : As the name suggests in this way of writing an essay the content goes from known to new. In short, these Facts and Figures are used to state new data.

Simple-to-Complex : In this method firstly simple ideas are introduced and develop on to Complex. This is how the depth of knowledge and understanding is tested.

Introduction

The most important part of the essay is the introduction. Certainly, initial impressions are very solid. A good introduction will definitely make an impression. Also, the introduction helps to build an idea throughout the essay. The introduction sets the base for the entire essay. A good essay will engage the examiner to read further.

Paragraphs are supportive, critical. Initially one can start a paragraph by stating the negative side. Then go on to express positive views and include facts and ideas to support the idea. Usually, analytical paragraphs look best at the end. But, there are no such rules. Also, for some topics, it can be used as the opening for the topic.

The conclusion is a place to score marks if written properly. Moreover, conclusions are a crucial part of the essay. The conclusions are supposed to be fulfilling and never end in questions.

Brainstorming

Brainstorming is a process used to generate some wonderful ideas. Consequently, in this one has to analyze the given topic. Also, then decide what all points to mention and in which order. Brainstorming helps to make the IAS Essay Writing more organized and well written. Further in the article, you will understand How to Write an Essay for UPSC?

Elements of Essay

Following are the elements of essay

• Dynamic Elements: Social, Political, and Economic Aspects of the given topic.
• Static Elements: Constitutional, legal, technological, technical, etc. 
• Persona Element: Some good personal experiences or anecdotes. However, they should stay within the accepted framework of ethical conduct.

The use of keywords is very essential. Keywords are to be taken from the essay topic itself. Content about the keyword is what to be expected from the candidate. Also, the use of synonyms of the keyword and highlighting them will help to make the essay attractive for the reader.

How to Write Essay in UPSC?

Sticking to the time limit.

In the IAS Exam, you have to write 2 essays. The combined time limit is 3 hours. Distribution of this time is to be done in such a systematic manner. Calculate the amount of time you require for brainstorming. Add the time to write each essay separately. Then add extra 10-15 mins for spare. In this excess time, you can either revise or add extra time to thinking or writing whichever is needed.

How to introduce the essay?

The introduction should be exciting for the reader. It should make the reader what to follow up. Also, a good introduction to the essay can be a brief explanation of the essay topic itself. Furthermore, to make the introduction interesting one can add anecdotes and quotes and highlight them to draw attention. However, always write an introduction with a clear view and not lead the reader to confusion.

The conclusion is equally important to the introduction. Just as the introduction, the conclusion should also be strong. Most importantly the conclusion of an essay or an answer depends on what’s asked in the question. To conclude the essay one can make use of different methods. For instance, start the conclusion by summarising the important points of the essay. Then drawing them into a plausible conclusion and finally adding some Wayford ideas. Or else you can conclude by bringing the idea in the introduction and providing a solution. The conclusion should always be precise and ending on a positive note.

Sample Essay for UPSC

• The government should reduce the Agriculture subsidies
• COVID-19 has widened the rural and urban divide
• A free woman is a characteristic of a developed society
• New Education Policy 2020: A Progressive Policy with Diverse Challenges
• Life is a long journey between human being and being humane
• The mind is everything. What you think you become
• Happiness is not an ideal of reason, but imagination
• Science and Mysticism: Are they compatible?
• Can Capitalism Bring Inclusive Growth?
• Multinational Corporations: Savior or Saboteur
• National Identity and Patriotism

Also check about other UPSC Strategy like Cracking UPSC in First Attempt , Interview Process of IAS Exam & How to prepare for overall exam and specifically Prelims Exam.

FAQ | Essay For UPSC

Essay Paper is one of the nine papers in the Mains Exam OF UPSC. In this paper, there are 2 essays to be written with a word limit of 1000-1200 words in 3 hours.

For a long time, UPSC aspirants have seen to be referring to; The Hindu, The Indian Express, Business Standard.

Mains papers of UPSC are subjective and hence long answers are to be written. Having good handwriting will help you to score more. Therefore, practice essay writing in good handwriting.

Refer to the above article and we are sure you will find it easy to start writing an essay for IAS Exam.

Editor’s Note | Essay for UPSC

Essay Paper is one of the nine papers for the mains exam. If you have read the article thoroughly you will be able to write essays on your own. IAS Essay Writing can be mastered only by practice. Consistency and Patience will help you become a good writer. Read books, editorials, news articles, and keep practicing Essay Writing. ALL THE BEST!!

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UPSC Essay Topics - Important Essay Topics for UPSC Mains 2023

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Essay Course for UPSC

UPSC CSE Mains 2023 Essay Question Paper

UPSC Mains Optional Test Series

Mentorship Program for UPSC 2024

Understanding UPSC Essay Topics holds significant importance as it evaluates the candidate's ability to analyse, present arguments, and communicate effectively. In this article, we will explore the diverse range of UPSC essay topics, their significance, and essential tips to excel in this section. Get ready to enhance your writing and analytical skills and make a strong impression on the evaluators with well-crafted essays.

UPSC Essay Paper

The Essay paper in the UPSC Mains examination requires candidates to write multiple essays , each on a different topic, chosen from a given list of options. The essay topics for UPSC cover a wide range of issues, including social, economic, political, cultural, and philosophical aspects, both national and international.

The essay paper holds significant weightage in the UPSC Mains examination, contributing 250 marks out of the total 1750 marks . Scoring well in this section can have a considerable impact on the overall ranking and selection for the coveted civil services.

Weekly UPSC Essay Topics By Vajiram & Ravi

The UPSC Essay Paper is an opportunity for candidates to demonstrate their proficiency in expressing ideas and analysing complex issues. Vajiram & Ravi Pensive-Weekly Essay Writing Programme provides you with two Essay Topics every Saturday based on the previous year's question papers and the changing trends analysis. You can submit your Essay for peer evaluation on vajiramandravi.com. This will help you nourish your writing skills, give you clarity of thought, and build the capacity to express opinions in a logical and coherent manner.

Important Essay Topics for UPSC 2023

The purpose of the essay paper is to assess the candidate's ability to critically analyse a topic, present well-structured arguments, and communicate their ideas effectively. It also evaluates their knowledge of various issues, their clarity of thought, and their capacity to express opinions in a logical and coherent manner.

Some of the Important Essay Topics to prepare for the UPSC Mains Examination 2023 are:

• Gender Equality
• Environment/Urbanization
• Economic Growth
• Federalism/Decentralization
• Agriculture
• Economics 

UPSC Essay Topics on Philosophy

Every year, UPSC typically provides you with two or more essay topics centred around philosophical thoughts, Indian philosophical schools, or quotes from notable personalities. To effectively address these philosophical topics, you should refer to Philosophy Books to gain a foundational understanding. Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics on Philosophy :

• Everything comes to him, who hustles while he waits.
• We are always blind as we want to be.
• You cannot step twice in the same river.
• A disciplined mind brings happiness.
• The price of Greatness is Responsibility.
• People would rather Believe than Know.
• Mind - A beautiful Servant? Or a dangerous Master?

UPSC Essay Topics on Art and Culture

The UPSC Essay Topics related to Indian society, art, and culture cover a wide range of subjects, offering great diversity. To gain knowledge about the static content on these topics, you should rely on fundamental books on society, as recommended for the exam. Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics on Indian Art and Culture :

• Culture changes with economic development.
• Culture is what we are, Civilization is what we have.
• Social reform is a myth if places of worship are open only to all castes and not to all genders.
• Impact of Globalization on Indian Art and Culture.
• Caste System - India’s Enduring Curse.
• Godmen - A Threat to Indian Art and Culture?

UPSC Essay Topics on Science and Technology

UPSC essay topics on Science and Technology can largely be addressed through current affairs. You may also benefit from consulting a Science and Technology Book for UPSC to compose a comprehensive and well-rounded essay. Here are some UPSC Essay Topics on Science and Technology:

• Deglobalisation is good for the world.
• Science is organised Knowledge. Wisdom is Organised life.
• Technology is a Weapon against Poverty.
• Prioritising Education Technology for Global Growth.
• Technology is the silent factor in International Relations.
• Scientific and Technological Progress cannot be equated with Human Progress.

UPSC Essay Topics on Education

Education stands as one of the preferred UPSC Essay Topics, with an essay related to this subject often appearing in the paper each year. To tackle this topic effectively, you should stay abreast of Current Affairs , incorporating significant changes and advancements in the field. Let's explore some of the Essay topics for UPSC centred around education:

• Self Education is a lifelong curiosity.
• Education Breeds Peace.
• Education is a progressive discovery of our own ignorance.
• Education must also train one for quick, resolute and effective thinking.
• Schooling is not Education.

UPSC Essay Topics on Polity and Governance

To comprehensively address Polity and Governance topics, you should acquire fundamental knowledge from Polity Books for UPSC and Current Affairs. These resources offer static information about relevant issues and their historical context, which proves valuable while writing UPSC Essay Topics on Polity. Here are some Essay Topics on Polity and Governance:

• The Role of Politics in Development.
• Should Youth in India Consider Politics as a Career?
• Art, Freedom and Creativity will change society faster than politics.
• The politics of Identity is the Politics of the Weak.
• People should not be afraid of their Government. The Government should be afraid of its people.
• Government Surveillance - Good or Bad?

UPSC Essay Topics on Economy

Essays concerning economic growth are frequently included in the Essay Paper. To tackle these topics effectively, you should refer to Economy Notes for UPSC to gain a comprehensive understanding. Once the fundamentals are grasped, you can enhance their essays by incorporating examples, data, and statistics to create a multidimensional perspective. Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics on Economy:

• We don't have to sacrifice a Strong Economy for a Healthy Environment.
• India, a $5 trillion Economy - Dream or Reality?
• Digital Economy: A leveller or a source of Economic Inequality?
• Innovation is the key determinant of social welfare and economic growth.
• Labour Reforms in India and its Role in Economic Growth.

UPSC Essay Topics on Social Issues

Social issues are a significant aspect of the UPSC essay paper, reflecting the candidates' understanding of societal challenges and their ability to propose viable solutions. These essays provide a platform for candidates to analyse, critique, and suggest measures for pressing social concerns. Topics related to social issues in the UPSC Essay paper may include:

• Inclusivity and Plurality are the hallmarks of a Peaceful Society.
• A Gender-sensitive Indian Society is a prerequisite for Women and Child Empowerment.
• The weaker sections of Indian Society - are their Rights and Access to Justice getting Better?

Previous Year UPSC Essay Topics

Practising previous year's essay topics will help you become familiar with the UPSC exam pattern , word limit, and the types of essay questions frequently asked in the Mains Examination. Analysing past essay topics will also allow you to identify recurring themes and trends, enabling you to prioritise their preparation accordingly. Regular practice with past essay topics will instil confidence in you, helping you feel more comfortable and prepared for the actual exam.

• Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence.
• Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world.
• History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man.
• A ship in the harbour is safe, but that is not what a ship is for.
• The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining.
• A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities.
• Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.

Tips to Excel in UPSC Essay Paper

• Understand the Topics: Thoroughly comprehend the essay topics, including the keywords and instructions. Choose a topic that aligns with your strengths and interests.
• Plan and Structure: Devote some time to plan your essay. Create an outline and organise your thoughts in a structured manner, with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion.
• Be Objective: Present balanced arguments and avoid a biased or one-sided approach. Consider multiple perspectives and present a holistic view.
• Provide Examples and Evidence: Support your arguments with relevant examples, data, quotes and evidence to strengthen your essay.
• Maintain Clarity: Write in a clear and concise manner. Use simple language and avoid jargon or overly complex vocabulary.
• Practice Regularly: Regular practice is essential to improve Essay writing skills. Write essays on diverse topics to enhance your versatility.
• Time Management: Allocate appropriate time for planning, writing, and revising each essay to manage time effectively during the examination.
• Revise and Edit: Review your essays for coherence, grammar, and structure. Make necessary edits to refine your work.

FAQs on UPSC Essay Topics

What are the important UPSC Essay Topics?

Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics asked in Mains Examination previously:

• Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have.
• Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.
• What is research but a blind date with knowledge?
• Best for an individual is not necessarily best for society.
• Wisdom finds truth.
• Ships don’t sink because of water around them, ships sink because of water that gets into them.
• Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality.
• Technology as the silent factor in international relations.

How do I Prepare for the UPSC Essay?

To prepare for the UPSC essay, focus on understanding the essay syllabus and past topics to identify recurring themes. Regularly practise writing essays on various topics to improve your writing skills and time management. Structure your essays with a clear introduction, main body, and conclusion.

Which is the best source to practise UPSC Essay Topics?

The best sources to prepare Essay for UPSC include official UPSC materials, newspapers, and magazines like The Hindu, Yojana , and Kurukshetra for current affairs, standard books on diverse subjects, government reports and publications, online platforms like PIB and PRS India, UPSC previous year papers for understanding the exam pattern, and regular practice of essay writing on various topics.

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UPSC : GUIDELINES ON ESSAY WRITING

Upsc : guidelines on essay writing .

An essay is a written exposition on a given subject which allows the writer to organize her/ his thoughts intellectually, and present them in a logical and coherent manner. Essay writing aids in critical reading and in developing written communication skill. It fosters a spirit of logical inquiry and an ability to identify significant aspects of any topic. It allows the writer  to construct arguments supported by evidence.Essay is a critical examination of the issue which presents its various dimensions. All pertinent questions are raised and answered. The author is required to take a stand after examining all facts and facets and present it in a convincing and well thought out manner. The objective of an essay is to convey the author’s thoughts on the topic s/he sets out to examine. A well written essay can shed new light on the subject and add significantly to the existing body of knowledge.

Theme and Topic: 

1. National Security: Threats to National Security in Coming Decade 2. National Integration and Communal Harmony : Science and Technology as a promoter of Communal harmony in the Society 3. Human Rights : Nationalism, Globalisation and Humanitarian Crisis-The paradox of our times 4. Science and Human Development : Nurturing Scientific Temper in India: Challenges and Prospects

Note: 100 marks will have a weightage of 10 marks in Director’s assessment. Style: Every individual has a style of expression and word usage. It becomes very clear to the reader when an essayist cobbles up random quotes from various sources since there is no consistency in style. Use of short and simple sentences is preferable. It is better to spread out complex/compound sentences. Flowery language and archaic use puts off readers and more often does not communicate the meaning at all. Word / phrase usage should be appropriate. Refer to get the correct meaning and the context of usage of words, whenever in doubt. Usually essays are written in third person singular. However, narrative in the first person can be adopted if you have a flair for it. Avoid use of words which convey vagueness or uncertainty. Avoid repetitive use of words. (Example –but, therefore, supposedly, as they say, not only but also, used to etc.) Lay out: Every essay has the following layout1. Introduction 2. Body /Discussion 3. Conclusion Plan the word limit for each of these sections. As you research the topic, it is useful to take notes with relevant references and later on arrange them in logical sequence.

Introduction generates interest in the topic. A statement, a quotation or an incident can be used to open an essay. The body contains review of available literature, raises pertinent issues or questions, presents them in the context, and sheds light on the views of the author and the thought process that leads her/him to those views. Every idea is presented in one or more separate paragraphs arranged in logical sequence. When there is a need to reiterate an idea already discussed, it can be mentioned in detail. While reinforcement of a line of thought may need reiteration, try and reduce redundancy. Pay attention to Grammar and spelling. The conclusion of an Essay is more than just a summary. It gives a comprehensive idea of what has been discussed and the settled thoughts of the author after due inquiry. 

Referencing: Same guidelines to be followed as given for the Book review. Foot notes:

Foot notes can be given wherever relevant. Care should be taken that they are short and never longer than the main text on the page.  Plagiarism: Plagiarism is strictly prohibited. The Essay has to be put through Turn it in Software before submission. More than 10% of commonality will attract penal action and the essay will be marked zero.The entire activity of Essay writing should result in knowledge and skill enhancement to the writer. A good essay gives a comprehensive idea of the topic and makes for an interesting reading. Suggested References:  Booth, Wayne C., Gregory G. Colomb, Joseph M Williams, (2008) The Craft of Research, University of Chicago Press: Chicago 

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Essay Writing

H ome   > Courses > Essay Writing

Essay Writing Course  By

Tirthankar roychowdhary sir.

Comprehensive preparation for Essay Writing at EDEN IAS, featuring insightful classes, enriching workshops with case studies, meticulously curated study materials, personalized mentorship, and a robust mechanism of sectional and mock tests to hone your skills to perfection.

Course Overview

EDEN IAS conducts the Essay Writing Course for UPSC CSE Mains under the guidance of one of the best teachers for UPSC exam preparation, Tirthankar Roychowdhary Sir .

This course is a complete solution for Essay writing for UPSC Mains Examination.

As we know, Essay paper is something which needs a lot of practice, which can’t be gained overnight. This course has a lot of practice activity involved in it, with proper individual attention to every aspirant.

The course holistically covers each and every type of essay asked by the UPSC in the Essay paper.Special emphasis is on philosophical essays.

Course Structure

The course is an amalgamation of Art of Essay Writing Class + Section wise practice sessions and discussions + Test Series + Personalized Mentorship . The duration of the course is approx   2 months .

Art of Essay Writing Class

In this class we learn-

• The Art of Essay Writing
• The Framework of an Essay
• Different Brainstorming Techniques
• Various Styles of Essay Writing
• Tools used in an Essay 
•  Integration of Philosophies and Themes in  an Essay
• Time Management During Essay Writing 
• Creativity and Innovation

Sectional Tests

These are a total of 5 Sectional Tests covering a diverse range of topics. The aspirants are expected to write both the essays which will be followed by a discussion session covering both the essays by Tirthankar Roychowdhary Sir. The areas to be covered include :

• Essay on Social Issues.
• Essay on Philosophical topics.
•  Essay on Environmental Issues.
• Essay on Science & Technology related Issues.
• Essay on Economic Issues.
• Essay on International & Geo-Political Issues.
• Essay on Ethical Issues.

Mock Tests 

The course includes 2 Full Length Mock Tests, exactly on the similar pattern as that of the Essay paper of UPSC Mains examination.

Feedback/Mentorship

The course also provides one to one mentorship session with the evaluators. Students enrolled  under this course can get personalised mentorship and Feedback from evaluators

Rs. 10,030-/( Including GST)

 5 sectional & 2 full - length tests, online & offline modes, 2.5 - 3 hrs, essay workbook, one to one mentorship.

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Embark on a journey of knowledge and discovery.  join eden ias  today, related courses.

Ethics GS-4

Ethics Integrity and Aptitude commonly known as General studies paper IV is one of the high-scoring subjects for the UPSC Mains examination.

Essay Writing UPSC Mains

Essay writing is crucial to attain high marks in the Civil Services Mains Written Examination. It requires a lot of preparation & practice.

UPSC Mains Answer Writing

EDEN IAS has come up with an Answer writing course for beginners – SUGAM, which means “Easy”. This course covers the complete syllabus of UPSC Mains – GS I, II, III, IV.

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• Topic Wise Essay Questions From UPSC Mains 1994 2018

Last 25 Years Topic-wise Essay Questions From UPSC Mains (1994 - 2018)

Paper I of the UPSC Civil Services mains exam is the Essay. Here, prelims-qualified IAS aspirants have to write two essays out of a few given topics. The paper is for a total of 250 marks and its marks are taken into consideration for the Final Merit List. In this article, we have listed all the essay topics asked in the UPSC mains exam from 1994 to 2018. We have also classified the last 25 years essay questions into topics to make your preparation easier.

Latest – See the UPSC Essay Topics in the IAS Mains 2020 Essay Paper. Download UPSC Mains 2020 Essay Paper from the linked article.

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UPSC Essay Topics

Administration.

• Politics, bureaucracy and business – fatal triangle. (1994)
• Politics without ethics is a disaster. (1995)
• The VIP cult is a bane of Indian democracy. (1996)
• Need for transparency in public administration. (1996)
• The country’s need for a better disaster management system. (2000)
• How should a civil servant conduct himself? (2003)

Democracy/India since independence

• Whither Indian democracy? (1995)
• What we have not learnt during fifty years of independence. (1997)
• Why should we be proud of being Indians? (2000)
• What have we gained from our democratic set-up? (2001)
• How far has democracy in India delivered the goods? (2003)
• National identity and patriotism. (2008)
• In the context of Gandhiji’s views on the matter, explore, on an evolutionary scale, the terms ‘Swadhinata’, ‘Swaraj’ and ‘Dharmarajya’. Critically comment on their contemporary relevance to Indian democracy. (2012)
• Is the colonial mentality hindering India’s success? (2013)
• Dreams which should not let India sleep. (2015)
• Management of Indian border disputes – a complex task. (2018)

Economic growth and development

• Resource management in the Indian context. (1999)
• GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the wellbeing of a country. (2013)
• Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country? (2014)
• Crisis faced in India – moral or economic. (2015)
• Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms. (2016)
• Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality. (2016)
• Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare. (2016)
• Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India. (2017)

Federalism, Decentralisation

• The language problem in India: its past, present and prospects. (1998)
• Water resources should be under the control of the central government. (2004)
• Evaluation of panchayati raj system in India from the point of view of eradication of power to people. (2007)
• Is autonomy the best answer to combat balkanization? (2007)
• Creation of smaller states and the consequent administrative, economic and developmental implication. (2011)
• Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality. (2016)
• Water disputes between States in federal India. (2016)

Indian Culture & Society

• The Indian society at the crossroads. (1994)
• New cults and godmen: a threat to traditional religion. (1996)
• The composite culture of India. (1998)
• Youth culture today. (1999)
• Modernism and our traditional socio-ethical values. (2000)
• Indian culture today: a myth or a reality? (2000)
• As civilization advances culture declines. (2003)
• From traditional Indian philanthropy to the gates-buffet model-a natural progression or a paradigm shift? (2010)
• Judicial activism. (1997)
• Judicial activism and Indian democracy. (2004)
• Justice must reach the poor. (2005)

Social justice/Poverty

• Reservation, politics and empowerment. (1999)
• Food security for sustainable national development. (2005)
• The focus of health care is increasingly getting skewed towards the ‘haves’ of our society. (2009)
• Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for the majority of farmers in India. (2017)
• Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere. (2018)

Media & Society

• Misinterpretation and misuse of freedom in India. (1998)
• Mass media and cultural invasion. (1999)
• Responsibility of media in a democracy. (2002)
• How has satellite television brought about cultural change in Indian mindsets? (2007)
• Role of media in good governance. (2008)
• Does Indian cinema shape our popular culture or merely reflect it? (2011)
• Is sting operation an invasion on privacy? (2014)

Environment/Urbanisation

• Urbanization is a blessing in disguise. (1997)
• Protection of ecology and environment is essential for sustained economic development. (2006)
• Urbanisation and its hazards. (2008)
• Should a moratorium be imposed on all fresh mining in tribal areas of the country? (2010)
• We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws. (2017)

Economic sectors/MNCs

• Multinational corporations – saviours or saboteurs. (1994)
• Globalization would finish small-scale industries in India. (2006)
• BPO boom in India. (2007)
• Special economic zone: boon or bane? (2008)
• Are our traditional handicrafts doomed to a slow death? (2009)
• Is the criticism that the Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) model for development is more of a bane than a boon in the Indian context, justified? (2012)
• Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India? (2014)
• Restructuring of Indian education system. (1995)
• Literacy is growing very fast, but there is no corresponding growth in education. (1996)
• Irrelevance of the classroom. (2001)
• Privatization of higher education in India. (2002)
• Modern technological education and human values. (2002)
• What is real education? (2005)
• “Education for all” campaign in India: myth or reality. (2006)
• Independent thinking should be encouraged right from the childhood. (2007)
• Is an egalitarian society possible by educating the masses? (2008)
• Credit – based higher education system – status, opportunities and challenges. (2011)
• Is the growing level of competition good for the youth? (2014)
• Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress? (2014)
• Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil. (2015)
• Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms. (2017)
• The new emerging women power: the ground realities. (1995)
• Greater political power alone will not improve women’s plight. (1997)
• Woman is god’s best creation. (1998)
• Women empowerment: challenges and prospects. (1999)
• Empowerment alone cannot help our women. (2001)
• Whither women’s emancipation? (2004)
• If women ruled the world. (2005)
• The hand that rocks the cradle. (2005)
• Women’s reservation bill would usher in empowerment for women in India. (2006)
• Managing work and home – is the Indian working woman getting a fair deal? (2012)
• If development is not engendered, it is endangered. (2016)
• Fulfillment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth. (2017)

Quotes-based/Philosophy

• Youth is a blunder, manhood a struggle, old age a regret. (1994)
• Useless life is an early death. (1994)
• Disinterested intellectual curiosity is the lifeblood of civilisation. (1995)
• When money speaks, the truth is silent. (1995)
• Our deeds determine us, as much as we determine our deeds. (1995)
• Truth is lived, not taught. (1996)
• True religion cannot be misused. (1997)
• Search for truth can only be a spiritual problem. (2002)
• The paths of glory lead but to the grave. (2002)
• If youth knew, if age could. (2002)
• There is nothing either good or bad but thinking makes it so. (2003)
• Be the change you want to see in others. (2013)
• With greater power comes greater responsibility. (2014)
• Words are sharper than the two-edged sword. (2014)
• Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole. (2015)
• “The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values. (2018)
• Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it. (2018)
• Attitude makes habit, habit makes character and character makes a man. (2007)
• Discipline means success, anarchy means ruin. (2008)
• Character of an institution is reflected in its leader. (2015)
• Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed. (2016)
• Joy is the simplest form of gratitude. (2017)
• A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge. (2018)
• A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both. (2018)
• Customary morality cannot be a guide to modern life. (2018)

Globalisation

• Modernisation and westernisation are not identical concepts. (1994)
• The world of the twenty-first century. (1998)
• The implications of globalization for India. (2000)
• My vision of an ideal world order. (2001)
• The masks of new imperialism. (2003)
• Globalizations and its impact on Indian culture. (2004)
• ‘Globalization’ vs. ‘nationalism’. (2009)
• Preparedness of our society for India’s global leadership role. (2010)

Science & Tech

• The modern doctor and his patients. (1997)
• Value-based science and education. (1999)
• The march of science and the erosion of human values. (2001)
• Spirituality and scientific temper. (2003)
• The lure of space. (2004)
• Science and Mysticism: Are they compatible? (2012)
• Science and technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation. (2013)
• Technology cannot replace manpower. (2015)
• Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India. (2018)

Internet/IT

• The cyberworld: its charms and challenges. (2000)
• Increasing computerization would lead to the creation of a dehumanized society. (2006)
• Cyberspace and Internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run. (2016)
• Social media is inherently a selfish medium. (2017)

International organisations/relations

• Restructuring of UNO reflect present realities. (1996)
• India’s role in promoting ASEAN cooperation. (2004)
• Importance of Indo-US nuclear agreement. (2006)
• Has the Non- Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world. (2017)
• Terrorism and world peace. (2005)
• Are we a ‘soft’ state? (2009)
• Good fences make good neighbours. (2009)
• In the Indian context, both human intelligence and technical intelligence are crucial in combating terrorism. (2011)

Miscellaneous

• India’s contribution to world wisdom. (1998)
• The pursuit of excellence. (2001)
• Geography may remain the same; history need not. (2010)
• Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India? (2014)
• Quick but steady wins the race. (2015)

When preparing for IAS Mains, aspirants must focus on UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practise as this will improve one’s speed, efficiency and writing skills. It will automatically help in essay writing as well. 

Also, read:

Frequently Asked Questions on UPSC Essay Topics for UPSC Mains

Q 1. how can i write a good essay in upsc, q 2. does handwriting matter in upsc.

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UPSC Mains Essay Question Paper, Exam Pattern and Other Details!

UPSC mains essay question paper is part of the nine papers that candidates have to write as part of UPSC mains. Learn more about UPSC mains essay paper here!

UPSC mains essay question paper is a vital paper for candidates to score if they aim to clear UPSC mains exam. The essay exam expects candidates to write a well-organized piece of writing on a particular topic.

The marks scored in UPSC mains essay question paper are considered for the final merit list. This paper is particularly beneficial for candidates who have the ability to produce well-structured creative writing. 

Candidates who can present their thoughts in a clear way using innovative writing will definitely reap rewards in this paper. You can find out more about UPSC mains essay question paper here!

UPSC Mains Exam Overview

UPSC mains exam consists of nine papers to be written in descriptive format. Two language papers are qualifying in nature. The marks scored on the remaining seven papers are used to prepare the merit list. The details about UPSC mains exam are given below:

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UPSC Mains Essay Question Paper Overview

UPSC mains essay question paper is divided into two sections, each containing four questions. Candidates have to choose one from each section and write an essay on them. Each Essay (question) carries 125 marks. Other important details about UPSC mains essay question paper is given below:

UPSC Mains Essay Question Paper 2024 Download

UPSC is set to conduct UPSC mains essay paper on 20 th September 2024 (tentative). The UPSC mains essay question paper 2024 can be downloaded from the table below when it is available online.

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Download UPSC Mains Essay Question Paper Last Five Years

UPSC mains essay question paper in the UPSC CSE exam focuses on philosophical and abstract topics in recent years. However, these questions were easier to understand compared to previous years. The question papers from the last few years can be downloaded from links below.

Sample Questions from UPSC Mains Essay Question Paper

Given below are some questions from UPSC Mains Essay Question Paper. Candidates can check them out to develop an understanding of the nature of questions.

• Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.
• Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane.
• Mathematics is the music of reason.
• A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity.
• Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands – two equally harmful disciplines.
• A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for.
• Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.
• Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have.

Strategy to Tackle UPSC Mains Essay Question Paper

UPSC mains essay question paper needs a slightly different approach from the GS and Optional papers. With a greater emphasis on philosophical topics, candidates faced the main challenge of selecting the appropriate topic and articulating their ideas effectively. This is because there is no fixed syllabus for essay papers. 

Candidates are required to use their skills to score more marks. Following are some tips to tackle essay paper in UPSC mains.

• Read Newspapers Regularly: Information read in newspapers can serve as fodder points for essay topics. By linking with current affairs, the topic can be covered holistically.
• Language : Try to use simple language but in a creative way while writing an essay. This will definitely help you score more marks.
• Structured Writing : Do not write essays in a random manner. Try to structure content beforehand so that the reading flow does not get obstructed.
• Holistic Approach: Try to address the topic in a holistic way, by interconnecting sub-topics. This will add depth to the essay and will definitely receive appreciation from the examiner.
• Use Quotes or Anecdotes: Try to use quotes or anecdotes in the essay. This will enhance the reading experience of the examiner.
• Practice Writing Essay: Candidates must write essays and get them evaluated before the actual exam. This will help them approach the exam in a better way.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the total marks of upsc mains essay question paper, how many questions need to be attempted in the upsc mains essay question paper, the upsc mains essay question paper has to be attempted in which language, how to score more marks in upsc mains essay question paper, what is the best source for upsc mains essay question paper.

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