company analysis research paper

Company Analysis – The Beginning Step for Scholarly Research

International Journal of Case Studies in Business, IT and Education (IJCSBE), 1(1), 1-18. DOI: doi/10.5281/zenodo.573769.

18 Pages Posted: 10 May 2017

P. S. Aithal

Poornaprajna College

Date Written: May 10, 2017

Company analysis is the important type of case method in Research Methodology and is commonly used by the beginners of scholarly research. A case study based management research and teaching pedagogy are adopted by many business schools with the belief that it is a most powerful way to study and learn new lessons required to identify, understand, and solve the problems in the process of managing and leading the organizations. Developing a business case on various managing aspects of a company and analysing case forces students to grapple with exactly the kinds of situations, decisions, and dilemmas managers confront every day. Company analysis is a powerful tool in developing both research case study and teaching case study in business management subject. Compared to industry analysis, company analysis gives focused and deeper insight into a company and its business in terms of challenges and opportunities. In this paper, we have discussed the procedure of writing company focussed case study based on a newly developed company analysis framework. We also recommend the Company analysis as a class of case study methodology in management research for the beginners and budding researchers as a beginning step in scholarly research.

Keywords: Company analysis, Business case study, Company analysis as research methodology, Company analysis as case study

Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation

P. S. Aithal (Contact Author)

Poornaprajna college ( email ).

Poornaprajna Institute of Management Udupi District Karnataka India +919343348392 (Phone)

HOME PAGE: http://www.pim.ac.in

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Company Analysis Report: Examples, Templates, Components

Home Blog Business Management Company Analysis Report: Examples, Templates, Components

Company analysis is a thorough assessment of a company's performance for deep understanding of its current state and future potential. It involves a thorough assessment of various aspects, including financial stability, market presence, and competitive advantage, to uncover valuable insights. These insights are crucial for investors, creditors, and business partners in making effective decisions and formulating strategies.

Company analysis report focuses on examining a company’s financial performance, shedding light on essential indicators such as revenue growth, profitability ratios, liquidity position, and efficiency metrics. By closely analyzing these financial aspects, we gain insights into the company's financial health, stability, and its ability to generate sustainable returns. Additionally, operational efficiency metrics provide valuable information on the company's effectiveness in delivering products or services to the market.

In addition to the company performance analysis report, it also includes a SWOT analysis report, which assesses the company's internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as external opportunities and threats.

What is a Company Analysis Report?

Business analysis report of a company is a comprehensive assessment of it’s performance, operations, and strategic position. The Company Analysis report gives insights into the company's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats thus allowing stakeholders to make informed decisions. Writing a report on company analysis typically includes an evaluation of various components such as business opportunities, market planning, customer segmentation, territory design, marketing strategies, and more.

Business analysts play a vital role in gathering and analyzing data, identifying business requirements, and proposing solutions to improve operational efficiency and achieve business objectives. Therefore, incorporating the best Business Analyst training practices enhances the quality and accuracy of the analysis.

Components to Analyze Business Opportunities

1. market planning.

• Market Segmentation: Divide the target market into distinct groups based on characteristics such as demographics, psychographics, and behavior.
• Target Market Selection: Determine the most attractive market segments to focus on based on their size, growth potential, profitability, and alignment with the company's capabilities.
• Positioning Strategy: Define how the company wants to be perceived in the market relative to its competitors, emphasizing unique value propositions and differentiation.
• Marketing Mix: Develop strategies for product/service, pricing, distribution, and promotion to effectively reach and engage the target market.

2. Customer Segmentation

• Identify Customer Needs: Understand the needs, preferences, and pain points of different customer segments to tailor products, services, and marketing messages accordingly.
• Customer Profiling: Create detailed profiles of each customer segment, including demographics, psychographics, purchasing behavior, and motivations.
• Customer Lifetime Value: Assess the long-term value of each customer segment to prioritize resource allocation and develop customer retention strategies.

3. Territory Design

• Geographic Analysis: Evaluate geographical areas and regions to determine market potential, customer density, and logistical considerations.
• Sales Territory Allocation: Divide the market into sales territories , considering factors such as customer distribution, sales potential, and sales rep capacity.
• Resource Allocation: Determine the allocation of sales, marketing, and operational resources across different territories based on their strategic importance and potential.

4. Marketing

• Marketing Strategies: Develop strategies for branding, advertising, digital marketing, public relations, and customer relationship management to effectively reach and engage the target market.
• Campaign Evaluation: Measure the success of marketing campaigns by evaluating important metrics.
• Customer Feedback Analysis: Analyze customer feedback, reviews, and surveys to identify areas for improvement and gather insights for future marketing efforts.

Business analysts play a crucial role in understanding market dynamics, gathering and analyzing data, and translating insights into actionable strategies. KnowledgeHut best Business Analyst training offers a comprehensive curriculum that covers various aspects of market analysis, customer profiling, and marketing strategies.

How to Write a Company Analysis?

Writing a business analysis report of a company involves a structured approach to examine the company's performance, operations, and strategic position. Below are the steps:

1. Preparation

• Define the purpose and scope of the analysis.
• Collect relevant data and information about the company, its industry, competitors, and market trends.
• Identify the key stakeholders and their information needs.

2. Structure

• Executive Summary: Provide a concise overview of the report's findings and recommendations.
• Study Introduction: Introduce the company and its background, including its mission, vision, and core values.
• Methodology: Explain the research methods, data sources, and analytical tools used.
• Review of Statistics: Give a detailed analysis of each component, including market analysis, SWOT analysis, financial analysis, etc.
• Conclusion: Give a summary of the main findings and insights derived from the analysis
• References: Citations of the sources used in the report, ensuring credibility and transparency.

3. Presentation

• Use clear and concise language.
• Include visual aids such as charts, graphs, and tables to support the analysis.
• Organize the report in a logical and structured manner.
• Provide an unbiased evaluation that presents both the strengths and weaknesses of the company

Business Management training equips professionals with the necessary skills in strategic planning, organizational analysis, and decision-making. By incorporating principles and techniques learned in business management training, analysts can provide valuable insights and recommendations to drive business success.

What Should be Included in the Company Analysis Report?

 1. executive summary.

An executive summary is a condensed version of a comprehensive document or report. It provides an overview of the full report's essential points, key findings, and recommended actions. The executive summary is a valuable tool for quickly sharing the main points and significance of the report. It helps communicate the key findings and recommendations in a concise way without reading the entire report.

2. Study Introduction

The study introduction provides a concise overview of the company, its industry, and the purpose of the analysis. It summarizes the key aspects of the company, like its history, mission, and organizational structure. It also highlights its products or services and target market. Lastly, it clearly states the purpose of the analysis.

3. Methodology

The methodology section provides a concise explanation of the research methods, data sources, and analytical tools used. It outlines the approach taken to gather and analyze information. This includes describing the primary and secondary research methods employed. It also highlights the key data sources utilized, such as financial reports, industry publications, market research reports, and academic studies.

4. Review of Statistics

A review of statistics in a company analysis report is an essential aspect of evaluating the performance and financial health of a company. The review of the statistics section provides a detailed report of various aspects of the company such as market analysis, SWOT analysis, financial analysis, and more. This section gives an in-depth analysis of each aspect, with supporting data thus providing valuable insights

5. Conclusion

The conclusion of a company analysis report summarizes the key findings and insights derived from the analysis. It provides an overview of the company's performance, financial health, and overall outlook. The conclusion serves as a concise summary of the main findings and insights derived from the analysis. It highlights the major findings of the entire company analysis report. The conclusion also includes recommendations based on the analysis.

6. References

In a company analysis report, references refer to the information sources used to gather data and support the analysis and conclusions presented in the report. Including references in a company analysis report is essential for providing credibility and allowing readers to verify the sources of information and data used in the analysis.

Importance of Company Analysis Reporting

• Decision Making:  Company analysis reports provide essential information and insights that aid decision making. These reports are assessed by investors and shareholders before investing in a company. The analysis helps them evaluate the company's financial strength, growth potential, and overall performance.
• Risk Assessment: Company analysis reports assist in assessing the risks associated with a company. By evaluating factors such as financial stability, market position, industry trends, and competitive landscape, stakeholders can identify potential risks.
• Performance Evaluation : Analysis reports enable stakeholders to evaluate the company's performance against its objectives, competitors, and industry benchmarks. By reviewing key financial metrics, operational efficiency, market share, and other relevant factors, stakeholders gain insights into the company's strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement.
• Transparency and Accountability : Company analysis reports promote transparency and accountability. These reports contain detailed information about the company's financial position, performance, and strategies. These reports allow stakeholders to hold the company's management accountable for their actions and decisions.
• Investor Relations: For publicly traded companies, analysis reports play a crucial role in maintaining positive investor relations. These reports provide shareholders and potential investors with a comprehensive understanding of the company's financial performance, prospects, and risks. Thereby influencing investment decisions and investor confidence.
• Strategic Planning:  Company analysis reports support strategic planning by providing valuable insights into the company's internal and external environment. This information helps management identify areas for improvement, formulate business strategies, allocate resources effectively, and make informed decisions to drive the company's growth and success.
• Regulatory Compliance: Analysis reports contribute to regulatory compliance, particularly for publicly traded companies that are required to disclose financial information to regulatory bodies and stakeholders. By adhering to reporting standards and providing accurate and transparent data, companies demonstrate compliance and maintain trust with regulators and the market.

Company Analysis Report Examples

Here is a company analysis report sample PDF template

• Sample Company Analysis Report Template
• Company Investment Analysis Report Template
• Company Financial Analysis Report Template

In conclusion, a company analysis report serves as a valuable tool for stakeholders to assess a company's performance, financial health, and prospects. It helps evaluate performance, identify business opportunities, and make informed decisions. The report enables stakeholders to make informed investment decisions by providing transparent and accurate information. 

It also fosters transparency, strengthens investor relations, and supports regulatory compliance. Ultimately, the company analysis report serves as a comprehensive source of information, empowering stakeholders to understand the company's position, identify areas for improvement, and drive its growth and success. By evaluating various components such as market planning, customer segmentation, and marketing strategies, stakeholders can gain insights to drive productivity, innovation, and continuous improvement within the organization.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

• Executive summary: This is a concise overview of the entire company analysis report
• Study introduction: This section introduces the purpose and scope of the company analysis.
• Methodology: The methodology section outlines the approach and methods used to conduct the company analysis.
• Review of statistics: This section presents and analyzes relevant statistics and data related to the company's performance, financials, market position, or any other relevant metrics
• Conclusion: The conclusion section provides a summary of the main findings and insights from the analysis.
• References: This section lists the sources and references cited throughout the company analysis report

Limited data availability, biased information, complex market dynamics, and accurate forecasting of future trends.

The factors considered in company analysis include financial performance, market positioning, industry trends, management competence, competitive landscape, growth strategies, risk factors, stakeholder analysis, customer segmentation, regulatory factors, and the company's strategic initiatives.

To make informed investment decisions, evaluate partnerships, negotiate contracts, and develop strategic plans aligned with company goals.

Investors, financial analysts, potential partners, and stakeholders seeking insights into a company's viability and potential.

Mansoor Mohammed

Mansoor Mohammed is a dynamic and energetic Enterprise Agile Coach, P3M & PMO Consultant, Trainer, Mentor, and Practitioner with over 20 years of experience in Strategy Execution and Business Agility. With a background in Avionics, Financial Services, Banking, Telecommunications, Retail, and Digital, Mansoor has led global infrastructure and software development teams, launched innovative products, and enabled Organizational Change Management. As a results-driven leader, he excels in collaborating, adapting, and driving partnerships with stakeholders at all levels. With expertise in Change Management, Transformation, Lean, Agile, and Organizational Design, Mansoor is passionate about aligning strategic goals and delivering creative solutions for successful business outcomes. Connect with him to explore change, Agile Governance, implementation delivery, and the future of work.

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Company & Industry Research Guide

6 steps for a company analysis.

• Company Research
• Industry Research
• Competitive Analysis
• Research Assignments
• Academic Writing & Citing

1.   Begin with a macro (big picture) environmental scan.  Drill down to a micro (specific industry/company) scan.  Look at the financial statements of a company from at least the past 5 years.  To find this information, use:

2.   Find competitors.  Compare and contrast.  Use the NAICS or SIC code to find competitors.  Use:   IBISWorld

3.   Use:

to identify the size of the market for your company and how it compares to the rest of the industry.  Market share information can also be found in business articles that appear in magazines or newspapers.  You may have to use:

to find this information.

4.   Look at:

for objective, third-party, updated analyses of current statuses, as well as 3-5 years projections of the company you're interested in.

5.   SWOT Analysis (Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities & threats).  You may find this information using:

You may be able to draw conclusions about the company/industry by following the steps above.

6.  The steps above are a recursive process that you will repeat many times.  You may find an article and/or an update about your company an hour before your assignment is due.

Adapted from Business Writing 3016

This page is from  Business Writing 3016  maintained by Alfred Mowdood and Lorelei Rutledge. 

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How to Write a Business Analysis Report [Examples and Templates]

Table of contents

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Business analysis reports are a lot like preparing a delicious meal.

Sometimes, the recipe is simple enough that you only need to use the basic ingredients. Other times, you will have to follow specific instructions to ensure those tasty delicacies turn out just right.

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What Is a Business Analysis Report?

Why is analytical reporting important, what should be included in a business analysis report, how do you write a business analysis report, business data analysis report examples and templates.

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A business analysis report provides information about the current situation of your company. This report is usually created by the management to help in the decision-making process and is usually used by other departments within a company.

Business analysis reports can either focus your research on the effectiveness of an existing business process or a proposed new process. Besides, an effective business analysis report should also assess the results to determine if the process changes had a positive or negative effect on the company’s goals. In fact, according to Databox’s State of business reporting , an overwhelming majority of companies said that reporting improved their performance.

Analytical reports are the bridge that connects your company to an effective, data-driven business intelligence strategy . By leveraging analytical reports , you can make informed decisions about your organization’s most critical issues. You will no longer need to rely on gut instinct or anecdotal evidence when assessing risks, threats, and opportunities. Instead, you will have access to a wealth of reliable data to inform your decisions.

Here are some essential benefits of analytical reporting:

• Improve communication and foster collaboration – The most obvious benefit of business analysis report writing is an improvement in communication between all stakeholders involved in the project. Also, analytical business reports can help you to generate more trust and foster better collaboration among your employees and colleagues. By using data analytics reporting tools , you will be able to monitor your employees’ performance on a day-to-day basis. This will allow you to hold them accountable for their actions and give them greater freedom within the business as they know that their superiors have faith in their decision-making capabilities.
• Increase productivity – Without this level of shared insight, businesses struggle to stay on top of their most important tasks and can become less efficient. An effective analytical business report provides the information needed for more efficient internal processes and helps you find more time for strategic activities such as improving your business strategy or working on long-term goals .
• Innovation – In today’s digital age, the pressure to innovate was never greater. When consumers basically have everything they want at their fingertips, stepping up to the plate with a new and improved product or service has never been more important. With an accessible dashboard in place, you will be able to create data-driven narratives for each of your business’ critical functions. For example, if you are a software company, you can use the insights gained from report analysis done with your dashboard software to tailor your product development efforts to the actual needs of your customers. By doing so, you will be able to develop products that are better tailored to specific customer groups. You can also use the same information for developing new marketing strategies and campaigns.
• Continuous business evolution – When it comes to digital businesses, data is everything. No model lasts forever, so having access to a business dashboard software that allows you to constantly keep tabs on your business’ performance will help you refine it as time goes on. If there are any glitches in your business model, or if something isn’t panning out as expected, the insight offered by a business analysis report can help you improve upon what works while scrapping what doesn’t.

A business analysis report has several components that need to be included to give a thorough description of the topic at hand. The structure and length of business analysis reports can vary depending on the needs of the project or task.

They can be broken down into different sections that include an:

• Executive summary
• Study introduction
• Methodology
• Review of statistics

Reports of this nature may also include case studies or examples in their discussion section.

A report can be written in a formal or informal tone, depending on the audience and purpose of the document. While a formal tone is best for executives , an informal tone is more appropriate for technical audiences . It is also a good idea to use something like an executive summary template to report on the results repeatedly with ease.

A good business analysis report is detailed and provides recommendations in the form of actionable steps. Here we have listed some simple steps that you need to follow to write a good business analysis report. Report writing is a major part of the business analysis process. In this section, you will learn how to write a report for your company:

Preparation

Presentation.

Obtain an overview of what you want to analyze in the business report . For example, if you are writing a business analysis report on how to improve customer service at an insurance company, you will want to look through all the customer service processes to determine where the problems lie. The more prepared you are when starting a project, the easier it will be to get results. Here is what your preparation should look like:

Set your goals

The first step in writing this document is to set your goals . What do you hope to accomplish with this paper? Do you need to assess the company’s finances? Are you looking for ways to make improvements? Or do you have outside investors who want to know if they should buy into the company? Once you know what your goal is, then you can begin setting up your project.

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Like most marketers and marketing managers, you want to know how well your efforts are translating into results each month. How much traffic and new contact conversions do you get? How many new contacts do you get from organic sessions? How are your email campaigns performing? How well are your landing pages converting? You might have to scramble to put all of this together in a single report, but now you can have it all at your fingertips in a single Databox dashboard.

Our Marketing Overview Dashboard includes data from Google Analytics 4 and HubSpot Marketing with key performance metrics like:

• Sessions . The number of sessions can tell you how many times people are returning to your website. Obviously, the higher the better.
• New Contacts from Sessions . How well is your campaign driving new contacts and customers?
• Marketing Performance KPIs . Tracking the number of MQLs, SQLs, New Contacts and similar will help you identify how your marketing efforts contribute to sales.
• Email Performance . Measure the success of your email campaigns from HubSpot. Keep an eye on your most important email marketing metrics such as number of sent emails, number of opened emails, open rate, email click-through rate, and more.
• Blog Posts and Landing Pages . How many people have viewed your blog recently? How well are your landing pages performing?

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Step 1: Get the template 

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Assess the Company’s Mission

It’s almost impossible to write a business analysis report without access to the company’s mission statement. Even if you don’t plan on using the mission statement as part of your business analysis summary, it can help you understand the company’s culture and goals. Mission statements are typically short and easy to read, but they may not include every area of focus that you want to include in your report.

Thus, it is important to use other sources when possible. For example, if you are writing a business analysis report for a small start-up company that is just beginning to market its product or service, review the company website or talk directly with management to learn what they believe will be most crucial in growing the company from the ground up.

Stakeholder Analysis

Who is your audience? Create the reader’s persona and tailor all information to their perspective. Create a stakeholder map that identifies all the groups, departments, functions, and individuals involved in this project (and any other projects related to this one). Your stakeholder map should include a description of each group’s role.

Review Financial Performance

Review the financing of the business and determine whether there are any potential threats to the company’s ability to meet its future financial obligations. This includes reviewing debt payments and ownership equity compared with other types of financing such as accounts receivable, cash reserves, and working capital. Determine whether there have been any changes in the funding over time, such as an increase in long-term debt or a decrease in owners’ equity.

Apart from reviewing your debt payments and ownership equity with other types of financing, wouldn’t it be great if you could compare your financial performance to companies that are exactly like yours? With Databox, this can be done in less than 3 minutes.

For example, by  joining this benchmark group , you can better understand your gross profit margin performance and see how metrics like income, gross profit, net income, net operating increase, etc compare against businesses like yours.

One piece of data that you would be able to discover is the average gross profit a month for B2B, B2C, SaaS and eCommerce. Knowing that you perform better than the median may help you evaluate your current business strategy and identify the neccessary steps towards improving it.

Instantly and Anonymously Benchmark Your Company’s Performance Against Others Just Like You

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• How does our marketing stack up against our competitors?
• Are our salespeople as productive as reps from similar companies?
• Are our profit margins as high as our peers?

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When you join Benchmark Groups, you will:

• Get instant, up-to-date data on how your company stacks up against similar companies based on the metrics most important to you. Explore benchmarks for dozens of metrics, built on anonymized data from thousands of companies and get a full 360° view of your company’s KPIs across sales, marketing, finance, and more.
• Understand where your business excels and where you may be falling behind so you can shift to what will make the biggest impact. Leverage industry insights to set more effective, competitive business strategies. Explore where exactly you have room for growth within your business based on objective market data.
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The best part?

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• The data is 100% anonymized. No other company will be able to see your performance, and you won’t be able to see the performance of individual companies either.

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Examine the “Four P’s”

“Four P’s” — product , price , place, and promotion . Here’s how they work:

• Product — What is the product? How does it compare with those of competitors? Is it in a position to gain market share?
• Price — What is the price of the product? Is it what customers perceive as a good value?
• Place — Where will the product be sold? Will existing distribution channels suffice or should new channels be considered?
• Promotion — Are there marketing communications efforts already in place or needed to support the product launch or existing products?

Evaluate the Company Structure

A business analysis report examines the structure of a company, including its management, staff, departments, divisions, and supply chain. It also evaluates how well-managed the company is and how efficient its supply chain is. In order to develop a strong strategy, you need to be able to analyze your business structure.

When writing a business analysis report, it’s important to make sure you structure your work properly. You want to impress your readers with a clear and logical layout, so they will be able to see the strengths of your recommendations for improving certain areas of the business. A badly written report can completely ruin an impression, so follow these steps to ensure you get it right the first time.

A typical business analysis report is formatted as a cover page , an executive summary , information sections, and a summary .

• A cover page contains the title and author of the report, the date, a contact person, and reference numbers.
• The information section is backed up by data from the work you’ve done to support your findings, including charts and tables. Also, includes all the information that will help you make decisions about your project. Experience has shown that the use of reputable study materials, such as  StuDocu  and others, might serve you as a great assistant in your findings and project tasks.
• A summary is a short overview of the main points that you’ve made in the report. It should be written so someone who hasn’t read your entire document can understand exactly what you’re saying. Use it to highlight your main recommendations for how to change your project or organization in order to achieve its goals.
• The last section of a business analysis report is a short list of references that include any websites or documents that you used in your research. Be sure to note if you created or modified any of these documents — it’s important to give credit where credit is due.

The Process of Investigation

Explain the problem – Clearly identify the issue and determine who is affected by it. You should include a detailed description of the problem you are analyzing, as well as an in-depth analysis of its components and effects. If you’re analyzing a small issue on a local scale, make sure that your report reflects this scale. That way, if someone else reads your work who had no idea about its context or scope, they would still be able to understand it.

Explain research methods – There are two ways to do this. Firstly, you can list the methods you’ve used in the report to determine your actions’ success and failure. Secondly, you should add one or two new methods to try instead. Always tell readers how you came up with your answer or what data you used for your report. If you simply tell them that the company needs to improve customer service training then they won’t know what kind of data led you to that conclusion. Also, if there were several ways of addressing a problem, discuss each one and why it might not work or why it may not be appropriate for the company at this time.

Analyze data – Analyzing data is an integral part of any business decision, whether it’s related to the costs of manufacturing a product or predicting consumer behavior. Business analysis reports typically focus on one aspect of an organization and break down that aspect into several parts — all of which must be analyzed in order to come to a conclusion about the original topic.

The Outcome of Each Investigation Stage

The recommendations and actions will usually follow from the business objectives not being met. For example, if one of your goals was to decrease costs then your recommendations would include optimization strategies for cost reduction . If you have more than one suggestion you should make a list of the pros and cons of each one. You can make several recommendations in one report if they are related. In addition, make sure that every recommendation has supporting arguments to back them up.

Report Summary

Every business analysis report should start with a summary. It’s the first thing people see and it needs to capture their attention and interest. The report summary can be created in two ways, depending on the nature of the report:

• If the report is a brief one, that simply gives a summary of the findings, then it can be created as part of the executive summary.
• But if it’s a long report, it could be too wordy to summarise. In this case, you can create a more detailed overview that covers all the main aspects of the project from both an internal and external point of view.

Everything comes down to this section. A presentation is designed to inform, persuade and influence decision-makers to take the next action steps.

Sometimes a slide or two can make them change their mind or open new horizons. These days, digital dashboards are becoming increasingly popular when it comes to presenting data in business reports. Dashboards combine different visualizations into one place, allowing users to get an overview of the information they need at a glance rather than searching through a bunch of documents or spreadsheets trying.

Databox offers dynamic and accessible digital dashboards that will help you to convert raw data into a meaningful story. And the best part is that you can do it with a ‘blink of an eye’ even if you don’t have any coding or designs skills. There is also an option of individual report customization so that you can tailor any dashboard to your own needs.

Pre-made dashboard templates can be extremely useful when creating your own business analysis report. While examples serve as inspiration, templates allow you to create reports quickly and easily without having to spend time (and money) developing the underlying data models.

Databox dashboard templates come with some of the most common pre-built metrics and KPIs different types of businesses track across different departments. In order to create powerful business insights within minutes, all you need to do is download any of our free templates and connect your data source — the metrics will populate automatically.

Business Report Examples and Templates

Databox business dashboard examples are simple and powerful tools for tracking your business KPIs and performance. These dashboards can be used by executive teams and managers as well as by senior management, marketing, sales, customer support, IT, accounting, and other departments. If you are new to this kind of reporting, you may not know how to set up a dashboard or what metrics should be displayed on it. This is where a premade template for business dashboards comes in handy.

For example, this Google Ads Report Template is designed to give you a simple way to keep track of your campaigns’ performance over time, and it’s a great resource for anyone who uses Google’s advertising platform, regardless of whether they’re an SMB, an SME or an enterprise.

KPI Report Examples and Templates

KPIs are the foundation of any business analysis, and they can come in a multitude of forms. While we’ve defined KPIs as metrics or measurements that allow you to assess the effectiveness of a given process, department, or team, there are a number of ways to evaluate your KPIs. Through the use of color-coding, user-friendly graphs and charts, and an intuitive layout, your KPIs should be easy for anyone to understand. A good way to do this is by having a dedicated business analyst on your team who can take on the task of gathering data, analyzing it, and presenting it in a way that will drive actionable insights. However, if you don’t have a dedicated analyst or don’t want to spend money on one, you can still create KPI reporting dashboards using free KPI Databox templates and examples .

For example, this Sales Overview template is a great resource for managers who want to get an overview of their sales team’s performance and KPIs. It’s perfect for getting started with business analysis, as it is relatively easy to understand and put together.

Performance Report Examples and Templates

All businesses, regardless of size or industry, need to know how well they are performing in order to make the best decisions for their company and improve overall ROI. A performance dashboard is a strategic tool used to track key metrics across different departments and provide insight into the health of a business. Databox has a collection of 50+ Performance Dashboard Examples and Templates which are available for free download.

For example, if your business is investing a lot into customer support, we recommend tracking your customer service performance with this Helpscout Mailbox Dashboard which will give you insights into conversations, your team’s productivity, customer happiness score, and more.

Executive Report Examples and Templates

An executive dashboard is a visual representation of the current state of a business. The main purpose of an executive dashboard is to enable business leaders to quickly identify opportunities, identify areas for improvement, pinpoint issues, and make data-informed decisions for driving sales growth, new product launches, and overall business growth. When an executive dashboard is fully developed, as one of these 50+ Databox Free Executive Examples and Templates , it offers a single view of the most important metrics for a business at a glance.

For example, you probably have more than one set of financial data tracked using an executive dashboard software : invoices, revenue reports (for accounting), income statements, to mention a few. If you want to view all this data in one convenient place, or even create a custom report that gives you a better picture of your business’s financial health, this Stripe Dashboard Template is a perfect solution for you.

Metrics Report Examples and Templates

Choosing the right metrics for your business dashboard can be crucial to helping you meet your business objectives, evaluate your performance, and get insights into how your business is operating. Metrics dashboards are used by senior management to measure the performance of their company on a day-to-day basis. They are also used by mid-level managers to determine how their teams are performing against individual goals and objectives. Databox provides 50+ Free Metrics Dashboard Examples and Templates that you can use to create your company’s own dashboards. Each is unique and will depend on your business needs.

For example, if you are looking for ways to track the performance of your DevOps team, and get the latest updates on projects quickly – from commits, and repository status, to top contributors to your software development projects, this GitHub Overview Dashboard is for you.

Small Business Report Examples and Templates

A lot of small business owners don’t realize how important it is to have a proper dashboard in place until they actually use one. A dashboard can help you track and compare different metrics, benchmark your performance against industry averages, evaluate the effectiveness of your marketing and sales strategies, track financials, and much more. So if you’re looking for a tool to help you measure and manage your small business’ performance, try some of these 50+ Free Small Business Dashboard Examples and Templates .

For example, this Quickbooks Dashboard template can help you get a clear understanding of your business’s financial performance, ultimately allowing you to make better-informed decisions that will drive growth and profitability.

Agency Report Examples and Templates

Agency dashboards are not a new concept. They have been around for years and are used by companies all over the world. Agency dashboards can be powerful tools for improving your marketing performance, increasing client loyalty, and landing new clients. There is no single correct way to create an agency dashboard. Everyone has their own goals and objectives, which will ultimately determine which data points you choose to include or track using a client dashboard software , but with these Databox 100+ Free Agency Dashboard Examples and Templates you have plenty of options to start with.

For example, you can use this Harvest Clients Time Report to easily see how much time your employees spend working on projects for a particular client, including billable hours and billable amount split by projects.

Better Business Reporting with Databox

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Databox can be a helpful tool for business leaders who are required to analyze data, hold frequent meetings, and generate change in their organizations. From improving the quality and accessibility of your reporting to tracking critical performance metrics in one place, and sharing performance metrics with your peers and team members in a cohesive, presentable way, allow Databox to be your personal assistant in these processes, minimize the burdens of reporting and ensure you always stay on top of your metrics game.

Sign up today for free to start streamlining your business reporting process.

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Strategic Analysis

The process of conducting research on a company and its operating environment to formulate a strategy

What is Strategic Analysis?

Strategic analysis refers to the process of conducting research on a company and its operating environment to formulate a strategy. The definition of strategic analysis may differ from an academic or business perspective, but the process involves several common factors:

• Identifying and evaluating data relevant to the company’s strategy
• Defining the internal and external environments to be analyzed
• Using several analytic methods such as Porter’s five forces analysis, SWOT analysis , and value chain analysis

What is Strategy?

A strategy is a plan of actions taken by managers to achieve the company’s overall goal and other subsidiary goals. It often determines the success of a company. In strategy, a company is essentially asking itself, “Where do you want to play and how are you going to win?” The following guide gives a high-level overview of business strategy, its implementation, and the processes that lead to business success.

Vision, Mission, and Values

To develop a business strategy, a company needs a very well-defined understanding of what it is and what it represents. Strategists need to look at the following:

• Vision – What it wants to achieve in the future (5-10 years)
• Mission Statement – What business a company is in and how it rallies people
• Values – The fundamental beliefs of an organization reflecting its commitments and ethics

After gaining a deep understanding of the company’s vision, mission, and values, strategists can help the business undergo a strategic analysis. The purpose of a strategic analysis is to analyze an organization’s external and internal environment, assess current strategies, and generate and evaluate the most successful strategic alternatives.

Strategic Analysis Process

The following infographic demonstrates the strategic analysis process:

1. Perform an environmental analysis of current strategies

Starting from the beginning, a company needs to complete an environmental analysis of its current strategies. Internal environment considerations include issues such as operational inefficiencies, employee morale, and constraints from financial issues. External environment considerations include political trends, economic shifts, and changes in consumer tastes.

2. Determine the effectiveness of existing strategies

A key purpose of a strategic analysis is to determine the effectiveness of the current strategy amid the prevailing business environment. Strategists must ask themselves questions such as: Is our strategy failing or succeeding? Will we meet our stated goals? Does our strategy align with our vision, mission, and values?

3. Formulate plans

If the answer to the questions posed in the assessment stage is “No” or “Unsure,” we undergo a planning stage where the company proposes strategic alternatives. Strategists may propose ways to keep costs low and operations leaner. Potential strategic alternatives include changes in capital structure, changes in supply chain management, or any other alternative to a business process.

4. Recommend and implement the most viable strategy

Lastly, after assessing strategies and proposing alternatives, we reach a recommendation. After assessing all possible strategic alternatives, we choose to implement the most viable and quantitatively profitable strategy. After producing a recommendation, we iteratively repeat the entire process. Strategies must be implemented, assessed, and re-assessed. They must change because business environments are not static.

Levels of Strategy

Strategic plans involve three levels in terms of scope:

1. Corporate-level (Portfolio)

At the highest level, corporate strategy involves high-level strategic decisions that will help a company sustain a competitive advantage and remain profitable in the foreseeable future. Corporate-level decisions are all-encompassing of a company.

2. Business-level

At the median level of strategy are business-level decisions. The business-level strategy focuses on market position to help the company gain a competitive advantage in its own industry or other industries.

3. Functional-level

At the lowest level are functional-level decisions. They focus on activities within and between different functions, aimed at improving the efficiency of the overall business. These strategies are focused on particular functions and groups.

Related Readings

Thank you for reading CFI’s guide to Strategic Analysis. To keep learning and advancing your career, the following CFI resources will be helpful:

• Business Life Cycle
• Competitive Advantage
• Industry Analysis
• Types of Financial Analysis
• See all management & strategy resources
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Amazon Company Analysis Research Paper

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Amazon.com is a transnational electronic commerce organization founded in 1994 by an American named Jeff Bezos. The company is the largest online retailer in America dealing with a wide range of consumer products such as books and other products (“Your Amazon.com,” 2010). Since the time it was established, Amazon.com has acquired five different businesses.

The company started by selling books and now deals with a range of other consumer products. These vary from a database technology to videos. It has also expanded to the European market where it has established separate websites. The success of this company can be attributed to its low competitive prices and the simplicity of making purchases from anywhere.

SWOT analysis is the internal review of an organization’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and external environment threats, which influence its strategic decisions. Kotler (1988) has noted that a company should keep evaluating its strengths, weaknesses, risks, and opportunities if it has to survive in a competitive marketing environment.

Amazon Company is one of the profitable businesses dealing with online products (Longo, 2009). The company has adopted major initiatives towards meeting the varied needs of its consumers that gave yield to the increased profits.

The first issue facing the online store is that despite its increased profits, it usually experience periodic loses. These huge losses are due to a large amount of capital used in its establishment, poor implementation of some strategies, promotions of its products, and seasonality of its purchases.

In 2005, for example, the turnover for one hundred days to June dropped by thirty-two percent to $52m compared to $76m during the same period one year later. Therefore, the company should continue implementing strategies such as the practice of CRM as a technique for fulfilling its objectives (Byers, 2007, p.69).

It should also maintain the use of IT in assisting its business strategy as this will ensure that it cautiously documents all the relevant information related to customer buying behavior. This strategy is beneficial in providing people with particular items, or package of assorted items, based on preferences shown, through a collection of things bought or online products visited.

The strategy of providing free shipping to its consumers would undoubtedly decrease its returns. Although, it is a fair strategy since a person may consider purchasing similar products from a local shop at no added costs. Nevertheless, it is rumored that delivery costs could reach $500m, and such an amount is detrimental to the longevity of the online retailer.

Therefore, the management should reconsider this expensive strategy since transportation costs are increasing due to the high fuel price increments. Moreover, the periodic losses are also due to the seasonality of its purchases. The items that the company sells tend to be purchased on a seasonal basis; hence, this makes its revenues to fluctuate.

These items are most of the time purchased as gifts during holiday seasons. This makes most products to be sold at certain times of the year. To manage this issue efficiently, the management should consider trading in overseas markets in different cultures and such a situation will not be persistent. The growth of sales during the off-season can also be facilitated by introducing a membership facility to offer clients benefits during such times.

Secondly, Amazon is at the risk of deteriorating its established brand. Amazon is a significant global brand recognized for many reasons. The brand was one of the initial versions of dotcoms (Ehrlich, 1999). During the previous decade, it reached an estimated number of thirty million clients. Amazon took an early advantage of online technologies for establishing e-commerce.

This enabled it to be one of the earliest online retailers. However, as the company continues to add more products on its website, it risks deteriorating its brand. Microsoft, for example, is well known for computer software products. Imagine if Microsoft decided to diversify and start selling books. This will confuse its customers and put its brand at risk. Similarly, many of the new products, for instance, automotive products, might bewilder Amazon’s consumers.

Also, to avoid deteriorating its brand, Amazon can capitalize on several opportunities that can enable its continued growth within the marketplace. The company can build specialist connections with publishers to provide exclusive editions on its website as well as launch proprietary rights with authors. This would give a point of difference within the retail market and create aroused expansion through followers of particular artists. The company has the opportunity of adding more investment in fulfillment.

This would boost the level of actual client service and meet the needs and requirements of the purchasers since it depends on customer expectations to provide repeat purchases and prolonged existence. The company can sell its skills to various store groups. For instance, the British retailer Marks and Spencer, Target, and Toys-R-Us all agreed to corporate with the firm in online retailing.

The company can also exploit other opportunities that come from the entrance into new markets such as its new Luxembourg-based division seeks to provide retailers in Europe with tailored services. In 2004, the firm entered into China and bought the country’s largest internet store, Joyo.com. Joyo.com is dealing with similar items as Amazon. Exploiting foreign markets can expand their customer base.

For example, the move into the Chinese market by buying Joyo.com is commendable as this would increase its returns in the long run. However, the management should take drastic measures to ensure that Amazon does not lose its market leadership amidst these mergers. This is because the collaborations that it has formed with other firms may make weaken its brand in the market.

Finally, in this era of technological advancement, Amazon is faced with several threats to its existence. Every online business that has achieved its goals attracts rivalry from other players in the market. Since the firm deals with related items as high street retailers and other internet shops, differentiating the brand from its opponents can prove to be a significant problem. Therefore, with no particular differential to the increasing competition, potential consumers can shift their loyalties to other brands.

However, Amazon has its established brand and a variety of items to sell. Or else, price competition might harm the online retailer. As the company grows, the management should implement strategies for dealing with increased competition, especially from international opponents. This is because when the home-based competitors have failed to outdo it in the home ground; they may make their way and compete with it overseas.

In conclusion, Amazon.com plan of maintaining the competitive edge in the market is to employ every resource it has to make profits. To achieve this, it has spent fifteen years and about $2 billion developing its internet store, which is one of the largest and most consistent worldwide.

To maintain its market leadership, the company should implement counter-measures for dealing with the rise in property rentals, piracy, and unauthorized downloading of internet materials.

Reference List

Byers, A. (2007). Jeff Bezos: the founder of Amazon.com. New York: Rosen Publishing Group.

Ehrlich, C. (1999). Retail Success Factors. Web.

Kotler, P. (1988). Marketing Management (6th Edition ed.). Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall.

Longo, D. (2009). Pillars of Amazon’s Success. Nielson Business Media. Web.

“Your Amazon.com.” (2010). Shop all departments. Amazon.com. Web.

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IvyPanda. (2018, May 9). Amazon Company Analysis. https://ivypanda.com/essays/company-analysis-of-amazon-com/

"Amazon Company Analysis." IvyPanda , 9 May 2018, ivypanda.com/essays/company-analysis-of-amazon-com/.

IvyPanda . (2018) 'Amazon Company Analysis'. 9 May.

IvyPanda . 2018. "Amazon Company Analysis." May 9, 2018. https://ivypanda.com/essays/company-analysis-of-amazon-com/.

1. IvyPanda . "Amazon Company Analysis." May 9, 2018. https://ivypanda.com/essays/company-analysis-of-amazon-com/.

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IvyPanda . "Amazon Company Analysis." May 9, 2018. https://ivypanda.com/essays/company-analysis-of-amazon-com/.

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Company Analysis Report

Report generator.

You’ve probably heard a ton of people ask about how a particular company “looks” on paper. But what does this statement really mean?

When people talk about how a company looks on paper, they often refer to the financial aspect of the organization itself. This should answer questions in regards to the risks, strengths, and assets faced by the said company. It also provides a clear picture of where the company stands in the market it is in. But for these elements to be discovered, the company must first conduct a simple analysis to understand where it wants to go and how it could get there.

Company Analysis Report Template

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Definition of a Company Analysis

A company analysis is a comprehensive study done to get to know a company’s health in a number of areas. This analysis is usually written in a report for business owners, associates, and investors to refer to. There are a variety of ways to do this, depending on the specific areas a company wishes to understand, but a good analysis typically centers on the feasibility and productivity of the company, as well as a general overview of its corporate financial health.

Ultimately, a company analysis is used to illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of a company, along with the direction it is headed.

Think about it this way. It’s almost like a road trip. You can’t get to where you’re going unless you know exactly where you are. You need a map, and several directions and means of transport to get to your destination. Each method has its own share of pros and cons that you’re forced to weigh down carefully. You may also see statement analysis examples .

You would also need to consider various factors like time, money, and efficiency when making stern decisions. An outline on the internal and external factors affecting your journey will allow you to avoid the potholes and detours that may slow you down. Otherwise, you’re bound to get lost along the way, wasting a good amount of resources on a path that’s a lot farther than where you’re supposed to be. You may also like customer analysis examples .

With a company analysis, knowing where you’re starting from enables you to bring your company down a better, brighter road toward success. The general analysis will make it easier for you to determine where the company can go, as well as what it would take to get there.

What Is Included in a Company Analysis?

What’s included in a company analysis would usually depend on the primary objectives of a researcher.

An analysis may be done to look into an organization’s sales potential and accomplishments, or perhaps the information generated from the analysis would be used as an operational or investment tool. It’s also possible for the company to perform a standard SWOT analysis to refine its marketing and sales operations. A company analysis provides executives with an in-depth look into the various areas of the organization that may have been overlooked.

Regardless of its purpose, here are a few things that must be investigated in an established analysis:

1. Financial Status

This is the part where you’re required to dig into some of your most important financial records, such as your balance sheets , income statements , cash flow statements , and shareholders equity statements. This offers you a good picture of how money comes in and out of your reach. These documents are typically compiled for a three-to-five-year period to complete the analysis report.

2. Workflow and Efficiencies

See how your company has been performing over a given time period by looking into the different factors that may affect it, including employee sick time and productivity.

3. External Factors

These are the threats that might be affecting the company’s market performance. Some of the most common threats include the current status of the economy and the number of competitors serving the same audience.

On the other end of the spectrum, a company’s external factors may also refer to the opportunities it has to expand its reach and increase sales. It’s important to consider factors like market and economic trends to find out how the company may prosper in a fast-changing industry You may also see sales analysis examples .

4. Internal Factors

This refers to all the items that a company has control over. Everything from financial funding to investment opportunities are considered, along with the physical resources used by the company.

Keep in mind that your employees, administrative management, marketing campaigns and their allocated budget, and even the software programs used by various departments within the organization can greatly influence where the company currently stands. You may also like market analysis examples .

The Purpose of a Company Analysis

The report produced from a company analysis can be useful in more ways than one. This is often presented to investors or financial organizations hoping to provide the company with its much needed cash flow.

Conducting a company analysis is also a great way to take note of where a company stands before it enters a new phase in its journey. Some companies might even want to diversify its investments or create new portfolios for its own growth and development in the marketplace. You may also check out literary analysis examples .

By understanding its current financial commitments along with a forecast of where it’s headed, the company can make better and more informed decisions. After all, you’ll never how your company is truly performing until you take a good look at its present status. You might be interested in industry analysis examples .

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General Types of Company Analysis

A company analysis offers several different perspectives on how an organization runs. Listed below are some of the most common examples of an organizational analysis , each of which is designed to examine how a certain area is performing and how it may affect the company’s overall operations.

1. Company Financial Analysis

In spite of what anyone says, the whole existence of a business revolves around the money. This is why it’s important for company leaders to know where the business stands from a financial point of view to prevent potential disasters coming down the pipes. The analysis should give the company a clear glimpse of the money coming in, the money going out, and the money on hand. You may also like needs analysis examples .

2. Company SWOT Analysis

A detailed SWOT analysis is done to study the internal and external factors (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) affecting a company’s operations. This includes the organization’s finances, debts, properties, staff, competitors, and the like. This can help the company identify the different areas that need to be addressed accordingly, especially in terms of cutbacks, investments, and potential projects.

3. Company Performance Analysis

Performance indicators may vary depending on the nature of a business, but this generally offers company leaders a good look into which departments are meeting targets, who possesses budget surpluses (if any), and where possible shortfalls are happening. This can help indicate where operations need to be modified using productivity and cost assistance, as well as how profit may be balanced effectively. You may also check out operational analysis examples .

4. Company Productivity Analysis

A productivity analysis report is made to see how a business is getting the most out of its staff. One example for this would be McDonald’s bold move in 2017 to replace cashiers with interactive ordering kiosks.

Besides taking an advanced approach to speed up the business process through the use of technology, this also allowed the company to refocus its staff on quality control and order processing. By replacing manual procedures with automation, the company’s productivity may lead to significant increases in profitability. You might be interested in requirements analysis examples .

In the advent of technology and various software programs utilized in the field of business, several technical and outsourcing solutions prove to be the best options for a company to thrive in a competitive market.

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How to Perform an Effective Company Analysis

There are two ways to start an analysis, either with the use of a template or a special type of software. Noting down your analysis ensures that all company areas are addressed accordingly.

To develop a credible analysis, here are a few guidelines to remember:

1. Determine the type of analysis best suitable for your company.

Select a kind of analysis that best suits your company. This would depend on the scope of the basic analysis and the budget allotted to perform it. For instance, most business intelligence systems come with a hefty price tag, which makes them impractical for businesses that haven’t been operating for too long.

Companies with sophisticated technology integrated into their daily processes often cover larger areas compared to those who apply manual methods—and for obvious reasons.

Simply put, it is necessary for a large corporation to use a fancy business intelligence software to conduct an accurate and efficient analysis on their company. A simple business such as a hair salon or convenience store, on the other hand, may not require a lavish software system to obtain an effective company analysis. You may also see financial analysis examples .

2. Study different analysis methods.

It’s impossible to perform a successful company analysis with little or no knowledge on what to expect from it. Generally, a thorough evaluation of your company should answer what is being done right or wrong based on a specified time period. You may also like regression analysis examples .

Keep in mind that there are different analysis methods designed for financials, marketing, human resources, and others. You can’t do a human resources analysis if you’re a solo entrepreneur, simply because there aren’t any employees to evaluate in the first place. That being said, be sure to understand the different analysis methods before you begin with the first step of the desired process.

3. Choose a method and implement it.

Once you have done your research, you can now implement the selected method. Here, you need to make sure to cover the internal and external factors that impact the business. If you’re doing a company analysis through a software application, percentages and diagrams will be shown to highlight the areas that require improvement. You might be interested in feasibility analysis examples .

But if you’re using a template to complete the analysis, you need to think critically about the competitive circumstances affecting the entire business. Take note that the manual approach does require you to work carefully to ensure that every vital aspect of the business is covered as planned. You may also see fault tree analysis examples .

4. Use statistics to prove your claims.

One of the best ways to generate a reliable analysis is to use statistics to support your findings. Quantitative data can offer an incredible amount of help in solidifying your analysis report. This is usually achieved through direct contact with your target audience. You may also like financial health analysis examples .

Say for example, count the number of people who enter your store but leave without buying anything. You can find out the reason for such behavior by using a survey questionnaire . You can then use this feedback to gain a deeper understanding about what runs through the minds of an average consumer. There are many ways to process and present this data, but it’s best to stick with graphs and tables for a more accurate visual illustration.

5. Evaluate results and make the necessary adjustments.

Review the results from your analysis. Look for weaknesses or areas that require improvement and take the necessary actions to correct them. You can use this analysis to conclude issues and problems present within the organization, and identify possible solutions to address them. You may also check out process analysis examples .

Given how an analysis provides a snapshot of the company during a particular time, it’s important to pay attention to the entire process to figure out the best method for enhancing the company internally and externally.

A company analysis refers to the fundamental assessment of an organization in which company leaders are tasked to analyze the overall profile, security, profitability, goals, and values of a company.

Knowing where the company is starting from and what it’s got to work with in order to accomplish its goals and objectives will contribute greatly to the entity’s growth. Because of this, it’s important for managers and analysts to conduct a thorough analysis on the company’s internal and external components. So if you find yourself in need of a company analysis, make sure to refer to our guidelines and templates for successful evaluation.

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A Welfare Analysis of Policies Impacting Climate Change

What are the most effective ways to address climate change? This paper extends and applies the marginal value of public funds (MVPF) framework to help answer this question. We examine 96 US environmental policy changes studied over the past 25 years. These policies span subsidies (wind, residential solar, electric and hybrid vehicles, vehicle retirement, appliance rebates, weatherization), nudges (marketing, energy conservation), and revenue raisers (fuel taxes, cap and trade). For each policy, we draw upon quasi-experimental or experimental evaluations of causal effects and translate those estimates into an MVPF. We apply a consistent translation of these behavioral responses into measures of their associated externalities and valuations of those externalities. We also provide a new method for incorporating learning-by-doing spillovers. The analysis yields three main results: First, subsidies for investments that directly displace the dirty production of electricity, such as production tax credits for wind power and subsidies for residential solar panels, have higher MVPFs (generally exceeding 2) than all other subsidies in our sample (with MVPFs generally around 1). Second, nudges to reduce energy consumption have large MVPFs, with values above 5, when targeted to regions of the US with a dirty electric grid. By contrast, policies targeting areas with cleaner grids such as California and the Northeast have substantially smaller MVPFs (often below 1). Third, fuel taxes and cap-and-trade policies are highly efficient means of raising revenue (with MVPFs below 0.7) due to the presence of large environmental externalities. We contrast these conclusions with those derived from more traditional cost-per-ton metrics used in previous literature.

The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. Hahn and Metcalfe have an equity share in The Behaviouralist, a behavioral science consultancy. We thank Sarah Aaronson, Mira Chaskes, Aidan Creeron, Jamie Emery, Charlie Hutchinson, Jack Kelly, Isaac Maruyama, Victor Mylonas, Sethu Odayappan, and Lukas Puschnig for excellent research assistance. We thank Joseph Aldy, Ken Gillingham, Christopher Knittel, Al McGartland, Nick Muller, Ishan Nath, Jacquelyn Pless, Brian Prest, and Catherine Wolfram. We also thank Doyne Farmer and Rupert Way for both helpful comments and for sharing their data. This research was supported by Policy Impacts, which receives support from the Spiegel Family Fund.

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