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• Resume and Cover Letter
• Resume vs Cover Letter: How...

Resume vs Cover Letter: How They're Different

8 min read · Updated on January 25, 2024

Knowing how a resume and cover letter work together can increase your chances of standing out

A resume and cover letter are essential job marketing tools that allow you to grab the attention of prospective employers and make a solid first impression. Where a resume provides an objective and concise overview of your work history, knowledge, skills, and overall qualifications, a cover letter formally introduces you to the employer and summarizes your work experiences related to your resume. It also discusses why you're interested in the position and why you're a suitable candidate. 

These two complementary documents are similar in a few ways and very different in others. In this post, we'll cover the following to provide clarity around cover letters vs resumes:

Cover letter vs resume: what are the similarities?

Cover letter vs resume: what are the differences?

What can a cover letter convey that a resume can't?

What's the difference between a cover letter, a resume, and an application letter? 

Cover letter vs resume: what are the similarities? 

As noted, a cover letter and resume are both career marketing tools, provided to prospective employers, that give the opportunity to make a strong first impression. Here are a few additional similarities between the two:

Both are meant to sell your skills and experience to entice employers to bring you in for an interview

The heading and contact information provided in a cover letter should match what's provided in a resume

When both a cover letter and resume are submitted as part of a job application, they're submitted together

Each document should use a similar style in terms of colors, font type , and font size to provide a cohesive package

Both documents should be tailored to each job you apply to

Both your cover letter and resume should include keywords from the job description.

These few points are where the similarities between a cover letter and a resume end. 

When considering a cover letter vs resume, there are five significant differences between them. They are

Layout and structure

Tonality , tense and orientation.

A resume is a requirement and necessity for virtually all job applications. A cover letter, on the other hand, is highly recommended but isn't necessarily required unless the job application specifically requests the inclusion of a cover letter. It's also possible to come across some job postings that specifically ask you not to include a cover letter. If you come across such an instance, even if you're tempted, don't include it unless you want to risk immediately going into the “no” pile. 

Unless specifically asked not to, in most instances it's in your best interest to include a cover letter with your resume. It shows you care about the position and can help to make your application stand out from the competition. 

The purpose of a resume is to provide the employer with a concise overview of your relevant work history, skills, and other qualifications. It focuses on your past and how it applies to your potential to succeed in a new job. 

Your cover letter should focus only on the job you're applying to - it serves as an introduction to you and your resume. With your cover letter, you have the opportunity to showcase a bit of your personality, further summarize your resume, and emphasize why you're interested in, and the right fit for, the job. 

In a nutshell, a resume shows the employer how your experience fits the role and a cover letter tells them why it does. 

Another main difference between a cover letter vs resume is the layout and structure of each. A resume typically uses bullet points without paragraphs or large chunks of text. There are also standard resume formats to choose from. A cover letter is written in paragraph form, with a layout similar to any professional business letter you might write.

Resume layout and structure

A resume uses one of three resume formats - reverse chronological, functional, or hybrid - with specific sections that are required within each format. The most commonly used is the chronological format, which includes the following sections:

Contact Information

Resume Headline

Resume Summary

Core Competencies

Work Experience 

Additional optional sections sometimes included on a resume are IT Skills, Volunteer Experience, Special Projects, Certifications, Training, Awards, Publications, and Hobbies & Interests. 

For more tips on how to write an effective resume with several resume examples to review, refer to “ How to Make a Resume: Beginner's Writing Guide with Examples .”

Cover letter layout and structure

A cover letter ranges from 300 to 500 words and should be written using the same format as any professional business letter. The key sections of a cover letter include:

The header with the date, the employer's address, and your contact information

A salutation directed to a specific individual when possible

An introduction paragraph where you introduce yourself, share why you're interested, and emphasize why you're an ideal candidate

The body paragraphs - the most crucial section of your cover letter - where you summarize your qualifications and how they make you an ideal candidate to meet the job requirements and demands, in one to two paragraphs

A conclusion paragraph , where you'll conclude with appreciation and a call to action

The closing , with a professional closing salutation and your name

For more detailed information on how to write a cover letter with a cover letter example, refer to “ How to Write a Cover Letter (With Example) .” 

Your cover letter, unlike your resume, addresses the employer directly and with a tone that's more personable than a resume. The exact tone you go with for your cover letter should reflect the industry and organization to which you're applying, though it's still good to showcase some personality. When doing so, ensure you still keep it professional and don't be too personal to the point that it distracts from the letter's overall goal and ability to leave a positive impression. 

The tone of a resume is straightforward and objective. It offers the reader specific details about your past work history, key qualifications, and skills. 

A resume is mostly past-oriented, meaning that it focuses largely on your past work history and experiences. Much of a resume is written in the past tense, as well. 

A cover letter is written primarily in the present tense. The focus of a cover letter is more on the present and future, including mentioning current and future objectives. 

What can a cover letter explain that a resume cannot?

As noted, where a resume shows how you're a good fit for the job, a cover letter can discuss why you're a good fit. Also, a cover letter can explain details about your resume that you might not have had space for on the resume. For example, if you listed a work experience bullet point with a great accomplishment, yet you weren't able to highlight the challenges you overcame for that significant achievement, that might be something to include in the cover letter if it adds value and is relevant. 

Cover letter vs resume vs application letter

In addition to a cover letter and resume being part of your arsenal of career marketing tools, you might also be wondering where an application letter fits in - especially since some confuse an application letter with a cover letter. 

What is the difference between a resume and an application letter?

As mentioned, a resume is a document required for job applications and provides a succinct overview of your work history and credentials. An application letter provides a detailed overview of your work history and credentials in a letter format and is typically not used in conjunction with a resume.

What is the difference between a cover letter and an application letter?

Though a cover letter and application letter share similar features, they're different in content and purpose. A cover letter complements a resume and provides an introduction to yourself and an overview as to why your qualifications make you a good fit for the job. It's sent with the resume as part of the application process. 

An application letter is more detailed and dives deeper into an applicant's work history and qualifications. It's common to send an application letter to an employer of interest, even if they don't have any job openings at the time. In other words, it's sent outside of the application process and often expresses interest in working for the organization. 

The structure is similar to a cover letter, because they're both professional business letters. However, since the intent of a cover letter and application letter differs, the content focus is different between the two. 

Cover letter vs resume: yes, you need both (with rare exceptions)

Now you know the similarities and differences between a cover letter vs resume and the purpose of each. You also know that, in most instances, it's best to submit a cover letter with your resume when applying for jobs. Including both helps you to set yourself apart from others in a tough job market and make a positive first impression on hiring teams! 

Wondering if your resume and cover letter complement each other the way they should? Our team of TopResume experts can help you to ensure that both showcase the correct elements to help you land the interviews you desire. You can even submit your resume for a free review   to get started!

Recommended reading: 

How to List Certifications on a Resume (with Examples)

How to Start a Cover Letter that Grabs Attention

How to Include Relevant Coursework on a Resume (with Examples)

Related Articles:

Do Hiring Managers Actually Read Cover Letters?

How to Create a Resume With No Education

Why You Lose When You Lie on Your Resume: Learning From Mina Chang

See how your resume stacks up.

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Resume VS Cover Letter in 2024 [Detailed Guide & Examples!]

Navigating the job market in 2024 can be tricky, with every detail in your job application making a huge difference. 

In such a situation, you might find yourself wondering about the roles of resumes and cover letters and how each can help your job hunt. 

While a resume showcases your skills and experiences, a cover letter adds a personal touch, explaining why you're the perfect fit. But blending these two effectively isn't always straightforward.

But worry not! 

This guide will show you how to create a spotless application by telling you all about resumes vs cover letters, including:

• Resume Vs Cover Letter: 3 Key Differences 

Resume Vs Cover Letter: 3 Key Similarities

• What to Include in Your Resume and Cover Letter
• Resume and Cover Letter Examples

Let’s dive in!  

Resume Vs Cover Letter: 3 Key Differences

When you're on the hunt for a new job, understanding the difference between a resume and a cover letter is crucial. 

They might seem like they serve the same purpose at first glance, but they're actually quite different in terms of format, tone, and purpose. 

Let's break down these key differences to help you leverage each one effectively in your job application: 

#1. Format 

The main difference between a resume and a cover letter is how they’re formatted. A resume’s format is structured, almost like a database of your professional life. It's a concise, bullet-pointed list showcasing your work experience, skills, and educational background. 

The idea is to make it easy for the employer to scan through your qualifications quickly. Think of it as a highlight reel of your career, with each point clear and to the point.

On the other hand, a cover letter has a more narrative style. It's your chance to tell a story about your professional journey. Here, you're not just listing your achievements and skills; you're explaining them. 

You can dive into details about key experiences, how you tackled challenges, and why you're a great fit for the role. While your resume is factual and to the point, your cover letter allows your personality and enthusiasm to shine through.

What you include in a cover letter is also different from a resume. In your cover letter , you're linking your skills and experiences directly to what the job requires, using examples and anecdotes. Meanwhile, your resume serves as a straightforward record of your professional path and competencies.

The tone is where you see the difference between a resume and a cover letter. 

A resume is all about being professional and straightforward. You're sticking to the facts: your past job titles , the skills you've mastered, and your educational background. It's like a formal report about you, so there's not much room for personal flair or storytelling.

In contrast, your cover letter is where you can be a bit more relaxed and personal. 

This doesn't mean you should be overly casual, but it's definitely the place to add a bit of your personality. You can write in the first person, share your enthusiasm for the job, and talk about why you're excited about the opportunity. It's like having a conversation with the hiring manager, telling them why you'd be a great fit for the job.

So, while your resume is the straight-to-the-point , no-nonsense part of your application, your cover letter is where you get to be more expressive. 

#3. Purpose

When it comes to the purpose of a resume and a cover letter, it's all about showing different sides of your professional story. 

Your resume is the backbone of your job application; it's essential. It gives a clear, concise rundown of your professional journey. Basically, it's your way of saying, "Here's what I've done and what I'm good at." You can apply for a job with just a resume, but it's just a part of the whole picture.

The cover letter is what fills that picture. It complements your resume by filling in the gaps and adding context to your experiences. This is your space to explain why you're interested in the job and how your background makes you a great fit. It's like adding color to a black-and-white photo. 

By writing a cover letter , you're showing hiring managers that you're not just tossing your resume into every job opening you see. You're taking the time to present a complete, well-thought-out application.

So, while your resume is key, including a cover letter can be a game-changer. It shows you're a dedicated job seeker who understands the value of presenting a full picture. Hiring managers often look for this effort as it demonstrates you’re serious about the role. In a stack of many resumes, a well-crafted cover letter can be the thing that makes you stand out .

If navigating the world of job applications can be tricky, it helps to know that both resumes and cover letters also share some common ground.

While they have their differences, they also have key similarities like length, the need to be tailored to the job, and using matching templates. 

Understanding these similarities can help you create a cohesive and compelling job application package:

#1. Length 

First up, let's talk about length. Both your resume and cover letter should be pretty brief . 

The recommended resume length is usually one page long . You can have a two-page resume , but that's only if you have tons of experience and are applying for an executive position. 

As a rule of thumb, though, your resume should be all about being concise and to the point. You want to make sure every word counts, especially since hiring managers don't spend a lot of time on each resume.

Your cover letter should also be short and sweet. Aim for about three to four paragraphs , and don’t go over one page. You're not writing your autobiography here; you're giving a snapshot of why you're the right fit for the job. It's your chance to highlight the most important parts of your resume and add a bit of personality, but remember, brevity is key.

So, whether it's your resume or cover letter, keep it tight. You want to give just enough to spark interest and make them say, "Let's call this person for an interview."

#2. Tailoring it to the Job

Now, let's talk about tailoring these documents to the job. 

This is super important for both your resume and cover letter. You can't just send the same version to every job opening; it needs to feel like it was made just for that specific role. For your resume, this means highlighting the experience and skills that are most relevant to the job you're applying for. You've got to show them that what you've done lines up with what they need.

Your cover letter needs this custom touch, too. It's your chance to draw a clear line between your skills and experiences and the job's requirements. Here, you're telling them, "Hey, see these things on my resume? This is how they make me a great fit for your job." It's about making the connection between you and the role crystal clear.

So, whether it's tweaking your resume to highlight certain experiences or writing a cover letter that speaks directly to the job ad, tailoring each document is key. It shows that you're not just looking for any job; you're interested in this job.

Looking for a new job? Be sure to read the ultimate guide to the job hunt for help along the way!

#3. Matching Templates 

Lastly, there's the visual aspect – using matching templates for your resume and cover letter. When these two pieces of your application match, it gives everything a cohesive and professional look. 

Think of it like wearing a matching outfit to an interview; it just looks more put together. Using the same design, colors, and font style in both documents creates a strong, unified brand for you as a professional. It's a subtle touch, but it can make your application stand out.

Having a matching set also shows attention to detail. It tells the hiring manager that you've put thought and effort into your application. It's not just about the content; it's also about presenting it in a way that's pleasing to the eye and easy to read.

If you're not a design whiz, don't worry. There are tools out there that can help.

For example, Novorésumé offers matching templates for resumes and cover letters. This makes it super easy to create a professional and stylish-looking application package. 

With a few clicks, you can have a resume and cover letter that look like they were made to go together, because, well, they were!

What to Include in Your Resume

Your resume is your professional story on a page. It's crucial to include the right information to showcase your skills and experiences effectively. Here's a breakdown of what to include:

• Contact Information : Start with the basics - your name, phone number, email, and LinkedIn profile. Make sure your email sounds professional and not like something you came up with in high school (e.g.: [email protected]). 
• Resume Summary or Objective : This is a brief statement at the top of your resume. It should highlight your career achievements and aspirations. Tailor it to reflect how you're a great fit for the specific job you're applying for.
• Professional Experience: List your past jobs in reverse chronological order. Include your title, the company name, dates of employment, and a brief description of your responsibilities and achievements in each role.
• Skills (Hard and Soft): Highlight both your technical skills (like programming languages or marketing tools) and soft skills (like communication or problem-solving ). Tailor these to match the job description.
• Education : Include your most recent and relevant educational experiences. List the degree, the institution, and the year of graduation. You can also mention academic honors or extracurricular activities if they're relevant (I.e.: if you’re a recent graduate or entry-level professional).
• Optional Sections : If you have leftover space on your resume, you can include optional sections such as any languages you speak, any volunteer work you’ve done, your certifications or personal projects, as well as your hobbies and interests .

Are you wondering if you should write a CV or resume ? Read our article to find out what the differences are!

What to Include in Your Cover Letter

A cover letter is your chance to make a personal connection with the employer. It complements your resume by bringing your experiences to life. Here’s what you should include:

• Contact Information: Just like your resume, start with your name, phone number, and email. No need for your address, but including your LinkedIn profile could be a nice touch.
• Addressing the Hiring Manager: It's important to address your cover letter to the right person. If you can, find out the name of the hiring manager and address them directly (like "Dear Ms. Smith"). This personal touch shows you've put in the extra effort and makes your letter feel more tailored and respectful.
• Introduction: Grab their attention. Start with a concise introduction about who you are and why you're interested in the role. A compelling opener can make a big difference.
• Why You’re Interested in the Role: Explain what drew you to the job. Be specific about why the company or the role excites you. This shows you've done your homework.
• Your Relevant Experience and Skills: Here's where you match your skills to the job description. Use specific examples from your past to show how you've used these skills effectively to show the hiring manager why they should hire you.
• Conclusion and Call to Action : Wrap it up by reiterating your interest and thank the reader for their time. A proactive closing, like mentioning your eagerness to discuss your application in an interview, leaves a strong final impression.

13 Resume Examples

Are you wondering what a great resume looks like? Here are 13 resumes for different professions to inspire you:

#1. Business Analyst Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a business analyst resume here.

#2. Digital Marketing Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a digital marketing resume here.

#3. Software Engineer Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a software engineer resume here.

#4. Construction Project Manager Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a construction project manager resume here.

#5. Customer Service Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a customer service resume here.

#6. High School Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a high school resume here.

#7. Student Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a student resume here.

#8. Server Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a server resume here.

#9. Actor Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing an actor resume here.

#10. Web Developer Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a web developer resume here.

#11. Engineering Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing an engineering resume here.

#12. Computer Science Resume Example

Check out our full guide to writing a computer science resume here.

#13. Architect Resume Example 

Check out our full guide to writing an architect resume here.

13 Cover Letter Examples

And here are some cover letter examples to take your application from great to perfect:

#1. Customer Service Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a customer service cover letter here.

#2. Marketing Executive Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a marketing executive cover letter here.

#3. Medical Assistant Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a medical assistant cover letter here.

#4. Consultant Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a consultant cover letter here.

#5. College Student Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a college student cover letter here.

#6. Retail Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a retail cover letter here.

#7. Team Leader Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a team leader cover letter here.

#8. Actor Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an actor cover letter here.

#9. Digital Marketing Cover Letter

#10. Executive Assistant Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an executive assistant cover letter here.

#11. Finance Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a finance cover letter here.

#12. Graphic Designer Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a graphic designer cover letter here.

#13. IT Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an IT cover letter here.

Key Takeaways 

And that’s a wrap on everything you need to know about cover letters and resumes. 

Before you go and perfect your application based on what you just read, here’s a rundown of the main points we covered in this article:

• Resumes and cover letters differ in the way you format them, the tone you use when writing them, and the purpose they serve. 
• On the other hand, they also have similarities. For example, they’re typically the same length and need to be tailored to the job you’re applying for. 
• On your resume, make sure to include your contact information, resume summary, work experience, education, skills, and other optional sections. 
• Meanwhile, in your cover letter, you should first include a header with both your and the hiring manager’s contact information. Then you should address the hiring manager, write a captivating introduction, talk about your achievements and skills, and wrap up with a call to action and a professional signature line. 

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The difference between a cover letter and a resume

Understanding the difference between a cover letter and a resume is essential. While both cover letters and resumes play a crucial role in your job application, they serve distinct purposes and convey different information. So is a resume a cover letter? Learn everything you need to know in our cover letter vs. resume breakdown.

Is a resume a cover letter (and vice versa)?

A resume and a cover letter are two separate documents, each with a unique purpose. A resume details your professional and academic history. It includes information such as your: 

• Work experience
• Educational background
• Certifications
• Other achievements

A resume should provide a complete overview of your professional journey, making it easier for employers to assess your qualifications for a particular role. 

A cover letter complements your resume. It should be a one-page document that concisely provides personalized information about who you are as an applicant. Use it to share why you are interested in the position and how your skills and experiences make you a great fit. Tell your story and highlight your most relevant achievements. 

The biggest takeaway from the cover letter vs. resume comparison is that they should complement one another. Don’t just reiterate the same information in each document. Your resume should present “just the facts,” whereas your cover letter links your professional experience to the job you are applying for. 

Cultural contexts

Both resumes and cover letters are important when applying for jobs. However, the style and format of each can vary slightly depending on the specific cultural context and market. 

Some European countries, for instance, consider the cover letter to be one of the most important aspects of the application process. Employers expect you to share details about your personal life and experiences, as they understand that these experiences will impact how you work.

In contrast, some parts of Asia focus heavily on the resume itself. It’s not uncommon for the document to be several pages long. Applicants can use this additional space to detail internships, projects, and other unique experiences that make them stand out from other candidates. 

However, even if the employer you want to work for doesn’t require a cover letter, including one is always a good practice. It allows you to explain your motivations for applying and showcase why you’ll be a good fit. 

For example, suppose that you are transitioning to a new industry. In a situation like that, a cover letter can help you explain how your skills are transferable and why you are excited about the new field. 

Key differences between a cover letter and a resume

Here are the key differences between a cover letter vs. resume: 

While both your resume and cover letter should be concise, your resume can be up to two pages in length. The goal of your resume should be to give a comprehensive overview of your experience. 

In contrast, your cover letter should never exceed one page. It should be focused primarily on convincing a hiring manager that you’re a good fit for the position you are applying for.

Experiences and qualifications

A resume focuses on providing a thorough record of what you’ve achieved and what makes you a qualified candidate. It includes descriptions of your past job roles, educational accomplishments, skills, and certifications. Each section should showcase your abilities and demonstrate how your background makes you a suitable candidate.

A cover letter should be much more selective. Rather than listing everything you’ve done, highlight a few key achievements that are particularly relevant to the position you are applying for. This is not the time to be subtle. Instead, directly spell out your professional experience and how you intend to apply that knowledge to your new role. 

You’ll use a resume to provide a detailed overview of your professional history. The document makes it easy for employers to assess your qualifications. 

Resumes are often used as a reference throughout the hiring process. Hiring teams may even compose interview questions based on the information you provide on your resume. In other words, hiring managers may use this document as a starting point for a deeper dive into your background. 

In contrast, a cover letter gives you an opportunity to share more about who you are, not just what you’ve done. You can use it as an opportunity to express your enthusiasm for the role and explain why you want to work there. A cover letter is helpful because it allows you to put your experience in context.

Check out our resume examples to gain inspiration for creating your own job application documents.

Expert Tip:

Keep your paragraphs short, but use your cover letter to tell a story about how your experience or interests align with the company’s goals and the position you’re applying for.

Similarities and best practices

We can’t wrap up the cover letter vs. resume conversation without exploring the similarities between the two and sharing some best practices to help you land an interview. When you are composing these vital documents, you should: 

Choose appropriate formats and fonts

Always select a clean and professional format. Use a readable font like Arial or Times New Roman and keep the font size between 10 and 12 points. Additionally, it’s important that you give your document room to breathe by leaving enough white space between sections to make it skimmable and easy to read. 

Cover letter templates often feature preset fonts and formatting. Just make sure you use a resume template that matches your cover letter so that the two documents feature consistent fonts and layouts. 

Using a template can save you a lot of time and help you create an aesthetically pleasing set of application materials. Compare several options until you find a format and layout that aligns with your preferences.

Align your resume or cover letter to the job application

Your resume and cover letter should never feel generic. Ask yourself, “Could I submit these documents to virtually any company?” If so, they aren’t adequately tailored to the position you are applying for. 

Instead, make it your goal to subtly weave in information from the job description to showcase that you’ve studied the position. Mention skills that the hiring team is looking for and draw connections between your accomplishments and what the employer describes as their ideal candidate. 

Also, make sure that your resume and cover letter contain separate but supporting information. Check out our cover letter examples for more insights into what your documents should include. 

Experiences and education

Your qualifications and education are Central to both your resume and cover letter. In your resume, provide detailed descriptions of your education and work experience. Focus on the most relevant aspects of your background and explain how they make you a suitable candidate for the job. 

Explore our resume articles for examples of how to showcase your experiences and education in an easily digestible way. You’ll find numerous formats and layouts to choose from. Some of our examples prioritize education, whereas others showcase your professional expertise and capabilities by using quantifiable data. 

Where possible, use data to support your claims and demonstrate your achievements. Providing an employer with hard numbers can help prove your proficiency as a professional. 

Proofread and edit

Never turn in unpolished documents. To keep that from happening, thoroughly review both your resume and cover letter to ensure they convey the right information while maintaining a professional tone throughout. Look for any spelling or grammatical errors, and ensure that your content is clear, concise, and free of jargon. 

If possible, you might have a trusted friend or professional mentor review your document. They can provide objective insights and help you refine your resume and cover letter. Apply their insights and confirm that your documents are easy to read. 

“Your cover letter should always be concise and to the point. Don’t ramble or repeat the same information from your resume.”

Cover letter vs. resume: Which do you need? 

Most employers require both a cover letter and a resume. You’ll need to craft complementary documents that encapsulate your professional experience and showcase your fit for the job. 

For help with these crucial application materials, you can turn to Jobseeker. We offer an expansive library of examples, templates, and tools. 

Use our resume builder to make your application stand out and increase your odds of landing an interview. We also provide a cover letter generator so you can create the perfect complementary document for your resume. 

Get ahead of the competition

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What Is the Difference Between a Resume and a Cover Letter?

• Resume vs. Cover Letter

What a Resume Includes

What a cover letter includes.

• Use a Cover Letter to be Subjective

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What's the difference between a resume and a cover letter? Both a cover letter and a resume share the common purpose of proving that you have the right skills to excel at the job for which you are applying.

However, there are clear distinctions between the structure and intent of the two documents. Job seekers should view their cover letter and resume as a complementary but unique pair of documents. That is, your cover letter should be more than just bullet points regurgitated from the resume. 

Many employers require that a resume is submitted with a job application. 

A cover letter may not be required. But, including one when you apply for a job can help your chances of getting selected for an interview.

The Difference Between a Resume and a Cover Letter

You can think of your resume as a general summary of your work experience and your cover letter as a summary of your work experience as it relates to the job at hand. 

A resume is a document that itemizes your employment history. It summarizes the jobs you have held, the education you have attained, certifications, skills, and other quantifiable information about your background and work experience. 

The most common  resume format  is a list with your contact information, and experience section that includes job titles, position descriptions, dates of employment, an education section, and other relevant information.

Typically, a resume is written in the third person and uses as few words as possible to summarize the experience. So, instead of writing "I supervised the large buying team at XYZ company" a resume would have a bullet point that says, "Supervised 19-person buying team."

Whenever possible, you'll want to use numbers on your resume, such as the number of people you supervised, percent sales increased, the number of customers helped, etc.

A cover letter is written to highlight the qualifications you have for the job for which you are applying. It is used to provide the employer with additional information as to why you are a good candidate for the job. The main function of your cover letter is to show off how your qualification makes you a match for the job. 

A cover letter is written in a letter format including a salutation, several paragraphs, and a closing. Unlike a resume, you should use the first-person to write your cover letter . (That said, avoid using "I" too much.)

Your resume should provide employers with a detailed list of your work experience and education. The skills and accomplishments associated with each job you have held should be described in enough detail to show employers how you have added value in those specific roles.

Often, resumes provide information in bulleted lists; this helps make the document concise and allows recruiters to scan through it quickly. 

A cover letter is a short three or four paragraph document. It should be written with the assumption that employers will consult your resume to match it to the statement you are making in the letter about your qualifications.

A cover letter will help employers to interpret your background as represented on the resume and will help prove how your previous experiences qualify you for a job.

When you are writing a cover letter for a job, first review the job requirements that are detailed in the job posting. Use your cover letter to explain how you meet those criteria.

Use a Cover Letter to Convey Subjective Information

A resume states the facts – who, what, when, and how. In contrast, a cover letter provides an opportunity to explain why you are qualified for the job. This document adds a bit of color and personality and is intended to persuade employers that you're a good fit for the position at hand. 

A cover letter is a better vehicle than a resume to convey more subjective information like the basis of your interest in a position, how your values motivate you to pursue a job, or why the culture of a company appeals to you.

Your cover letters will help you sell your qualifications to prospective employers while your resume provides the details to back up the information included in your letters.

Cover Letter Vs. Resume: Which Should You Use?

In This Guide:

Cover letter vs resume: what's the difference?

Three major differences between a cover letter and a resume

Resumes and cover letters go hand in hand, 3 expert tips on writing a cover letter vs. a resume, example resume and cover letter.

Applying for a job can be scary; trust us – we know.

But that doesn’t mean it needs to be confusing, too.

However, there’s this one uneasy thought that puzzles job-seekers, especially first-timers.

“Resumes? Cover letters? Aren’t they the same thing? How am I supposed to know what goes where?”

We get that a lot.

So, to help you cut down on confusion and get your job application right, we’re going to talk about cover letters vs resumes and settle on the difference once and for all.

In this guide, you’ll find out:

• What the difference between a resume and a cover letter is;
• What should be included in each document;
• How to make sure your cover letter makes it to the top of the pile.

Let’s dive right in!

Cover letter vs resume: what's the difference?

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So, how are a resume and a cover letter different?

While the purpose of both is to prove to the hiring manager that you have what it takes to get the job, they do so in two very different ways.

Basically, you can consider your resume to be a summary of your work and education experience, while your cover letter focuses on how this experience relates to this specific job.

Have you heard that saying in the beauty community that says your eyebrows should be sisters, not twins?

You can apply that same logic to your cover letter and resume.

These two documents should complement each other, not copy each other exactly.

One big difference we can name right off the bat is that pretty much every employer requires a resume for a job application, but not a cover letter.

However, including one always boosts your chances of success (unless the posting specifies that you shouldn’t send one, of course).

Now then, to really understand what the difference between a cover letter and a resume is, we will take a quick look at what each of them is at its core.

What is a resume? What does a resume include?

In short, a resume summarizes your work experience and educational background.

It’s a detailed account of the jobs you’ve had, the schools you’ve attended and the degrees you got, any awards and certifications you might have, your skills, etc.

Most commonly, a resume is formatted as a list with bullet points. This makes the document easily scannable and eliminates fluff, which is perfect for a busy hiring manager.

Usually, you should write your resume in the third-person and be as clear and concise as possible, using few words and not going into too much unnecessary detail.

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So, here’s a list of what your resume should include:

• Contact information
• Summary, or objective
• Work experience
• Dates of employment
• Additional information, such as certificates, spoken languages, etc.

But what about cover letters?

What is a cover letter? What does a cover letter include?

A cover letter adds relevant context to your resume.

It highlights what your qualifications are and how they relate to the particular job you’re applying for.

Basically, what a cover letter does is give the employer all the reasons why you are the best candidate for the position.

It shows off your skills and gives examples from your experiences to back them up.

You write a cover letter in a letter format, unsurprisingly. It consists of a greeting, three or four body paragraphs, and a closing. And, as opposed to the resume, you should use the first-person.

When writing your cover letter, keep in mind that employers are likely to refer to your resume to make the connection between the person and the job applicant.

So, seeing how they’re probably going to be reading them at the same time, don’t make your cover letter a carbon copy of your resume.

Rather, it should expand on the points you’ve made in your resume, giving real-life examples that showcase your skills and letting the employer know just how perfect you are for the job.

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But what should you include in your cover letter ?

• Professional heading
• Address section
• Formal salutation
• Show-stopping introduction
• Your reasons for applying for this particular company and position
• Your skills as they relate to the job
• Closing words on your excitement to join the company
• A call to action

Oh, and don’t forget to read the job offer carefully and include some keywords in your letter!

So, now you know what a cover letter and a resume are, and what they should include.

Let’s move on and cover the main differences between the two.

Knowing what each of these documents does is not always enough.

You need to understand how they differ.

So, in this section, we’ll go over three of the most important distinctions between a cover letter and a resume.

Resumes and cover letters differ in importance

We’ll make a wild guess here and say that you probably haven’t come across a position in your job search that didn’t require a resume.

Now, how many postings have you read that didn’t need a cover letter?

Enough to notice, we’re sure.

That’s because resumes and cover letters aren’t equally important.

The internet is rife with information about which one is more important with various arguments supporting both sides.

However, we think that, unless the job posting specifies that a cover letter is not to be submitted, you should absolutely include one in your application.

You can’t skip out on the resume, though.

Cover letters and resumes use different structures

As you may have already noticed, one of the main differences in the “cover letter vs resume” battle is the structure.

A resume is usually one or two pages long and contains specific sections, bullet points, and other graphs used to represent a candidate’s professional skills.

A cover letter, on the other hand, has 3-4 structured paragraphs, an introduction, and a closing paragraph, and is usually no more than 300-500 words.

The goal of a cover letter vs a resume is different

Another crucial difference between the two documents is their purpose.

A resume’s goal is to provide the hiring manager with lots of varying information, but in a brief format – just a page or two.

They’ll use your resume to quickly decide if you’re qualified for a particular job (at least on paper – the proof comes with your cover letter).

The purpose of a cover letter is to let you tell a story about yourself as a person, not just an employee.

It helps you expand on the points you made in your resume and give some much-needed context to the employer.

So, there you have it – these documents are different in many ways, however…

We already mentioned this above, but cover letters and resumes complement each other well, so they should be used accordingly.

While a resume is quickly scannable, a hiring manager might struggle to make sense of all the data you’re throwing at them, especially if your resume is on the longer side.

That’s why a cover letter is a good addition to a resume, as it helps translate that information into paragraphs, making it easier to read and take in.

But that’s not all – a cover letter and a resume, as different as they are, should stick to the same design .

There’s not a single recruiter out there that wants to spend their valuable time trying to match a resume to a cover letter like it’s a puzzle.

Cover letters are also a great way to make sure your resume doesn’t end up in the trash.

Lots of employers read the cover letter first to help them decide if the resume is worth reading at all.

So, boost your chances and type up that cover letter.

Are you struggling to separate your cover letter from your resume, wondering how to make them complementing, yet different, or you just want some tips on how to write a stellar cover letter?

Well, then read on!

We’ve got three pieces of advice for you, coming straight from the professionals.

Don't make your cover letter repetitive

We already said this before, but we’ll say it again – do not make your cover letter an exact copy of your resume!

Nobody wants to read the same thing twice.

You wouldn’t, so why should your employer?

Don’t be afraid to let loose a little bit and use a more conversational tone than you would on your resume.

Your cover letter should show the hiring manager your qualifications, but also your personality and your passion.

Don’t go into too much job or education detail. Mention them briefly and talk about how they shaped you into the perfect candidate and what you learned from the experience.

Keep it short and sweet

You wouldn’t want the recruiter to fall asleep halfway through your cover letter, would you?

So, keep it short, clear, and straight to the point. Leave all the unnecessary details out, talk about relevant experiences only, and most importantly, make it captivating.

As for the specific length, aim for three or four paragraphs and try not to fill more than 3/4 of a page.

Use a subjective tone

A cover letter allows you to talk about things you wouldn’t mention on a resume.

No resume contains a section about how you found the position, how passionate you are about it, or how each skill you’ve mentioned relates to the job.

Yet, these are all important aspects to a hiring manager.

So, you can afford to use more subjective information when writing a cover letter.

Let them know why you are certain you’d make a good fit. After all, you’re the one that knows what you can bring to the table, right?

And there you go – you’re now ready to craft that perfect resume and throw on a stellar cover letter for good measure.

If you’d like a little extra help, take a look at these great resume and cover letter examples .

Hopefully, they’ll help you get on the right track!

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And, if you’re looking for an even easier way out, take our resume builder for a spin and save yourself the headache.

Yes, a resume and a cover letter are two separate worlds. But they really are two sides of the same coin.

To summarize, here are the most important differences in the battle of cover letter vs resume:

• A resume is always required for a job application, while a cover letter can be optional.
• Resumes are formatted as a one or two-page document with bullets and sections, while a cover letter uses a letter format and has the standard introduction, 3-4 body paragraphs, and a closing.
• Cover letters are often what helps resumes get read.
• A resume and a cover letter should complement each other, while still being different.
• A resume is written in the third-person and is more objective; a cover letter uses a subjective tone and is written in the first-person.
• Resumes outline your work and educational background, achievements, certificates, and skills. Cover letters focus on how those skills and experiences relate to the job at hand.

Was this information helpful to you? Do you feel ready to tackle your resume and cover letter? Share your thoughts with us in the comments!

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The Difference Between Cover Letter vs. Resume in 2024

When it comes to job search, writing a cover letter and resume are two crucial steps to landing interviews. A cover letter is a document that accompanies a resume and provides a brief overview of the candidate’s qualifications and interests, while a resume is a formal document which highlights an individual’s work experience, educational background, professional achievements, and relevant skills.

Why are they important?

Cover letters and resumes are important because they play a vital role in the hiring process. They are often the first impression a potential employer has of a job candidate, and serve as a means for employers to assess a candidate’s skills, experience, and compatibility with the role they are applying for. A well-written cover letter and resume can set a candidate apart from the competition and increase their chances of securing an interview.

Overview of differences

While cover letters and resumes serve different purposes, they are both important components of a successful job application. One key difference is that a resume focuses more on a candidate’s skills and work experience, while a cover letter provides an opportunity for the candidate to showcase their personality and explain why they are interested in the position. Additionally, a cover letter allows a candidate to address any gaps in their resume or explain aspects that may not be immediately apparent to a potential employer.

In essence, both cover letters and resumes are tools that job seekers can use to market themselves effectively to potential employers. Understanding the differences between the two and knowing how to craft them effectively can make all the difference in landing that dream job.

Content Differences

When it comes to job hunting, crafting a cover letter and a resume are essential to making a strong first impression. However, it’s important to understand the differences between the two so you can optimize the content and increase your chances of landing an interview.

What does a cover letter contain?

A cover letter is a brief document that typically accompanies a resume. It’s a way to introduce yourself to the employer and highlight your relevant skills and experience. The goal of a cover letter is to persuade the reader to consider your resume and invite you to an interview.

A well-written cover letter should contain the following elements:

• An introduction that includes the job you’re applying for and your reason for writing
• A summary of your skills and experience that are relevant to the job
• A section that highlights your achievements and accomplishments
• A strong closing statement that thanks the employer for considering your application and expresses your interest in the position.

What does a resume contain?

On the other hand, a resume is a more comprehensive document that provides a detailed overview of your professional experience, skills, and achievements. Its purpose is to showcase your qualifications and convince the employer to hire you.

Your resume should include the following information:

• Your contact information
• A professional summary that highlights your skills and experience
• Your work history, starting with the most recent position
• Your education, training, and certifications
• Your skills and personal qualities that are relevant to the job

Importance of tailoring content to the job

One of the most crucial aspects of creating a strong cover letter and resume is tailoring the content to the job you’re applying for. This means customizing your documents to match the skills, requirements, and culture of the company you’re interested in.

By tailoring your job application to the specific needs of the employer, you’re showing that you’re a good match for the role and the company. It also demonstrates that you’re invested in the company and took the time to research and learn about its needs.

To tailor your cover letter and resume effectively, you need to:

• Research the company and the job posting
• Analyze the job requirements and match them to your skills and experience
• Use relevant keywords and phrases from the job posting in your documents
• Highlight your achievements and accomplishments that are relevant to the job

Understanding the differences between a cover letter and a resume and tailoring them to the job you’re applying for can make a significant difference in your job search success. Spend time crafting these documents and make sure they reflect your most relevant skills and experience.

Formatting Differences

When it comes to creating a cover letter and a resume, there are distinct formatting differences that need to be considered. Here are a few key differences:

Differences in layout and structure

Unlike a resume which has a standardized structure including headings such as “Work Experience,” “Skills,” and “Education,” a cover letter is typically a bit more freeform. It should focus on telling a story about who you are, what you’ve accomplished and why you’re the best fit for the role.

Importance of visual appeal

Your resume and cover letter are a direct representation of you as a candidate. Therefore, it’s important to ensure they have visual appeal. This means using a font that is easy to read, adequate spacing between lines and paragraphs, bullets and numbering for lists, and most importantly, a consistent format.

Tips for formatting

To ensure your cover letter and resume standout in a sea of applicants, here are a few tips to follow:

• Use a standard font such as Times New Roman, Arial or Calibri.
• Use 1-inch margins and spacing of 1.15 or 1.5 between lines and paragraphs.
• Use bold and italics sparingly to emphasize key points.
• Use bullet points and numbered lists where appropriate.
• Ensure your formatting is consistent throughout your document.

By following these tips, your cover letter and resume will be well-formatted, visually appealing and stand out to potential employers.

Purpose Differences

When applying for a job, it’s important to know the differences between a cover letter and a resume, as they both serve different purposes in the job application process.

Purpose of a cover letter

A cover letter is a document that explains why you’re interested in the job and how your skills and experience make you a good fit for the position. It’s essentially a personalized introduction that highlights your qualifications, achievements and career goals. A cover letter is an opportunity to showcase your personality and demonstrate your enthusiasm for the job, as well as your ability to communicate effectively.

Purpose of a resume

On the other hand, a resume is a comprehensive summary of your work history, education, skills, abilities and other relevant information. Its primary purpose is to provide potential employers with an overview of your professional experience and qualifications. A resume is typically designed to be scanned quickly, so it’s important to make it easy to read and to highlight the most important information clearly.

How they work together

While a cover letter and a resume serve different purposes, they still work together to provide a complete picture of the job applicant. The cover letter supplements the resume by providing more context around your qualifications and experience, and by showcasing your personality and communication skills.

When writing your cover letter, you should refer specifically to the job posting and show how your skills and experience align with the requirements of the job. You can also use it to explain any gaps or inconsistencies in your work history or qualifications, which may not be immediately apparent from your resume alone.

Your resume, on the other hand, should be tailored to the specific job you’re applying for, highlighting the skills and experience that are most relevant to the position. While your cover letter can provide more context around your qualifications, your resume should be concise and to-the-point, focusing on the most important aspects of your work history and academic background.

The two documents work together to create a complete and compelling presentation of your qualifications and experience, helping you to stand out from other job applicants and get noticed by potential employers. By understanding the purpose of each document and crafting them carefully and thoughtfully, you can maximize your chances of landing your dream job.

Target Audience Differences

When applying for a job, it’s important to understand the differences in the audience that will be reading your cover letter and resume. Knowing who will be reading each document will help you tailor your message to meet their needs and expectations.

Who Reads Cover Letters?

Cover letters are typically read by the hiring manager or recruiter. These individuals are responsible for screening resumes and selecting candidates to move forward in the hiring process. Cover letters are your opportunity to introduce yourself and make a great first impression.

Who Reads Resumes?

Resumes are typically read by the hiring manager or recruiter, but they may also be reviewed by other members of the hiring team, such as HR or department heads. Resumes provide an overview of your work experience, skills, and qualifications.

What Each Audience is Looking For

Hiring managers and recruiters.

Hiring managers and recruiters are looking for candidates who can meet the requirements of the job and fit in with the company culture. When they read a cover letter, they want to see that you have taken the time to research the company and understand what they do. They also want to see that you have the skills and experience needed for the job.

When reading a resume, hiring managers and recruiters are looking for a clear summary of your work history and accomplishments. They want to see that you have relevant experience in the field and that you have achieved measurable results. They also want to see that you have the skills and qualifications necessary for the job.

HR and Department Heads

When HR and department heads review resumes, they are often looking for specific qualifications, such as degrees, certifications, or professional experience. They want to see that you have the credentials needed to be considered for the job.

Department heads may also be looking for candidates who have a strong background in the specific area of the company that they oversee. For example, a marketing manager might be looking for a candidate who has experience with social media marketing or email marketing campaigns.

Usage Differences

One of the most common questions job seekers have is, “when should I use a cover letter versus a resume?” The answer largely depends on the purpose of the document and what information you want to convey. Let’s dive into the specifics:

When to Use a Cover Letter

A cover letter is an introduction to your resume and should be used when you want to provide a more personalized touch to your job application. You should use a cover letter when:

• You want to showcase your writing skills and ability to communicate effectively.
• You are applying for a job that specifically requires a cover letter. Always read the job posting and follow the application instructions provided.
• You want to explain certain things about your resume or qualifications that may not be immediately apparent, such as gaps in employment, relocation plans, or a career change.
• You want to express your enthusiasm for the company or job opportunity and make a memorable impression on the hiring manager.

A cover letter is your chance to highlight your personality, enthusiasm, and professional writing skills. It’s an opportunity to connect with the employer on a deeper level and stand out from other applicants.

When to Use a Resume

A resume is a comprehensive summary of your professional experience, skills, and education. It should be used when you want to provide a detailed account of your qualifications for a particular job. You should use a resume when:

• You want to demonstrate your achievements and accomplishments in previous roles.
• You want to provide a detailed overview of your skills, experience and education relevant to the position.
• You are applying for jobs that request a resume only or if the company does not specify that a cover letter is required.

A resume is a professional document designed to convey your work experience and accomplishments in a concise and formatted manner. It typically follows a standard format, highlighting core information that is relevant to the role you are applying to.

How to Determine Which to Use

In most cases, submitting both a cover letter and a resume is ideal, especially when applying for professional positions. However, there may be instances where submitting one or the other is sufficient.

Here are some tips to determine whether to use a cover letter or a resume:

• Always read the job posting carefully to see what documents are requested.
• If a cover letter is requested, submit one in addition to your resume.
• If there is no mention of a cover letter and you are unsure whether to include one, contact the company and ask. It’s better to verify than to assume.
• Consider the level of formality of the job you are applying to. For example, a cover letter may be more appropriate for a role in public relations, communications or advertising, where a strong writing ability is essential.
• If it’s unclear which to use and both are optional, assess whether your resume can stand alone or if additional explanations or enthusiasm should be highlighted.

Tone Differences

The tone of your cover letter and resume is crucial in determining the impression you make on potential employers. Maintaining a professional tone is essential, and there are some key differences in tone between cover letters and resumes that you should be aware of. In this section, we will discuss how to maintain a professional tone in both documents, explore the differences in tone between cover letters and resumes, and provide tips for finding the right tone.

How to maintain a professional tone

To maintain a professional tone in your cover letter and resume, it is essential to use formal language, avoid slang or jargon, and avoid overly emotional or personal statements. Use a neutral tone and stick to the facts, focusing on your qualifications and experiences. Proofread your documents carefully to ensure that your writing is clear, concise, and error-free.

Differences in tone between cover letters and resumes

While your resume is a more formal document, your cover letter is more of a personal introduction. The tone of your cover letter should be friendly and engaging while still maintaining a professional tone. Your resume should highlight your skills and experience in a straightforward way, while your cover letter can explore your personality, passion for the industry, and enthusiasm for the position you’re applying for.

Tips for finding the right tone

To find the right tone for your cover letter and resume, research the company and the position you’re applying for. Look at the company’s website and social media pages to get a sense of their values, culture, and tone. Pay attention to the language used in the job listing and use similar language in your documents. Tailor your writing to the specific company and position, and don’t be afraid to let your personality shine through in your cover letter.

Maintaining a professional tone is essential in both your cover letter and resume. While there are differences in tone between the two documents, both should highlight your skills, experience, and qualifications in a clear and concise way. By researching the company and position you’re applying for and tailoring your writing to their specific tone and culture, you can find the right tone for your documents and make a strong impression on potential employers.

Common Mistakes

When it comes to applying for a job, there are certain common mistakes that are made in cover letters and resumes. If done correctly, your cover letter and resume can make an excellent first impression on potential employers. Here are some common mistakes to avoid:

Common Mistakes in Cover Letters

Generic and impersonal salutations: Avoid addressing your cover letter to “To Whom It May Concern” or “Dear Sir/Madam.” Always try to address your letter to a specific person in the company.

Talking too much about yourself: Highlight your strengths and experiences that are relevant to the position you are applying for. Avoid writing too much about yourself and your personal life.

Repeating information from your resume: Your cover letter and resume should complement each other, not repeat information. Highlight specific experiences and accomplishments that you didn’t include in your resume.

Failing to explain how you can contribute: Don’t simply write about why you want the job. Instead, explain how your skills will help the company meet their goals.

Spelling and grammar mistakes: Proofread your cover letter multiple times to ensure there are no spelling or grammar mistakes. This is the first impression potential employers will have of you, so make sure it’s a good one.

Common Mistakes in Resumes

Too much information: Keep your resume concise and to the point. Your resume should be a maximum of two pages.

Non-relevant work experience: Include work experience that is relevant to the job you are applying for. Employers don’t want to see every job you’ve ever had.

Listing job responsibilities instead of accomplishments: Highlight your accomplishments and how they’ve benefited previous employers. Don’t simply list your job responsibilities.

Formatting issues: Make sure your resume is visually pleasing and easy to read. Avoid using complicated fonts, and ensure there is plenty of white space.

Failing to tailor your resume to the job: Customize your resume to fit the job description. Highlight experiences and accomplishments that are relevant to the position.

How to Avoid Common Mistakes

Research the company: Before you write your cover letter and resume, research the company and understand their values and mission.

Tailor your application: Customize your cover letter and resume to fit the job description and the company’s values.

Proofread: Proofread your application multiple times to ensure there are no spelling or grammar mistakes.

Focus on the important details: Highlight your accomplishments and how they’ve benefited previous employers. Don’t simply list job responsibilities.

Seek feedback: Have a trusted friend or colleague look over your application to provide feedback and catch any mistakes you may have missed.

By avoiding these common mistakes, you can make an excellent first impression on your potential employer and stand out from other applicants.

Tips for Writing

Whether you are applying for a new job or looking to improve your professional writing skills, understanding the differences between cover letters and resumes can make all the difference in your success. Here are some tips for writing effective cover letters and resumes, as well as best practices for writing and editing in general.

Tips for Writing a Successful Cover Letter

• Tailor your cover letter to the specific job you are applying for. Use keywords and phrases from the job description to highlight your relevant skills and experience.
• Address the hiring manager by name, if possible. This shows that you have done your research and are invested in the company and position.
• Highlight your unique qualifications and why you are the best candidate for the job. Use specific examples to demonstrate your skills and accomplishments.
• Keep your cover letter concise and to the point, typically one page or less.
• Proofread your cover letter carefully to ensure that it is error-free and professional.

Tips for Writing a Successful Resume

• Use a clear and readable font, such as Arial or Times New Roman, and keep the formatting simple and consistent.
• Focus on your most relevant and recent work experience, using bullet points to highlight your accomplishments and skills.
• Quantify your achievements and responsibilities whenever possible, using numbers and percentages to demonstrate your impact.
• Include relevant keywords and phrases from the job description, as many companies use automated applicant tracking systems to screen resumes.
• Tailor your resume to the specific job you are applying for, emphasizing the skills and experience most relevant to the position.
• Proofread your resume carefully for typos, grammatical errors, and formatting issues.

Best Practices for Writing and Editing

• Start with a clear and concise thesis or main idea, and organize your writing around this central point.
• Use active voice and strong verbs to make your writing more engaging and impactful.
• Keep your writing concise and to the point, avoiding unnecessary words and phrases.
• Use concrete examples and evidence to support your points, and avoid vague or unsubstantiated claims.
• Proofread your writing carefully, checking for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
• Consider seeking feedback from a trusted colleague or mentor to help improve your writing.

Understanding the differences between cover letters and resumes, and knowing how to write and edit effectively, can help you stand out in today’s competitive job market. By following these tips and best practices, you can create compelling and professional documents that showcase your skills and experience.

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Cover Letter vs. Resume: What’s the Difference?

There are many steps to getting the perfect job — and creating a compelling job application is one of them. Having a well-written resume and an eye-catching cover letter can take a lot of stress and uncertainty out of the job-hunting process.

Today, we are looking into the differences between a resume and cover letter and exploring some of the key practices for making these documents the best they can be.

Table of Contents

Cover letter vs. resume: what’s the difference?

A resume and cover letter typically come hand in hand. You need both these documents to successfully apply for a job. So, what is the difference between a cover letter and a resume and what information should you include in each one?

A resume is a document that summarizes your professional experience as a job candidate. The word “resume” actually comes from the French “résumé” and means “summary”. It focuses on your qualifications (work experience, skills, accomplishments, etc.) and helps showcase your abilities to convince the hiring manager that you are the right person for the job.

A typical resume includes five main parts

• Contact details : this is where you list the best ways to get in touch with you. This section generally includes your full name and professional credentials, email and phone number and, possibly, a link to your professional social media or portfolio.
• Summary : here, you can focus on your knowledge and experience and include your most valued skills that are relevant to the position you are applying for.
• Professional experience : in this section, you will need to list your previously held positions: starting with your latest job.
•   Educational background : this part of your resume explains your academic qualifications: degrees, professional certificates, awards, etc.
• Additional information : here, you can include any other relevant information that doesn’t fit into the sections above. A lot of HR professionals suggest using this section for references, professional achievements and awards.

Resume example

Learn more about how to write a resume .

A cover letter is a document that you send together with your resume that aims to introduce you to the hiring manager and briefly summarize your most important skills and professional experience. A good cover letter will get the HR professional interested in the rest of your application and make you stand out among other applicants.

A typical cover letter is about one page long and includes the following sections

• Header : this is where you include your contact details including your full name and professional credentials, phone number and email and links to your professional special networks or portfolio (optional)
• Introduction : here, you should get the HR professional “hooked” and make them interested in you as a job candidate. Mention your most relevant qualifications and skills and explain (briefly) why you see yourself as the best candidate for the job.
• Main body : after a condensed introduction highlighting your key skills, you can get into a bit more detail about your expertise in the main body of the cover letter. Here, you can go on to mention that you are aware of all the responsibilities that come with the job and have the capacity to handle them excellently.
• Conclusion : a cover letter should generally end with a call to action. You can mention when you will be able to start the new job and say that you are waiting for feedback on your application. Don’t forget to thank the hiring manager for their time for reading your letter.

Cover letter example

Learn more about how to write a cover letter .

Is it OK to send a resume without a cover letter?

While a cover letter is often looked at as an optional addition to the resume, it’s not quite the case. In fact, most job ads these days require a cover letter — and a failure to include one will probably result in your application being rejected. Even if it’s not specifically stated in the job ad that a cover letter is needed, you should definitely include one with your application. Not having a cover letter is simply a missed opportunity as it gives you extra “space” to make your case that you are the best candidate for the job.

Do you put a resume or cover letter first?

Most employers will scan your resume first. They will do so to make sure you have the relevant skills and experience for the position you are applying for. This is especially true for fields that require a specific set of hard skills like IT and engineering. While they may look at your resume first, a cover letter can help them fill in the blanks and get a more comprehensive picture of who you are as a professional. It can also be what makes you stand out among other candidates and actually gets you the job.

Is the cover letter part of the resume?

As we’ve mentioned above, a cover letter is a one-page document that goes alongside your resume — not inside of it or instead of it. You shouldn’t insert your cover letter into your resume and it should always go as a separate document with its own title. A typical cover letter is 250 to 400 words long.

Do you still need a cover letter in 2023?

Yes, cover letters are still important. Even if the employer doesn’t open your cover letter, they will still appreciate it being attached to your application. A cover letter is a good way to highlight that you are really serious about the job you are applying for. And, as we’ve mentioned earlier, it gives you an extra opportunity for self-presentation.

Letter of interest vs. cover letter

Quite often, when you read about cover letters, you may also come across the term “letter of interest”. While these are sometimes used interchangeably, there are actually quite a few differences between the two.

A letter of interest is sent to a company and indicates that you are interested in working for them. It doesn’t have to be sent to an open job offer — in fact, there may actually be no open positions at the company at the time. A letter of interest, true to its name, expresses your interest in a company.

A cover letter, on the other hand, is typically sent out together with your resume in response to a specific job offer advertised by the company. It’s an essential part of your job application.

To learn more about cover letters and letters of interest, take a look at this article: Letter of Interest vs. Cover Letter: Difference, Tips and Examples .

Tips for writing your resume and cover letter

Here are a few quick tips for writing a good cover letter and resume.

Tips for writing a resume

• Use the keywords from the job ad. These days, a lot of companies use resume-filtering software before going through the applications by hand. To make sure your resume doesn’t get blocked by such programs, use the same key phrases that are used in the job description if they are in line with your expertise and background.
• Highlight key points. Hiring managers are generally very busy people that have to look at tens or even hundreds of resumes every day. Make their job easier by formatting your resume in a way that highlights your most relevant skills and experience.
• Be strategic. Think what information to include in your resume and make sure it’s relevant to the position you are applying for. It’s best to keep your resume as concise as possible and list work experience that best matches the expertise required for the new job.

Tips for writing a cover letter

• Customize your cover letter for the job you are applying for. One of the biggest mistakes you can make is making a “one-size-fits-all” cover letter and sending it out to all the companies you are applying to. What is the purpose of a cover letter? The main purpose of a cover letter is to make a positive impression on the hiring manager — and the only way to do that is by writing a letter that is targeted for the position you are applying for.
• Don’t be vague. Your cover letter is a document that needs to impress your potential employer. This means that it’s best not to use general phrases and instead focus on specifics. Include examples, achievements from your previous jobs, numbers and more.
• Keep it brief. A cover letter should be a one-page document and acts as a concentrated introduction of your best professional qualities. Make sure to only include the most important and relevant information. Read over your cover letter before you send it out and remove any non-essential text. 

Cover letter vs Resume. Summing things up

Both a resume and a cover letter are essential elements of a successful job application. A resume is a summary of your professional life, while a cover letter is an introduction of your skills and qualities that best match the position you are applying for.

Even if the job description doesn’t specifically mention that you need to include a cover letter with your application, it’s best to have one ready and send it out together with your resume. It will demonstrate to the employees the seriousness of your intent and give you the opportunity to explain why you are the best choice for this position.

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Cover letter vs resume: here are the key differences.

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As a job seeker you need to be ready with both a resume and a cover letter.

You need both a resume and cover letter in your job search.

Most job applications require a resume right away, and the best resumes are matched to the jobs you are targeting. Some jobs posted on LinkedIn allow you to “Easy Apply” with just your LinkedIn profile (so you should optimize your LinkedIn profile too) but even with these jobs you often have the opportunity to attach a resume in addition to your LinkedIn profile. If your resume has more details (or different details) than your LinkedIn profile, you’ll want your application to include both.

Not every job posting requests or even allows a cover letter, but sometimes it’s required to move forward. Even when it’s optional, submitting a cover letter puts an additional piece of marketing yourself in front of prospective employers, so take that opportunity (and do what you can to maximize the chance that employers will read your cover letter ). The cover letter is not redundant to your resume. Here are the key differences:

1 - Structure of a resume vs cover letter

The most obvious difference is that the cover letter looks different than the resume. The cover letter is a business letter, or even if it’s the shorter, more casual email version, it’s still structured like a letter. On the other hand, the resume is structured like an outline of your career trajectory. Sections include your contact information, a summary of highlights, experience, education and additional information, such as technical skills, volunteer work and interests.

2 - Voice of a resume vs cover letter

Since the cover letter and resume are structured differently, your voice (i.e., how you express yourself) comes across differently with each tool. The resume is written in bullet points, which is sufficient for getting the information across, but not so much your personality. Don’t be cute with your resume in an effort to show your personality – it just looks unprofessional. I once received a resume printed on a page with a banana (yes, the fruit) in the background. The resume header said, “I’m ripening”. Perhaps, the resume writer wanted to different enough to be remembered. I do remember that resume, but not for the right reasons!

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Your personality has more of a chance to shine through in your cover letter. The cover letter is written in prose, so even though it also shares information like the resume, the details unfold in complete sentences – ideally like a story, if you write a compelling cover letter. You are not bound to specific sections like the resume, with experience in one place, education in another, etc. Unlike the resume, you are also not restricted to reverse chronological order. You can decide to group information differently and to jump around in time, depending on what details you want to highlight. The choices you make reflect your voice and message.

3 - How employers use the resume vs cover letter

Given the different ways a cover letter and resume dispense information, employers use these tools differently. Recruiters skim resumes in second, looking at your career chronology – is there a clear progression of increasing responsibility? Are there long employment gaps or short job tenures that need further explanation? Do the skills and experience listed on the resume match what the job requires?

The cover letter showcases your communication skills and style. If the job opening requires writing ability, the cover letter is the first proof point employers see. The cover letter also can highlight things that aren’t obvious from the resume or anticipate and explain potential objections to your candidacy. For example, if you have employment gaps or short job tenures that an employer will see from your resume, you can explain what you accomplished during your unemployed time, or that your short job tenures were because you followed your mentor from job-to-job. If your relevant skills and experience is from school or other non-work activity, your cover letter can highlight these in a way that may get overlooked in the resume.

4 - How you should use your resume vs cover letter

Since the cover letter and resume have such different structures, voice and impact on the employer, you need to differentiate how you are using these tools. Do you thoughtfully choose what to include in your cover letter and not just summarize what’s already in your resume? Does your cover letter highlight the skills and experience that match your dream job? Does your cover letter explain away any red flags from your resume?

Your resume can serve as an audit of your career. Does your experience section show progress over time? Are the results and responsibilities you elaborate on in each job tangible and translatable to the jobs you are targeting? Does your education reflect continuous learning (or are you at least learning new skills on the job)? Is your Summary right at the top of the resume a reflection of your range of experience and expertise, as well as directly relevant to the level and scope of job you want?

A strong resume and cover letter are just one part of your job search kit

You need both a resume and a cover letter. You also need a strong LinkedIn profile, not just for Easy Apply jobs, but also because, when you network during your job search, people will look you up online. Then, since you’ll be networking, you need a strong networking pitch to introduce yourself. If these marketing tools get you in the door, you’ll need strong interviewing skills (e.g., starting strong , not rambling , answering difficult questions ) to land the job.

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Cover Letter Vs Resume: What’s the Difference?

May 22, 2024

During a job search, you’ll often be asked to apply with both a resume and cover letter. But if you’re new to the job search or if you don’t actively look for jobs often, you might be wondering what’s the difference between a cover letter and a resume? This post will help educate you on what both a resume and a cover letter are, and compare resume vs cover letter and how they’re the same, and compare cover letter vs resume and how they’re different.

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What is a resume?

A resume is a formal, one-to-two page document that articulates a detailed overview of your work history, skills, accomplishments, and education. The goal is to present your qualifications and credentials to a hiring manager hiring for a specific position to demonstrate your fit for the role. It’s the first impression hiring managers have of you as it’s the go-to document that hiring managers request for consideration.

What is a cover letter?

A cover letter is a one page informal and personalized letter that explains to a specific person on the hiring team who you are and why you’re the most qualified person applying for this role. You’ll use storytelling and persuasion to convince this hiring manager to give you an interview by sharing anecdotes about your experiences that go beyond the bullet points on your resume. It’s also an opportunity for you to showcase your personal flair with your writing to capture the attention of a hiring manager.

Resume vs cover letter: what’s the same?

1. both used in the job search.

When comparing cover letter vs resume, it’s important to know that they’re both important documents in the job search process. They can be used together to sell you as a candidate so you can land your next role. When searching for a job, most require these documents to better understand who you are, why you’re looking for a role, and how well qualified you are. They can also be used in conjunction with a LinkedIn profile to better understand who you are as a candidate. If you’re looking for a job, creating a resume and a cover letter for each role you apply for will give you a competitive advantage as recruiters do read these documents to assess whether or not to give you an interview.

2. They typically have a cohesive design

A resume and cover letter are often used together and as a result they often have a cohesive design that ties the two documents together. They might have the header and contact information in the same style or use the same color palette to unify the two documents together. Their designs are functionally different but there are typically elements in a resume and cover letter so that a hiring manager can see that the two documents go together for that candidate to create a unified look.

3. They both use similar keywords

A resume and cover letter both require keywords in order to pass through ATS filters. You’ll likely use similar keywords in your resume and cover letter, especially since most of the keywords will be related to your specific job. Every job has its own set of keywords. For example, a content writer will have keywords like writing, content, SEO, editing, and so on. You’ll want to use a tool that scans your job description for keywords that you should be adding to your resume and cover letter to ensure your documents pass through filters to land you in the interview pile. You can use Huntr’s job description keyword finder to help you find these keywords with ease.

Cover letter vs resume: what’s the difference?

1. they have different purposes.

When comparing cover letter vs resume, it’s important to know they both serve different purposes. A resume is an overall one to two page summary of your work history, education, skills, and accomplishments. A cover letter is a one page introduction of who you are and why you’re a great fit for the role you’re applying to. It might better elaborate on the connection between the job posting and your qualifications to help hiring managers better understand why they should choose you specifically to be included in the interview process.

2. They have different formats

A resume format is different from a cover letter. A cover letter is an actual letter addressed to a hiring manager. A resume has sections and within sections, your accomplishments are written in bullet points in fragments. In a cover letter, you’ll need to be mindful of grammatical rules. And in a resume, it has its own set of rules. You don’t need to put periods at the end of a bullet point, it’s actually customary not to include one unless it’s two sentences long. A resume might also include some lists, such as within the skill section. Whereas, when you mention a list in a cover letter, you’ll need to use commas to separate them in your letter as you would when structuring a sentence. So, overall, when comparing resume vs cover letter, they do use different formats.

3. They have different content

When comparing cover letter vs resume, it’s important to know they both use different content. A resume is a walkthrough of your work history in recent years. LinkedIn might include every job you’ve ever held. But your resume is only your most recent work history, so you don’t need to include jobs from over a decade ago. A cover letter is a formal letter explaining what interested you in the role, why you’re looking for a job right now, explains any employment gaps, and further explains the connection between the role you’re applying to and your qualifications. A cover letter complements your resume for hiring managers.

4. They’re personalized differently

A cover letter and resume are personalized differently. A resume might be personalized by including tailored experiences and keywords to the job posting, includes relevant work experience, includes key skills, and more. A cover letter is a personalized letter directed to the hiring manager or recruiter for the role. It actually addresses a person specifically. It also draws connections between the role and your qualifications to help that person see that you’re the ideal candidate for the role. You might personalize the cover letter with a story or anecdote about who you are and how that ties into the company’s values or needs.

5. They have different lengths

A resume and cover letter often have different lengths. A resume is often a one to two page document, though most people aim for one page. It’s scannable in design, so it’s not walls of text but easy-to-read bullet points. A cover letter is written in paragraph format, so it’s often just under a page in length covering about 250 to 400 words. Whereas a resume might be between 450 to 600 words. It’s more common for a resume to be longer than a cover letter as it highlights more of your relevant, tailored experiences for a role. It’s also the key part of the application process so more time needs to be invested into it.

6. They have different tones

When comparing cover letter vs resume, it’s important to note they have different tones from each other. A resume is a more professional, formal, and fact-based document. Whereas a cover letter is more casual, conversational, and engaging in nature. A resume might use hard numbers, bullet points, and objective language. And a cover letter uses a mix of story telling and persuasiveness to entice you into considering them for the next stage of the hiring process.

7. One is required, another is recommended

When comparing resume vs cover letter, it’s important to see the difference between whether or not they’re required. It’s hard finding a job that doesn’t require a resume as a minimum to be considered for a role. Even to work at fast food restaurants or in retail stores, you’ll need to present a resume to be considered for a position at that company. Beyond this, some hiring managers will mandate a cover letter. But that cover letter isn’t going to be the most important document in the decision making process. After all, cover letters are often recommended to be added rather than mandated. A cover letter is merely supplemental information to help hiring managers in their decision making process.

8. They have different designs

While we mentioned earlier that cover letters and resumes have a cohesive design to tie them together, they do look visually different from each other. A resume is often structured with headings, such as summary, work experience, education, or skills. The design is all about scannability, and so the use of bullet points is standard practice on this type of document. A cover letter is a formal letter so it contrasts with the bullet point design of the resume. You’ll likely find one-inch margins with text going from wall to wall in a cover letter. A cover letter’s written content is more closely condensed like you’d find in a book or a formal letter. Readability is still important in a cover letter but it’s not as easy to scan.

9. They have a different target audience

A resume and a cover letter have different target audiences. A resume is a document that’s seen by the recruiter, hiring manager, hiring team, and all other stakeholders in the decision making process. So, if one of your interviews requires you to “meet the team” that whole team will likely be reading your resume before meeting with you to ask you specific questions. A cover letter is often a document for the hiring manager who will be making the hiring decision. It’s personalized. Maybe you’ll write one for a specific recruiter or person who will make the decision of whether or not to include you in the next round of interviews. But since cover letters boil down to personalization, it’s typically written with one person in mind rather than a broader audience. Some people use the same resume for multiple companies (we don’t recommend this, but it happens). But your cover letter is always tailored to a specific person at a company.

10. They use different pronouns

When doing a comparison of cover letters vs resumes, understand that they both use different pronouns. In a cover letter, you’ll be using the word I a lot as you’re doing story telling about yourself and persuading someone else to hire you. You might also use the word you. Overall, first-person and second-person pronouns will be used in your cover letter. However, in your resume, you won’t use pronouns at all. You’ll write formal bullet points that objectively highlight your experience without mentioning yourself or addressing other people. Even when you’re talking about your work experience in relation to people it’s kept formally. For example, “Led a team of six high-performing individuals and successfully hit targets of $1,000,000” is a formal way to talk about others on a resume. Whereas, a cover letter would be written differently, such as “I helped coach and mentor a team of six high-performing contributors and we successfully hit targets of $1,000,000.”

11. One requests an interview, the other has no ask

In a cover letter, you’ll have a call-to-action that asks the hiring manager to consider you for an interview. Whereas in a resume, you’ll have no call-to-actions or requests for interviews. The document is a standalone one that simply highlights all your credentials and qualifications but makes no requests. In a cover letter, you might write, “I know that I would thrive in this role if given an opportunity, all I’m asking for is a chance to prove myself in an interview to be considered for this position.”

12. One explains things in detail, the other is brief

When comparing cover letter vs resume, a cover letter explains things in greater detail than a resume. A resume is brief, to the point, bullet form content. A recruiter might see an employment gap in your resume, but a cover letter explains what happened there. For example, you might write that you went through a corporate restructuring. This will help clarify that you didn’t do anything wrong and leaves little to the imagination. A cover letter is your opportunity to further explain your qualifications, employment gaps, or any weird quirks about your resume honestly so you can be considered for a role.

Time to write them

Now that you know what a resume and cover letter is and how they’re similar and different, it’s time to create your own for your job search. Since you’re still new to the world of creating resumes and cover letters, you can use Huntr, an easy to use AI resume builder with a cover letter generator that’ll allow you to create your own resumes and cover letters with ease. Sign up for Huntr today!

Nicole Martins Ferreira

Nicole Martins Ferreira, Senior Writer at Huntr, brings a rich background in marketing, tech, and ecommerce to craft insightful content on job search strategies and career advancement. With experience from Super Magic Taste to Shopify, she excels in creating engaging, actionable advice for job seekers. Nicole's expertise in SEO and content marketing, honed across diverse roles, enables her to effectively guide individuals through the complexities of the job market. Her contributions at Huntr are vital, offering readers valuable tips and strategies to navigate their professional journeys successfully, making her work an invaluable resource for job seekers everywhere.

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Cover Letter vs Resume: 7 Key Differences and the Art of Writing Them (+Examples)

• Nikoleta Kuhejda , 
• Updated November 10, 2023 7 min read

Here's an idea: the resume vs cover letter is a lot like salt vs pepper. Let me explain.

Your resume is like salt — it's a key ingredient required to prepare any dish. Or in this case, to score a job.

The cover letter, on the other hand, is like pepper — you use it to give your dish (your resume) a bit more flavor.

But in the end, salt and pepper work best when used together.  Because of that, it might seem a bit silly to compare the two. Let's do it anyway!

Let’s start with an infographic that shows the key differences between the two.  

What is a resume?

Resume is the most common career document that job seekers use. If you’re going to apply for a job, you'll be required to provide one.

In the simplest terms, the resume is  a concise summary of your education, work history, skills, credentials and achievements . It gives hiring managers a rough idea about who you are as a professional, what’s your work history and your key achievements.

It’s usually one page long and written in chronological order.

But in general, you have three options to choose from — besides chronological, there’s also functional or hybrid resume format . It’s up to you to figure out which one works the best for you.

What should a resume include?

• Contact information: Your resume should begin with your contact details. Add your full name, title, address (optional), email address and phone number. In some countries, it's also common to include birthdate, nationality and photo.
• Professional summary or resume objective : Describe yourself in three sentences. Open with your job title and highlight your key skills and qualifications.
• Work experience: The most important part of your resume. List relevant work history in reverse chronological order. Add 3-5 bullet points under each entry to describe your key achievements.
• Education: If you’re a seasoned professional, it’s enough for you to mention your highest degree and school name. If you’re a student or a fresh graduate, feel free to include more details like relevant coursework, grants, or extracurricular activities.
• Skills: Pick relevant skills and divide them into several subsections like computer skills, soft skills, languages, and others.
• Additional sections: Certifications, courses, awards, strengths, publications, conferences, hobbies, social media, references, etc. All of these are voluntary.

If you're not sure what to write in specific sections of your resume, you can just check our step-by-step resume guide .

But if you prefer watching videos to reading, you might also like this 5-minute video guide to writing the perfect resume. 

What is a cover letter?

Also something that you use to help you get a job… But!

Firstly, it's not always required.

Secondly, even if it is, it only provides additional information to your resume and should never repeat the same content.

I t allows you to explain other things that are impossible to express through the resume, such as :

• explanation why you’re applying for the position
• supporting evidence to why you’d make a good fit
• examples how you can be beneficial to the company
• details about employment gap or less work experience
• your personal story
• your motivation and ambitions

You normally attach it along with your resume and it serves as your introduction to a hiring manager. The ideal cover letter length is 3-4 paragraphs.

What should a cover letter include?

• Date and contact information: List your contact details such as full name, title, email, phone number, address (optional), and the date at the top of the page. Also, add company’s information such as name of the company, department and address.
• Headline: Use numbers, questions, or interesting adjectives. Something like "5 Ways I Can Help You Improve Your Company’s Marketing."
• Personalized greeting: Research the hiring manager's name online — LinkedIn is the perfect tool for this. If you fail to find it, use “ Dear Sir/Madam” .
• 1st Paragraph: Introduction: Use this space to introduce yourself in more detail and explain why this job is exciting to you.
• 2nd Paragraph: Why you’re a great fit: Write a short summary of your career and skills, and tailor it to fit the company's needs.
• 3rd Paragraph: Why the company is a great fit for you: Let them know why do they appeal to you. What excites you about working there? What do you want to learn?
• Closing paragraph: Finish strong and repeat why you’re a great fit (points 5 and 6). Also, explain how and when you’re going to contact them.
• Signature: Use a formal sign-off like " Yours faithfully" (US English) or " Yours sincerely"  (British English) + your full name.

Take the readers on an exciting journey, don't tell them what they already know! Just try to answer the basic questions: Why you? Why this company? Why this role? 

7 differences between the cover letter and resume

Type of document: When you’re applying for a job, you're normally asked to provide a resume. That’s a basic document hiring managers use to filter job candidates. On the other hand, cover letters, while often required, are sometimes optional. This depends on the requirements for the specific job.

Purpose: The purpose of your resume is to summarize your work history and qualifications. Whereas the main purpose of your cover letter is to sell those qualifications. It should introduce yourself to the hiring manager and show how your experience and skills make you a great match for the job.

Content: Your resume should contain key information about your work history and professional background. A cover letter should help the hiring manager to interpret that information. For instance, you may have an employment gap on your resume and in your cover letter, you can explain why.

Information:  Any resume is mostly about facts. In contrast, your cover letter should contain more subjective information, such as reasons for applying for that job, why you’re passionate about your industry or why you’d make a good fit. It’s a place where you can show a bit of your personality.

Format: A resume is divided into multiple sections like Work history , Education , Skills , etc. and should use bullet points under each section. On the other hand, a cover letter is written in a letter format and consists of 3-4 full paragraphs. It includes heading, salutation, introduction, body content, conclusion, and your signature.

Tone: Resumes have more professional and formal tone. In your cover letter, you can use a more conversational tone and give it a more personal touch. This goes hand in hand with the fact that resumes are rather objective and cover letters subjective.

Length: Your resume should be one page long. This of course, depends on where you are in your career. But your cover letter should never go past 3/4 of a page (no matter what your career level is).

Christy's word of advice

Even if the cover letter is not always read, it’s still considered a courtesy to include one, particular by smaller companies who are more likely to manually review each application. Some online applications only allow you to upload one document, so in that case you can either merge your cover letter and resume into one file, or just submit the resume (avoid merging both into one file otherwise, as they serve different purposes and are weighted differently by ATS). If the ad just asks for a resume, you can probably get away with no cover letter.

Christy Morgan, Resident HR Expert

How cover letter and resume complement each other

Although there are multiple differences between the two, they complement each other.

Simply put —  think of your resume as an outline for your cover letter story.

Along the similar lines, you can also think of your  cover letter  as a handbook to your resume. It allows you to translate raw data from your resume into an easy-to-read letter demonstrating your key skills and abilities. Ultimately, the purpose of your cover letter is to get your resume read.

They should also complement each other in the terms of design. Make sure your cover letter template matches the resume template you chose. It makes you look more professional. (For instance, Kickresume allows you to do that.)

In the end, both documents will give you a chance to deliver your “elevator pitch” and help you score a job interview.

Cover letter and resume examples

Let’s now take a look at how it should be done in practice. Below you can find a resume and cover letter example written by a real job seeker who scored a real job in a real company (it's all very real, true story). 

These examples can teach you a bit about content and style of your resume and cover letter. You can even use them as your first drafts to help you get started.

Marketing and Brand Manager at American Eagle Outfitters (Resume Example)

This resume sample was contributed by a real person who got hired with Kickresume’s help.

Marketing and Brand Manager at American Eagle Outfitters (Cover Letter Example)

This cover letter sample was provided by a real person who got hired with Kickresume’s help.

Still need some more inspiration? Visit our resume examples and cover letter examples libraries.

Resumes? Cover letters?

Our AI writer can do it all.

You can even transform your LinkedIn profile into a polished, professional resume . Our tool streamlines the process, helping you create a compelling document that perfectly showcases your skills and experience.

A journalist by trade, a writer by fate. Nikoleta went from writing for media outlets to exploring the world of content creation with Kickresume and helping people get closer to the job of their dreams. Her insights and career guides have been published by The Female Lead, College Recruiter, and ISIC, among others. Nikoleta holds a Master's degree in Journalism from the Comenius University in Bratislava. When she’s not writing or (enthusiastically) pestering people with questions, you can find her traveling or sipping on a cup of coffee.

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Application letter vs. cover letter: pros and cons, tips for job application scenarios

1) Application letter when there is no job opening

2) job application letter for academic programs, 3) longer application letter for internships, introduction, convey resume facts in letter form. , highlight your achievements alongside personality and context., signpost each part of the letter. , make sentences shorter and minimize descriptive language. , ensure the application letter is heavy on factual detail..

Application letter? Isn't that a cover letter, but twice the length? What is that you say? Some people use it to replace a resume and a cover letter? Why on earth would you want to do that? What is a letter of application vs cover letter?

Job search jargon can be difficult, especially when different words mean different things in various parts of the world. So let's take a look at the general differences and similarities between an application vs cover letter . They do have varying uses - so think about the right choice for you.

In this article we will explore:

What is an application letter?

• Three situations when you might choose to write an application letter
• What is the difference between an application letter and a cover letter?
• What is the purpose of a letter of application?
• An application letter example
• The format and structure of a job application letter
• How do I write an application letter?

An “application letter” is used in limited circumstances in a job search as a replacement for a resume and cover letter. 

These two pages have to encompass the highs and lows of your career as well as describe why you would be a great hire for a potential employer. Tough ask.

Many in human resources view this as recruitment heresy; but hear us out. The specific job application format, despite its unwieldy nature, has a reason to exist. The job application letter is vanishingly rare, but certain people do decide to use it. The argument of letter of application vs cover letter is clear cut. Combining a resume and cover letter into one longer application letter is no easy task.

Recruiter’s Note

It should be noted that the term “application letter” is often used to describe the traditional cover letter. In other words, sometimes the two terms mean exactly the same thing. Similarly, the words “CV” and “resume” sometimes (but not always) refer to the same thing, the only difference being that the term “CV” is much more popular outside North America. A cover letter may be referred to as an application letter simply because that's what it's called in that part of the world. This article deals with application letters as separate documents with their own specific set of goals.

A resume is a strictly formatted, factually based document, while a cover letter adds a personal touch to the application process. But with a single job application letter that does both jobs, where do you start to impress a recruiter?

Is there one occasion in a hundred when a job seeker might choose this option? Might it make a difference to you one day? 

By the way, there is an entertaining 7.5-minute video on cover letters vs. application letters at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p7i8I5wFYuk . It offers the same advice we do, although with a delightful African accent. It settles the application letter vs cover letter debate, once and for all.

When to use an application letter

Before we explore all the reasons why a resume + cover letter combo is usually better for job seekers than a single application letter, an examination of online recruitment wisdom does highlight a few occasions when a job application letter might prove a valid choice. So what are the three types of application letter?

We must stress that in 99% of cases, this advice and the following application letter sample is definitely not the norm, but if you have tried everything else in your job search toolbox, it might just be worth a try.

When the job market is tight, potential hiring managers and recruiters will have even less time to consider job applications, especially if there is no job posting. 

If job applicants have a genuinely compelling story to tell, some candidates might decide to send over their sales pitch in application letter form (as an attachment in an email or in a forum like LinkedIn), because they know that someone won’t spend the time digging through their formal resume for the relevant details. Our application letter sample at the end of this chapter offers a flavor of how it might be worded. 

Sending a formal resume might be presumptuous if there is no role available, but a short cover letter does not offer enough space to sell your career story. Enter the longer, chunkier application letter (that is pretending to be a cover letter and not a resume).

Another type of letter sent when no open position is advertised is called a letter of interest, letter of intent or statement of interest. A letter of interest is very similar to a cover letter, but it’s written when no open position is advertised. The usual advice for a letter of interest is to hold it to one page and include a resume. This is different from the so-called application letter, which is generally supposed to be two pages and is sent without a resume.  

For example, if you teach English as a second language (ESL) and you live in Spain, you may become aware of a school that teaches ESL. Even though it’s not advertising any jobs for new teachers, you want the school to know that you would be interested in working there and you have the skills to do so. In such a case, you might send a letter of interest and a resume. For more info, see our blog on “ Letter of Interest vs. Cover Letter .”

Job application letters will never match the factual accuracy and coverage of a resume, but a small number of candidates do decide to use them as a tactic to get their foot through the door.

One consideration with a job application letter is that it will be read in its entirety. The format of a resume makes it easier to dip in and out, so writing a longer letter may be a way of getting every argument across?

When there is a requirement to describe depth of academic experience , a longer-form letter is sometimes employed in academic circles instead of a resume. Here, the letter of application vs cover letter argument is won in favor of academic rigor. Outlining the importance of your academic work is difficult in a short cover letter.

Again, this is a rare occurrence, but for an academic who is looking to connect with a like-minded faculty manager (outside of the confines of HR oversight), an application letter gives them the opportunity express why they would be a fit for that new job. Many academics are used to reading long pieces of content, so a two-page application letter will not seem overly onerous.

Many in academia would expect an academic resume with a wealth of information about past research papers and qualifications, but for areas of expertise which require more depth of explanation, an application letter may be a useful format.

There is genuine merit for an intern to view the following example of application letter with a little more interest. 

Interns will not have the experience to flesh out a two-page resume , but a one-page resume may not be enough space to describe the passion that they have for their desired role. As social media has brought interns ever closer to potential future bosses, a less formal job application letter might be able to do the job of both a cover letter and a resume. 

The free-flowing nature of a letter allows them to explore their potential from a professional and personal perspective. 400 words is not enough on a cover letter when you desperately want to take that first rung on the career ladder.

If the application progresses onto a more formal footing, interns will still need a resume for an internal recruiter, but a longer initial letter could make a difference. Not every application is standard, so if you feel that you are able to divert from the norm and risk sending a longer application letter, take the plunge.

Application letter sample

Meet Lana. She is writing a speculative application letter to get a job at a new retail outlet that is opening up. She doesn't know when they might be hiring, so this one-shot application letter sample is her best shot of getting on their radar early on. They are unlikely to read both a cover letter and her resume at such a stage. 

We had to dig deep into various professional cases to come up with the best example, but with our desire to provide the most comprehensive set of resources for job seekers, we felt that sharing an example of a job application letter was worth doing. This really does include the best of both worlds.

The following job application letter sample is a good attempt at what such a letter might look like, but it will quickly become obvious that the format is far from ideal. You have to have a really good story to keep a hiring manager reading beyond the second paragraph. Make sure that you hit them with what matters to them early on.

If you start to understand that this format is not for you - you might be far happier and better off checking out our cover letter templates , writing guide and profession-specific letter examples .

Having said all that, here is an example of an application letter:

Job application letter format and structure

The format of an application letter is difficult to define. While we have created advice guides for all sorts of cover letters, the bloated nature of the application letter format means that almost anything goes. Just make sure that you use bullets and the odd list to break up the text - white space matters in an application letter, too.

We would like to compare and contrast the structure of the two formats.

After starting the header of the letter with your contact information, the greeting section needs to be addressed to the correct person and begin the letter with a personal connection. Everyone likes being called by their name. 

Additionally, make sure that you use the correct form of address. “ Dear Mr. / Mrs. / Ms. Surname ” is the safest option to get the letter off to a solid start. ”To Whom It May Concern” is never acceptable, though if you can't find out the name of the hiring manager, you can opt for a more generic greeting like “Dear XYZ Hiring Team.” This advice applies to both cover letters and application letter.

Take your career growth to a new level with these 10 expert tips to writing and formatting the best cover letter.

The introduction of a cover letter should be a short opening paragraph to grab the attention and focus on one standout aspect of the candidate’s experience. It is the one sentence that you want to remain in the hiring manager’s mind for the rest of the recruitment process.

The introduction for the application letter format has to work a bit harder. Because there is no factual resume to fall back on, the application letter introduction should be more practically oriented, leaving the reader in no doubt as to the suitability of the candidate.

Where a hiring manager has the option to find a candidate's value in the depths of a resume, candidates have to be mind-readers to work out exactly what to highlight in their application letter intro. It is a really tough ask and very easy to miss the mark.

The body of the perfect cover letter should contain a couple of brief insights into the personal qualities and professional achievements of a candidate, outlining why they are a fit for the role and backing that up with quantifiable numbers. It is eminently possible to create a lasting impression in the space of two or three paragraphs. In communication skills terms, brevity is the soul of wit.

Conversely, it is difficult to know where to start in suggesting how to structure the body of an application letter.

First, the job application format should ideally retain an aspect of the chronological nature of a resume . You don’t want the reader jumping back and forth through your career timeline as they read it and you should include dates of employment where possible. 

Elements of personality and culture fit can also be sprinkled throughout the writing. Try to lead with your most relevant characteristics, with the most recent examples at the beginning of the letter.

After a couple of sections about work experience, the job application letter offers an opportunity to expand at greater length on how you understand the role and why you think you would be a fit. 

Anticipate the interview questions and show that you are the right person for the job. This is something that is not always possible in either a resume or a cover letter, so it is ideally suited to a persuasive piece of writing that may well be speculative in nature. Go into significant detail around how exactly you see yourself fitting in.

For a cover letter, the conclusion is a one-paragraph call to action, intended to persuade the employer to invite you to an interview. It's the cherry on top of your job application. 

The length of the application letter format means that such a pithy closing paragraph might seem a little apologetic. In this case, it is worth reminding the potential employer of the key aspects of your candidacy. They may be a bit lost in such a long letter, and repetition can be an effective device (if you are repeating the right things, that is).

Is an application letter the same as a cover letter? 

The industry standard of a personality-led cover letter is intended to complement the factual formality of a resume. As such, the cover letter is often used as a compelling conversation-starter that might entice a hiring manager to read the resume in a little more depth. 

Cover letters hint at the threads of a candidate’s career that are worth exploring further during an interview process . 

Application letters, on the other hand, need to communicate both factual experience and a sense of personality. In terms of comparing and contrasting a cover letter and an application letter format, the basic approaches are similar, but the application letter format is more cumbersome.

Tips for writing a great application letter for a job vacancy 

If you are determined to write an application letter, or if someone has asked you to put down your thoughts on your suitability for the role in an email (for example), here are five suggestions for making the most of an imperfect format. Here is how the letter of application vs cover letter thought process plays out. 

Weaving the facts of your resume into the broader narrative of an application letter for employment is crucial to getting your work experience across. 

Factual details are far easier to pick out on a resume, so they risk getting a little lost in the depths of an application letter. But if you put the more important facts toward the beginning of paragraphs, hiring managers will be more likely to notice. Numbers and percentages are automatically more visible, so quantify and add context.

As an application letter is a mix of fact and personality, you can mix up your factual achievements with descriptive adjectives and more context than a resume typically contains. 

Much is discussed about storytelling in the recruitment process and if you can manage to merge these factors, your story has a chance of being finished. However, two pages of solid text is a lot of story to take in.

A resume has distinct sections for each part of your experience, and a cover letter usually has a set format to add the extra details. It is therefore essential for job applicants to signpost the content of every paragraph in the first sentence of an application letter.

Some people might decide to use mini-titles, but this often comes across as being too simplistic and may break up the flow of the story. Try to make the first sentence of each paragraph short and direct.

Two pages might seem a lot for an application letter, but when you consider that it has to be written in full sentences and with acceptable English, suddenly the simplicity and brevity of skills lists on a resume (for example) seem very appealing. 

Keep your sentences as short and impactful as possible. Otherwise you might find yourself not having enough space for some of your achievements and experiences. Having said this, don't include too many lists with lots of commas - the application letter needs to be legible.

While the purpose of a cover letter is to weave a more emotionally appealing story because the resume has covered the factual bases, the limitations of the job application letter format mean that it should contain as much factual detail as possible. 

Devices such as bullet-pointed lists are a great way of getting fact-heavy accomplishments across. Put simply, make sure that you don't waffle. The tone should be conversational - it should be a conversation packed with achievement.

The differences between an application letter and a cover letter

To summarize, while the application letter is a mash-up of a resume and a cover letter, it is a little more than that. Essentially candidates use it as an extended conversation starter in certain specific situations.

The application letter allows them to set out their arguments exactly the way that they would like a hiring manager to hear them. With a letter, there is no ambiguity. It is written how it is meant to be received. It is important that the candidate understands which arguments will be effective as this is their "one shot." 

While a hiring manager can dip in and out of a resume where they see fit, an application letter leaves them no choice. If it doesn't hit the mark, chances will reduce significantly.

But what if I decide to write a cover letter after all?

We recently shared 9,000+ words of career advice in our blog on cover letter writing and many of the suggestions in that piece will also be relevant to writing an application letter, should you choose to do so. 

Do your research on the employer, choose the right tone for the letter and immerse yourself into the culture to imagine what sort of employee they are looking for. 

The best cover letters are a wonderful medium to complement a resume, yet their impact is often overlooked. A perfectly targeted cover letter can genuinely make the difference between a first interview for that dream job and another rejection. We have a wide range of guides and cover letter samples for multiple professions that bring the reality of the letter to life. 

If you compare the cover letter examples with the application letter example, you will see why most employers would prefer the cover letter plus a resume to create the ideal first impression. In the letter of application vs cover letter argument, there is usually only one winner.

At the end of the day, you should choose what fits you best. If the situation warrants a more free-form and non-traditional document like the application letter, go for it! 

But if you decide to stick with the tried-and-true combo accepted by recruiters worldwide, make sure to check out our online resume tools for resumes and cover letters (complete with pre-generated phrases, a grammar checker and more).  

Save your time, avoid stress and uncertainty. There’s no reason not to empower your job search with convenient solutions!

Resume vs. Cover Letter: How They’re Different and Why Both Matter

• March 7, 2024
• Lisa Wachuku
• Career Advice

In the journey towards landing your dream job, crafting a stellar resume and a compelling cover letter are indispensable steps. While these two documents serve the common goal of presenting your qualifications and enthusiasm for a position, they play distinct roles in the job application process. Understanding the differences between a resume and a cover letter can significantly enhance your chances of making a lasting impression on potential employers.

The Resume: Your Professional Snapshot

Think of your resume as a concise summary of your professional background, skills, education, and achievements. It’s essentially your ticket to the job interview. Here’s how the resume distinguishes itself:

1. Structure and Content

• Professional Summary: A brief overview of your job target and qualifications.
• Work Experience: Detailed listings of your previous employment, including job titles, dates, and descriptions of your responsibilities and achievements.
• Education: Information about your academic background, including degrees earned, institutions attended, and relevant coursework.
• Skills: A section highlighting your technical skills, soft skills, languages, and any certifications.
• Achievements/Awards: Recognition and accolades you’ve received in your career.
• References: Optional, but you may include references or indicate that they are available upon request.

2. Brevity and Clarity

Resumes typically adhere to a one to two-page format, ensuring that your qualifications are presented concisely and clearly. It’s essential to tailor your resume to each job application by emphasizing the skills and experiences most relevant to the position.

3. Visual Presentation

While content reigns supreme, the visual presentation of your resume matters. Use legible fonts, clear headings, and bullet points to make it easy for recruiters to scan your document quickly.

The Cover Letter: Your Personal Pitch

Unlike the resume, which focuses on your qualifications and experiences, the cover letter provides you with an opportunity to showcase your personality, enthusiasm, and genuine interest in the position and the company. Here’s what sets the cover letter apart:

1. Personalization and Customization

A cover letter allows you to address the specific requirements of the job posting and the company culture. It’s your chance to explain why you’re the perfect fit for the role and how your experiences align with the organization’s values and objectives.

2. Narrative and Storytelling

Rather than listing your achievements, the cover letter enables you to narrate your career journey and highlight significant experiences that have shaped your professional identity. Use storytelling techniques to captivate the reader’s attention and make a memorable impression.

3. Addressing Potential Concerns

If you have employment gaps, career changes, or other potential red flags in your resume, the cover letter provides you with an opportunity to address these concerns proactively and reassure the employer of your suitability for the position.

4. Call to Action

Conclude your cover letter with a compelling call to action, expressing your eagerness to discuss further in an interview and inviting the employer to contact you for additional information.

Why Both Matter in the Job Application Process

While some job seekers may underestimate the importance of either the resume or the cover letter, it’s essential to recognize that both documents play complementary roles in the job application process. Here’s why they’re both critical:

1. Comprehensive Representation

Together, your resume and cover letter provide a comprehensive representation of your qualifications, experiences, and personality traits. They offer employers valuable insights into your suitability for the role and your potential contributions to the organization.

2. Differentiation and Personalization

In a competitive job market, personalized and well-crafted resumes and cover letters can help you stand out from other applicants. They demonstrate your genuine interest in the position and your willingness to invest time and effort in the application process.

3. Demonstrating Communication Skills

The quality of your writing and communication skills is on full display in both your resume and cover letter. Clear, concise, and compelling writing can leave a positive impression on employers and enhance your credibility as a candidate.

4. Showcasing Attention to Detail

Attention to detail is another essential attribute that employers look for in potential hires. By meticulously proofreading your resume and cover letter for errors and inconsistencies, you demonstrate your commitment to excellence and professionalism.

In conclusion, while the resume and cover letter serve distinct purposes in the job application process, they are equally valuable tools for showcasing your qualifications, experiences, and enthusiasm for a position. By understanding the differences between the two documents and investing time and effort in their creation, you can significantly enhance your chances of success in the competitive job market. So, the next time you’re applying for a job, remember to give equal attention to both your resume and cover letter—they just might be the keys to unlocking your next career opportunity.

Tips for Crafting Effective Resumes and Cover Letters

Now that we’ve explored the differences between resumes and cover letters and why they both matter, let’s delve into some practical tips for crafting effective documents:

Resume Tips:

• Tailor Your Resume: Customize your resume for each job application by highlighting the most relevant skills and experiences.
• Quantify Achievements: Whenever possible, quantify your achievements using numbers, percentages, or other measurable metrics.
• Use Action Verbs: Begin bullet points with action verbs to convey a sense of accomplishment and proactivity.
• Highlight Transferable Skills: Even if your previous experience doesn’t directly align with the job requirements, emphasize transferable skills that are applicable to the position.
• Keep it Concise: Aim for brevity and clarity by focusing on the most impactful information and omitting irrelevant details.

Cover Letter Tips:

• Research the Company: Take the time to research the company’s mission, values, and culture, and incorporate relevant information into your cover letter.
• Address the Hiring Manager: Whenever possible, address your cover letter to a specific individual rather than using a generic salutation.
• Tell a Story: Use anecdotes and examples to illustrate your qualifications and experiences, making your cover letter engaging and memorable.
• Align with the Job Description: Demonstrate how your skills and experiences align with the specific requirements outlined in the job posting.
• Proofread Carefully: Avoid typos, grammatical errors, and inconsistencies by thoroughly proofreading your cover letter before submitting it.

In the competitive landscape of job hunting, your resume and cover letter serve as invaluable tools for making a positive impression on potential employers. While the resume provides a snapshot of your professional background and qualifications, the cover letter allows you to showcase your personality, enthusiasm, and genuine interest in the position and the company.

By understanding the differences between these two documents and following best practices for crafting effective resumes and cover letters, you can significantly enhance your chances of success in securing interviews and ultimately landing your dream job.

Remember, the time and effort you invest in perfecting your resume and cover letter can make all the difference in standing out from the crowd and positioning yourself as a top candidate. So, embrace the opportunity to showcase your unique qualifications and experiences, and let your personality shine through in every aspect of your job application. With the right approach and attention to detail, you’ll be well on your way to achieving your career goals and advancing your professional journey.

Additional reading:

The Power of a Professional Summary on Your Resume – ClearPointHCO

Should I Write My Resume in Past or Present Tense? – ClearPointHCO

Mastering the Art of Addressing Relocation in Your Resume and Cover Letter – ClearPointHCO

Top 10 Reasons to Avoid Online Resume Builders – ClearPointHCO

The Difference Between Entry-Level and Mid-Level Professional Resume Project – ClearPointHCO

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Are Cover Letter and Application Letter the Same?

While cover and application letters are usually used in the same contexts, every job seeker has to know the significant differences between these two documents.

Nowadays, application and cover letters are sent via email, so, it’s also important to familiarize oneself with the writing trends and standards of online documents.

So, What’s the Difference?

The main difference between applications and cover letters are:

• Application documents are considered to contain in-depth information about candidate skills and qualities while cover letters are merely used for submitting the documents.
• Cover letters carry out simpler functions and only define your professional capacity as a sender, a recipient, and the purpose of the letter. Application letters perform three main functions: to draw the attention of the potential recruiter, to reflect you as the perfect fit for the position, and to secure the interview.
• Application letters highlight qualifications, skills, strengths, and previous jobs to which this information should relate to the job applied. Done properly, it will showcase you as a good fit for the position. A cover letter can omit specific details, though it must include contact information and motivate why you’re applying for the position and why you’re good for it.
• Cover letters are shorter as they don’t include detailed information. Applicant documents shouldn’t exceed one page. In terms of improving career opportunities, wherever possible your letter should consist of three paragraphs in which you introduce yourself and your objective in the first paragraph. You should present your strengths in the second paragraph and propose an interview in the third paragraph.
• Cover letters aren’t considered the decisive element of an application package. Application letters usually accompany resumes in most cases, as they can offer more about your professional candidacy. Or you can always check some of the best companies that will help you with writing your cover letter on Linkedin .

• Find a company

The language of the job hunt: resumes and job applications

Sep 07, 2022 - updated Apr 24, 2023

So you’ve decided to apply for a new role—good for you! You spruce up your resume and get ready to send it off, only to learn you need to complete a job application too. Confusion sets in as you find yourself doubling your efforts, wondering why both are necessary. Well, as culture fit becomes more critical in the workplace and competition rises, many employers want to better understand applicants beyond their work life and hard skills. Larger companies may also be seeking ways to sort through high application volumes and simplify or automate processes . Enter: the job application.

But what exactly is the difference between a resume and a job application? Why would a company ask for one over the other–or even both–and how can you ensure you stand out? Let’s find out.

What is a job application?

A job application is a standard form with questions or fields deemed necessary by a company to review candidates. It will often request the same information from every potential hire, such as contact information, past work experience, education, and references . However, not every company will ask you to complete a job application; sometimes just a resume will suffice. So what are some reasons a company would require one?

Marianne Encina, a recruiter at Shopify and co-founder of 3Skills , a community that teaches job seekers how to communicate their value to employers and build careers they are proud of, says, “a company might use a job application to have one clear standard to assess all applicants. This can be beneficial when the goal is solely to compare experience, skills, and education.”

However, the standardization of job applications also brings about concerns regarding DEI initiatives . Encina notes, “[Job applications] can be problematic since applicants will all have different backgrounds that will fall outside this standard and might therefore be automatically and unfairly rejected.”

That said, if a company does ask you to submit a job application, it is essential that you complete it in full. In the United States, candidates are required to list all former employers as requested on a job application and to fill it in honestly—you don’t want to get caught lying should the employer run a background check .

What is a resume?

A resume is a document that outlines your accomplishments, skills, and background, typically as they relate to your career and education . Resumes can also include personal information, such as hobbies, interests, and volunteer time, providing a prospective employer with more information about who you are and how you spend your time outside office hours.

A resume is your opportunity to showcase and highlight your unique talents and personality . While there are certain things that will double up on your resume and job application—such as your duties and responsibilities with previous employers—there’s lots of room for creativity.

One tip Encina suggests is tailoring your resume to the company’s brand by using their colors and fonts or getting inspiration from their products. “If you are interviewing with Google’s Search Team, for example, you could have each role in your resume replicate Google search results,” says Encina.

But it’s not all about aesthetics. “Content will always be more important than any color or font. A tailored resume with metrics that address requirements and responsibilities for the role should be the standard; aesthetics are a bonus.” Encina says. So what’s the bottom line? Make your resume enticing . “Ultimately, the goal is to extend the amount of time the recruiter or hiring manager spends reviewing your resume.”

What should you do if a company asks for both?

If a company asks for both, how do you ensure you don’t waste your or the recruiter’s time? While it can be tempting to keep one standard resume handy for any job that piques your interest, especially when applying to several different roles, it’s good practice to tailor your resume for each opportunity .

If a company asks you to complete a job application and a resume, avoid repeating the same information. “You might consider using that extra space to speak about specific projects that are relevant to that role,” notes Encina.

Should you send a resume if the company only offers a job application?

According to Encina, the answer to this question is: it depends. “If you have a tailored resume ready to be submitted that would only make your application and your candidacy stronger, I would go ahead and submit that too,” she says.

“But really, the question here should be redirected to the company: is every step of your process intentional and candidate-centric? Are the instructions clear on what needs to be submitted? Are they deducting points for anyone who didn’t submit a resume and cover letter , although there were no instructions to do so? As a candidate, your goal is to reflect that you are the most employable out of the candidate pool . A company’s goal should be to provide a clear recruitment process and expectations.”

Key takeaways: what’s the difference between a resume and a job application?

A job application is a form created by a company with fields that a candidate must complete in full . These fields typically include contact information, past work experience, education, and references . The application is the same for every potential candidate, providing a standardized way for a company to assess applicants.

Ensure you complete all sections as required by the job application. You must fully disclose all past employers when requested via a job application . Some companies may even perform a background check to confirm.

A resume outlines your accomplishments, skills, and background. It’s also your opportunity to showcase your unique experience, creativity, and other relevant information that could make you a front-runner for a position.

Clearly read a company’s application instructions; if they are unclear, don’t hesitate to ask for more information.

When in doubt, go the extra mile and submit a resume in addition to a job application , even if it’s not specifically requested. Find the appropriate company contact so you know it gets into the right hands .

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• Know the Difference Between Job application and Resume

Knowing the difference between a job application and a resume is of paramount importance. The process of applying for a job include submitting two different types of documents: a resume and a job application. At first glance, it can seem that these are two similar documents with the same information, but you are mistaken. Let’s discover what is the essential distinction between them in order not to screw up your employment process.

What Is a Job Application ?

A standard job application is a legal document required by the Human Resources department. It is a brief paper listing your essential qualification without explanation. For an employer job application serves to compare you fast to other candidates. A job application is a chronological laconic document of 1 or 2 pages. It also includes information that is never included in a resume: birth date, Social Security Number, driver’s license number, verification of military experience and training and even an inquiry about your criminal past. Usually, in a job application, you will be required to include full start/end dates of employment (month, day, year), names of previous manager, company name and location. The employer needs this info to verify your employment. You will also be asked to fill the salary history and current salary requirements. In some cases, employers can ask to add information concerning your GPA, semester hours and grades for certain subjects. You don’t have to include any additional information or special skills for job applications.

General Job Application Dos and Don'ts

Before filling out a job application, check out these dos and don’ts that will help you to create a correct one.

Job Application Dos:

• First of all, read the application form carefully before filling it. You have to follow strictly all the directions.
• Putting Social Security Number on job applications is obligatory.
• Make sure you include correct employment dates.
• Of course, you have to check your application for grammar or spelling errors.
• One of the biggest mistakes of all job seekers is not to contact their references before the application process begins. Call and make sure they know you want them to be your references.

Job Application Don’ts:

• Most importantly, never lie. All the information should be proven because it is a legal document.
• Do not exaggerate your experience, skills, abilities, because an employer will reveal the truth.
• Don’t leave any unfilled gaps.
• Don’t write ‘see resume’ for questions that require some wide explanation.

Your job application is very important. If an employer decides to hire you, a background check based on your application is inevitable, so prepare it thoroughly.

What Is a Resume?

A resume is the most common document required from job applicants. Typically, a resume is a brief summary of all skills, abilities, qualification, work history and educational background of a candidate. There are three resume types: chronological (the most common), functional and combination. Include a job history summary where you will explain why you are the best fit for a position and what are your main career goals. You can mention additional information on resume like training, licenses, language proficiency, but all the data provided should be relevant to a desired position. Writing a perfect resume is daunting, but check out the instruction that will facilitate this process.

Typical Resume Dos and Don'ts

Follow these simple guidelines in order to create an outstanding professional resume.

Common Resume Dos:

• Focus on your strengths. Include only your best characteristics and experience that will prove your professionalism and will convince an HR to hire you.
• It is imperative to tailor your resume to each specific position. Instead of mass mailing the same resume, make some adjustment to show your interest exactly in a certain job opening.
• Before sending a resume, proofread it multiple times. Errors and typos will kill your success on the spot.
• Choose an appropriate resume format that will fit the company’s culture.

Common Resume Don’ts:

• Don’t forget to list everything in reverse chronological order.
• Don’t put any irrelevant information. Even if you are proud of it, but it won’t make any difference to a recruiter - erase it immediately.
• Don’t forget that a resume is a concise document. Its length should be 1 page, in some exceptional cases, it can contain 2 pages.
• Don’t go into detail - 5 bullet points covering your essential duties will be more than enough.

Knowing the difference between a resume and a job application along with basic guidance on how to write perfect documents will lead you to success in your job search!

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5 Smart Examples: How To Write a Job Inquiry Email

By Status.net Editorial Team on July 5, 2024 — 7 minutes to read

A job inquiry email is a great way to get on an employer’s radar, even if they haven’t posted any job openings. By reaching out, you introduce yourself and highlight your qualifications, making a case for why you’d be a great fit for their team.

In this article, we’ll go over several examples of how to write a job inquiry email that stands out. We’ll cover everything from how to introduce yourself to how to showcase your skills and express your enthusiasm for the company.

Difference Between Job Inquiry and Cover Letters

Job inquiries and cover letters may seem similar but serve different purposes. An inquiry email is sent to explore potential opportunities, while a cover letter is specific to a known job opening.

Cover letters often accompany a resume during the application process. They detail how your experience matches the job requirements. In contrast, a job inquiry email doesn’t refer to a specific opening but highlights your skills and interest in working with the company.

I’ve found that using a job inquiry email can sometimes uncover hidden opportunities within a company. Job inquiry emails show your initiative and genuine interest in being part of their team.

Examples of Job Inquiry Emails

Example 1: simple and direct.

Hi […],

I came across your job posting for the […] role on LinkedIn and was very interested. I have a background in […] and feel that my skills align well with this position.

Could we schedule a call to discuss this opportunity further?

Best, [Your Full Name]

Example 2: Emphasizing Experience

Dear […],

My name is […], and I am reaching out to inquire about potential opportunities in your […] team. I have […] years of experience in […] and have worked on numerous projects using […].

I would love to chat about any current or upcoming roles that might match my skill set.

Kind regards, [Your Full Name]

Example 3: Networking Reference

Hello […],

I was referred to you by [Referrer’s Name], who mentioned that your company might be looking for a [Position Name]. With […] years of experience in […], I believe I can add value to your team.

Please let me know if there’s an appropriate time to discuss potential opportunities.

Sincerely, [Your Full Name]

Example 4: New Graduate

I recently graduated with a degree in […] from [University] and am seeking entry-level roles. Your company’s innovative approach to […] caught my attention, and I would love to contribute as a [Junior Position Name].

Could we arrange a meeting to discuss this possibility?

Thank you, [Your Full Name]

Example 5: Industry Switch

My name is […], and I’m interested in exploring opportunities in your […] team. Having worked in [Previous Area of Expertise] for the past […] years, I have developed strong communication and […] skills that I believe would be beneficial in [New Area of Expertise].

Would it be possible to set up a time to talk?

Best regards, [Your Full Name]

Crafting Your Job Inquiry Email

Creating an effective subject line.

Your subject line is the first thing the recipient sees and it should grab their attention. Make sure it reflects your intent, such as inquiring about job opportunities. (Avoid vague phrases.)

For example, “Inquiry About Open Positions in Marketing” or “Experienced Sales Manager Seeking Opportunities”.

Including specifics like the department or role you’re interested in can make it more relevant. (Avoid using all caps or overly promotional language.)

Writing a Personal Introduction

Start your email with a friendly greeting and your name. Mention how you found out about the company or the job opening. Personal touches can make a big difference.

For example, “My name is John Smith, and I recently came across your company profile on LinkedIn.”

Establishing a connection right away shows your genuine interest. (If you’ve met someone from the company before, mention that as well.)

Describing Your Skills and Experience

Briefly outline your relevant skills and experience. Highlight achievements that align with the job opportunity you’re seeking. Keep it focused and relevant:

“With over 5 years of experience in digital marketing, I have successfully led multiple campaigns that increased client engagement by 30%.”

Be sure to tie your experience back to what the company might be looking for. You can attach your resume for more detailed information.

Articulating Your Interest in the Company

Explain why you are interested in the company specifically. Mention aspects of the company that appeal to you, like its culture, mission, or products: show that you’ve done your research!

“I’ve always admired (…) Corp’s commitment to innovation and sustainability.”

This demonstrates your genuine interest and helps you stand out from generic applications. It also shows that you are truly engaged with the company’s values.

Requesting Information or a Meeting

End your email with a clear call to action. Politely request additional information or mention your availability for a meeting.

“I would love the opportunity to discuss how my background in sales can benefit your team. Could we arrange a meeting next week?”

Make sure to thank them for their time and consideration. Providing a timeframe for follow-up gives your email a professional touch without being pushy.

The Main Body of the Email

Expressing interest in future positions.

For example, you might say:

“I have long admired how [Company] innovates in sustainable technology. The recent project on renewable energy solutions particularly caught my interest.”

(Share what excites you about potentially working there, and express willingness to take on future roles.)

Mentioning a Mutual Connection

If you have a mutual connection, mention it early in the email. This can add credibility and increase the chances of your email being read. Include the person’s name and how you know them.

For instance, you might write:

“I recently spoke with [Name], who highlighted the inspiring work culture at [Company]. We have worked together on several projects at [Previous Company], and they thought I would be a great fit for your team.”

If applicable, make clear how this connection enhances your suitability for the company.

Demonstrating Your Qualifications

Use this part to clearly outline your skills and experiences. Focus on how your background aligns with the company’s needs; mention specific roles, responsibilities, and achievements relevant to future positions.

For example:

“With over five years of experience in digital marketing and a proven track record of increasing online engagement by 30%, I am confident in my ability to contribute to [Company]’s marketing objectives.”

This is your chance to match your qualifications with the company’s goals and highlight what makes you a great candidate. Use bullet points if necessary to make key qualifications stand out.

Finalizing Your Email

To leave a positive lasting impression with your job inquiry email, you need three key elements: a professional email signature, attaching all essential documents, and thorough proofreading before sending.

Including a Professional Email Signature

Your email signature provides a polished closing to your correspondence. A professional email signature typically includes your full name, job title, and contact information.

Jane Smith Marketing Specialist +1-234-567-8901 [email protected]

Adding links to your LinkedIn profile or portfolio can also be beneficial: it ensures the recipient can easily access your professional information and contact details.

Attaching Essential Documents

When sending a job inquiry, make sure to attach necessary documents such as your resume, cover letter, and any other required materials.

One tip I’ve found useful is to name your files clearly and professionally. For instance, JaneSmith_Resume.pdf or JaneSmith_CoverLetter.pdf .

Double-check that all attachments are included before sending the email: this attention to detail shows you are organized and thorough!

Proofreading Before Sending

Before hitting send, proofread your email carefully: ensuring your email is error-free demonstrates professionalism and attention to detail.

What should I include in a subject line when sending a job inquiry email?

Your can use phrases like “Job Inquiry: [Position] – [Your Name]” or “Interest in [Department/Team] Opportunities.” Try to avoid vague or overly lengthy subject lines.

How do I compose a polite email to inquire about job opportunities?

Start with a cordial greeting, introduce yourself, and explain how you learned about the company. Then state your interest in potential job opportunities. Then thank them for their time.

What are some important tips for writing a job-seeking email to a potential employer?

Use a professional email address, proofread your email, and attach your resume. Mention any mutual contacts if applicable, and be clear about your intentions.

Can you provide a blueprint for a job inquiry email for someone who’s recently graduated?

Begin with a greeting, introduce yourself as a recent graduate, and mention your field of study. Briefly describe your skills and express your enthusiasm to contribute to the company.

I am […], a recent graduate in […] from [University]. I am excited about possible opportunities at […]. My coursework and internship experience have prepared me well for a role in […].

Thank you for considering my application.

Best regards, [Your Name]

How can I follow up on a job application with an inquiry email?

Wait about one to two weeks before following up. Reference your previous application, reaffirm your interest in the role, and politely ask for an update on your application status. Related: 5 Examples: Follow Up on Job Applications (Get More Interviews)

• 9 Examples - How to Write a Formal Email (and Formatting Tips)
• 3 Detailed Examples: Job Interview Request Email Responses
• 3 Examples: How to Write an Email with an Attachment
• 9 Smart Examples: How To Answer a Recruiter Email
• 3 Examples: Job Application Email (with Tips)
• 20 Examples: How to Write Resume Job Descriptions

How To Write a Sample Email to Send a Resume to a Recruiter

3 key takeaways

• The best way to write an effective job application email to a recruiter is to get straight to the point.
• Lead with the outcomes you’ve achieved and how you align with the role in an application email.
• Teal’s Job Application Tracker includes email templates for every stage of your job search.

HR professionals and recruiters don’t actually like sorting through resumes. They can see hundreds in a single day, even if they’re using an ATS.

To get through them, they’ve created procedures to prioritize the best-fit candidates. 

That’s why, if you’re going to email your resume directly to a recruiter, that email has to catch their eye. It has to be appealing enough to get them to willingly review yet another resume.

In this article, you’ll learn how to craft the perfect sample resume to send to a recruiter. You can also speed up the process and keep track of the jobs you’ve already applied for using Teal’s Job Tracker and Email Templates .

Struggling to land interviews with your resume? Get started with Teal’s AI Resume Builder for free.

How to write an email with your resume to a recruiter

In most cases, if you’re sending your resume to a recruiter it’s because:

• They’ve reached out to you, either on LinkedIn or through email, to express interest in your background and your fit for the role. 
• They list their email in the job posting, asking for resumes in their inbox rather than in an application.
• You’ve discussed work with someone on social media, in-person, or another medium and they’ve asked you to send your resume.

In the first case, recruiters are sending out dozens of canned messages to all candidates within their database, or within a LinkedIn search. They often have a list of criteria they’re using to run this search, and you just happen to fit within that data set.

They know the more emails they send out, the more likely they are to get a response and, hopefully, find the right candidate within those responses. 

In both the first and second scenarios, recruiters are seeing a lot of emails from a lot of people. That is why you shouldn’t send your resume to a recruiter until you are sure it’s a decent match for your skills, work history, and interests for your next role.

Learn as much about the role as you can first. When you feel secure enough to send your resume, you can send it with confidence.

Once you’re ready, here’s how to email a resume to a recruiter:

Step 1: The subject line for a resume email

Your subject line is your first impression, and if it’s too generic, it’ll be completely ignored. An anonymous recruiter on a hiring forum made this clear, stating: 

“As someone who has seen a ton of these, I 100 percent do not suggest something generic. It's quite obvious from some people that they sent the same email to several people. These emails get ignored 90 percent of the time unless the hiring manager is desperate. As for the title, I suggest [you] to be very clear in what you are looking for, even if it's a little long. Example: "Expression of interest for XX-0X Position - [group name, ex: Policy Division] - Seeking Deployment Opportunity."

That’s why your email subject line needs to be a clear indicator of these few things:

• Who you are (name)
• The role you’re applying for
• Your qualifications, if applicable (MBA, CP, Ph.D…)

Email subject lines are rather short, even on a desktop (60 characters at most), but they’re even shorter in mobile inboxes. 

You need to be clear not only about why you’re reaching out, but also put the most important words at the beginning to ensure they’re seen. 

Sample subject line in an email to send to a recruiter

If you’re referred to by someone, that’s what you should include first. The subject line, in that case, might look something like this:

If you weren’t referred, here are a few other examples of email subject lines to a recruiter:

• Notice of Interest - [Job title you seek]
• Applying for [Position] – [Name] Resume
• “[Job title][Your name],[Your qualification or job title]

Step 2: Greeting

Keep your greeting simple and professional with a “Hello” or “Dear” followed by their first name. 

Just be sure to spell it correctly. They won’t take kindly to being called something other than their name, especially when you can generally just look at their email to ensure correct spelling. Check their LinkedIn profile if you are unsure.

Step 3: Introduction

The introduction of your email is the first line after your greeting, and it’s really more of a courtesy than anything else.

You don’t need to draw it out. One or two sentences explaining why you’re reaching out and how you found out about the opportunity is adequate, especially if you were referred to the role. If you were, be sure to name drop.

If you really want to stand out from the standard email though, get straight to your message and express your enthusiasm for the position with something that stands out. 

Sample intro in an email to send to a recruiter

Step 4: Qualifications and value proposition in your email body

Don’t just list your qualifications in your email as if it’s a resume. Instead, share the biggest highlights of your career in a conversational tone.

The best way to do this is to think through the outcomes you’ve produced in your position. If the role you’re applying for, or the roles you’ve had in the past, are not outcome based, consider how your work contributed to business goals. 

Maybe you’ve led a team that completed a detrimental project for the company. Maybe you’ve saved the company money somehow or increased the efficiency of an internal process. 

If former or current employers have benefited from your work in any way, share that. Then, of course, also share any certifications or earned titles, such as Ph.D.

Sample qualifications in an email to send to a recruiter

This works because it’s straightforward. Instead of oversharing, it dives right into the  results of past work. It wastes no time delivering the essential details that’ll help the recruiter make a decision.

Pro tip: Teal’s Job Tracker includes job application email templates tailored to your resume and cover letter.

Step 5: Call to Action

Point the reader in the direction you want them to take with confidence. Don’t leave it open-ended. 

For example, “please let me know if I’m a good fit” is too passive.

Instead, you want to be more assertive to earn the hiring manager's attention, urging them into action without coming across as entitled or pushy.

Sample call to action in an email to send to a recruiter

“Please see my resume attached to the link in my portfolio [URL] to check my samples and testimonials. My resume is also attached to this email. If I look like a fit, I'd love the opportunity to speak with you further on how I can apply my skills to [outcome] for [Company]. I'm available all Tuesday and Wednesday next week. Would you be up for a chat?”

Step 6: Best resume email closings and sign-offs

After asking for a meeting or closing with another call to action, thank the recruiter for their time and consideration. 

Sign off your email with a professional closing, such as "Best regards," "Sincerely," or "Thank you."

Include your full name, contact information, and any relevant links (such as your LinkedIn profile) in your email signature.

There are a few websites that make it easy to create a professional email signature . 

Sample signature in an email to send to a recruiter

You simply have to go into your email settings, to your signature, and paste your professional email signature there. From then on, every email you create will automatically include your signature. 

Step 7: Attaching your resume to a recruiter email

A lot of job applicants question whether or not they should email their resume as a word doc or a PDF file . 

A PDF has long been thought of as the clean and professional standard. They also have the advantage of maintaining your formatting, so recruiters will always see your resume as intended. 

But recently Word docs have been making a come back due to fears that ATS software isn’t able to read PDFs. 

However, as long as the text in the PDF isn't rasterized or cluttered with images and icons, an ATS should be able to read it. 

Annette Marie, a job seeker, shared this word of caution about using PDF resumes for job applications:

“The entire top portion of my PDF resume did not appear in the finished ATS scan, but everything appeared when I scanned my Word document (.docx). However, it’s worth mentioning that the top portion of my resume is within a text box, which may explain the issue. Just be cautious with shapes and objects, as they don’t seem to be compatible when using a PDF format. Nonetheless, the PDF still presents well for in-person interviews.”

Recruiters may sometimes favor Word doc resumes due to their ability to make changes, either to the formatting, or to remove certain items that might lead to unconscious bias (such as a picture).

Some recruiters might also need to remove contact information in order to protect your details and keep their clients from contacting you directly. 

But you’d have to be willing to have a recruiter alter your resume, potentially without consulting you. 

Unless they’re a career coach, a trusted friend, or a resume writing service, no one should be editing your resume. 

Step 8: Follow up on your recruiter email

There are several ways to follow up on a job application email, because, no, you don’t necessarily have to follow up via email.

• Email: It’s rare for recruiters to get through all of their emails in one sitting, so it might take a few days to get to yours. But, if you haven’t heard back in a couple of days, it’s safe to send an email reasserting your interest in the position.

Aside from re-expressing your interest, you might also want to ask when you’ll be able to connect with a hiring manager. You can also reattach your resume and cover letter. 

Sample follow up job application email template

Subject line: [Your Name] - Job Application Follow-up for [Position] at [Company] Hello [Hiring Manager's Name], A few weeks ago, I applied for the [Position Title with Hyperlink to the Application] role at [Company Name]. I'm very excited about this opportunity, so I wanted to reach out, introduce myself, and see if you have any details from the hiring manger about the decision timeline. I'm a [Your Current Job Title] at [Your Current Company Name] who's [insert relevant qualifications and/or accomplishments] over the last [X] years. In particular, I'm interested in [Company Name] because [mention specific reasons why you're interested and why you’re a good fit]. Please let me know if you have any questions about my application or require further information from me. I look forward to hearing from you soon and learning more about the timeline. I can't wait to share some of my ideas on [insert challenge or goal related to your desired new job title]. [Best/Kind regards/Thank you], [Your Name] [Your Phone Number] [Your LinkedIn]

• Phone: Resort to a phone call only after you haven’t heard back on your follow-up email. 
• LinkedIn: Try to avoid reaching out to a recruiter on LinkedIn unless that was their initial method of contacting you. The reason? It’s far more informal and some recruiters only use their LinkedIn for personal use, or may not check it regularly. 

Here’s a simple follow-up LinkedIn message template : 

Dear [Contact Name], I recently submitted my application for the [Position] at [Company], and I wanted to follow up to express my continued interest in the opportunity and inquire about the status of my application. I am excited about the possibility of joining the team at [Company], and I believe my skills and experience make me a strong fit for the [Position]. I am confident that my [mention of relevant skills, qualifications or experiences] would contribute to the success of the team and the company. If there are any additional materials or information I can provide to support my application, please let me know. I am eager to further discuss my qualifications and how I can contribute to the success of [Company]. Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to hearing from you soon. Best regards, [Your Name] [Your Phone Number]

Note: Within Teal’s Job Application Tracker, you’ll find job application email templates to get your started in crafting a personalized email to a recruiter.

Common mistakes to avoid when sending your resume via email

Most emails sent to a recruiter are canned—a template or exact copy of an email sent again and again with little to no alterations. And recruiters are sick of it. 

Jules Lalo, a recruiter , echoes this when with this statement:

“One of my pet peeves is a CV with no context [in the email] intro [so] I have to decipher what group level they are substantively. This has a huge impact on filtering later on.”

In other words, recruiters aren’t just asking for more details and personalization from you because they don’t like it. They simply need more details to help place you in a role or ensure you’re a right fit (and they want to be able to find your email later).

But a lack of context isn’t the only mistake many job seekers make when sending a job application email. Here are a few common mistakes recruiters see: 

Using an unprofessional email address

Elby James , a former HR associate and resume consultant, finds it shocking how often people send emails from unprofessional email addresses. 

“The email address should be a professional email address. I don't mind Gmail or AOL but really, how much does it cost to buy a domain name today? Especially when it is for something as important as your career.

I remember seeing email addresses such as [email protected] . [email protected] . [email protected] . ”

Spelling errors on your resume or in the email 

Spelling mistakes won’t be a make or break for all recruiters, but it can be a put off for many, especially in a short email. With tools like Grammarly available today, most recruiters don’t take kindly to spelling mistakes. 

Elby shares his thoughts on this as well:

“I abhor typos. Maybe this is the graduate English major inside of me acting out but really, there is no need for typos; there are two reasons I say this: The first reason is spell check… it’s free! The second reason is [that] a resume is an important document, you should check it as many times as possible.”

Try to avoid buzzwords

You might be keyword stuffing your resume to get into the candidate pool, but you shouldn’t apply that same logic to a recruiter email. And really, you should try to avoid overstuffing your resume as well. 

Recruiters will often use keyword stuffing as a mental filter. They’ll automatically toss any resume or email that overly-uses buzzwords.

They need to be able to tell what you do in the simplest of terms and with a quick glance. But if you’re using phrases like—“transformed big-thinking into actionable steps, aligning with business goals and channel objectives”—no one will understand you. 

Pro tip: Teal’s free Chrome Extension shares the top five keywords in a job posting for free, and Matching Mode helps you optimize your resume accordingly (meaning you only need to use the most important words).

Lack of personalization

It doesn’t take a lot to personalize an email to a recruiter. 

You’ll keep most of the details the same, like your qualifications and your call to action. But you’ll alter the company’s name, the recruiter’s name, and details about how you found out about the role. 

You’ll also want to alter anything pertinent to the role itself, such as how your experience applies. This isn’t the same for every role, and it’s very easy to tell if you aren’t paying attention to those differences. 

Recruiters want to know exactly how you fit that role, without digging. 

Start with a sample email to send a resume to a recruiter

As you may have caught on, recruiters see hundreds of resumes. They’re unsurprised by most stylings or attempts to be unique. But they’re far more numb to the generic resume emails they see all day.

So while it’s important to add personalization, get straight to your point, and include only the most compelling details in your email, you still need an email template to get started.

While recruiters may see a lot of emails, there’s truth to the job search being a numbers game. The longer you spend on one email, the longer you might be searching for a role. You might even miss out on some opportunities because you’re spending too much time on emailing a recruiter that will spend only seconds determining whether or not to put you in a candidate pool.

Using a sample resume email for recruiters as a template, you can speed up the process while adding some personalization. 

To find simple, but effective job application email templates, try Teal’s Resume Builder. Teal’s Job Application Tracker includes email templates to send your email to recruiters and hiring managers.

Frequently Asked Questions

What should you write in an email when sending a resume to a recruiter.

When sending a resume to a recruiter, keep your email concise and professional. Start with a clear subject line, greet the recruiter by name, briefly introduce yourself, highlight key achievements, include a call to action, and close with a professional sign-off.

What should you write when sending a CV via email?

When sending a CV via email, include a personalized greeting, a short introduction stating why you’re reaching out, and a summary of your qualifications and accomplishments. Add a clear call to action, thank the recruiter for their time, and attach your CV in a preferred format.

What should you write in an email subject line when sending a resume?

Your email subject line should clearly indicate who you are, the role you’re applying for, and any relevant qualifications. Examples include "Notice of Interest - [Job Title]", "Applying for [Position] – [Your Name]", or "[Job Title] - [Your Name], [Qualification]".

Sarah Colley

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