citing sources in a powerpoint presentation

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Citing Sources in PowerPoint Slides

• PowerPoint - In-text Citations
• PowerPoint - References List

Note:  APA does not have specific rules about the format of PowerPoint slides.  Rasmussen University does have recommended guidelines outlined below and in the attached PPT presentation.

PowerPoint slides  may   need citations, depending on what type of information is included on the slide.

If the text on a slide is a quote (someone else's words, verbatim) or someone else's ideas in the presenter's own words, then a citation is needed.

If the text placed on a slide is simply a word or phrase that represents a topic that the presenter will be discussing in greater detail, then a citation is not needed.

The table below includes two PowerPoint slides (left side). The column on the right tells whether or not the information would need to be cited and why.

Speaker Notes:  Some assignments require text in the Speaker Notes area of the PowerPoint slide. If information from a source is quoted, summarized, or paraphrased in that area, an in-text citation and reference will likely be required. Ask your instructor for clarification.

• Presentations & APA Citation Style at Rasmussen University Great resource to share with students if they are having struggles with APA in PPTs.

PowerPoint Slides - References

There are two ways to include the Reference list in your presentation:

• Coordinating reference lists are typically handed out during or after the presentation either in print if presenting in person, or electronically if presenting online. This is the preferred method of including a Reference list of the sources cited in your slide deck.
• Include a Reference list in the last slide of the presentation. This is an acceptable method if there are not many resources to include. Avoid adding so many resources to the list that the type is not legible to those attending the presentation

Creating the Reference List Slide

• If you use outside sources in your presentation (noted in your in-text citations), you must cite those sources on a References page/slide.
• Your Reference page can be created in NoodleTools, exported to Microsoft Word, and distributed or submitted with your slides to those who attend your presentation. Ask your instructor if they would like a Reference slide as the last slide of your presentation. Note that you may need more than one slide depending on how many references are needed.

See the slide deck below for more information.

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• Last Updated: Feb 27, 2024 2:56 PM
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APA PowerPoint Slide Presentation

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Home / Guides / Citation Guides / How to Cite Sources / How to Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in APA, MLA or Chicago

How to Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in APA, MLA or Chicago

Let’s be honest: Sometimes the best information for a paper comes straight from a professor’s PowerPoint presentation. But did you know that source needs to be cited?

Whether you’re making use of your instructor’s lecture materials or pulling information from a Powerpoint found online, you need to make sure to cite your sources if you use information from it in a project or paper.

Here’s a run -t hrough of everything this page includes:  

• Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in MLA format
• Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in APA format
• Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in Chicago Style

By now, you’re probably familiar with how to cite websites, books or journal articles, but not as knowledgeable about how to cite a Powerpoint presentation. In actuality, citing PowerPoint presentations aren’t all that different from citing written materials, so don’t let yourself be phased! It’s not too hard and compiling an MLA works cited or APA reference page doesn’t take too long—each one should take just a few minutes to create.

To help you with the process, we’ve put together a handy guide demonstrating how to cite a PowerPoint presentation in three commonly used citation styles: MLA, APA and Chicago.

Let’s start by looking for basic information you’ll need for the citation.

Information you may need to cite a PowerPoint Presentation:

• Author or authors of the presentation
• Presentation title
• Date of publication/presentation
• Place of publication/where the presentation was given
• URL (if used to locate the presentation)

Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in MLA format:

MLA format citation structure:

Author Last Name, First Name. Presentation Title. Month Year, URL. PowerPoint Presentation.

Example citation :

Park, Lisa. Effective Working Teams . Jan. 2011, https://www.company.meetings/teams. PowerPoint Presentation.

In-text citation structure:

(Last Name)

Example in-text citation:

Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in APA format:  

APA reference structure:

Author or Presenter Last Name, Middle Initial. First Initial. (Date of publication). Title of presentation [PowerPoint presentation]. Conference Name, Location. URL

Example reference:

Park, L. (2011, March 24-28). Effective working teams [PowerPoint presentation]. Regional Dairy Workers National Conference, New York, NY, United States. https://www.company.meetings/teams

Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in Chicago Style:

Chicago citation structure:

Author Last Name, First Name. “Presentation Title.” Lecture, Location of Lecture, Month Day, Year.

Example citation:

Park, Lisa. “Effective Working Teams.” Lecture, The Plaza Hotel, New York, NY, January 11, 2011.

Troubleshooting

Solution #1: how to cite a powerpoint that has multiple authors..

For a presentation with multiple authors, list the authors alphabetically by last name for the full reference citation. The citation will list each author by Last Name, First Initial.

If the PowerPoint has just two authors, separate them with a comma and an ampersand (&). If the PowerPoint has more than two authors, list the authors separated by commas.

Reference examples:

Felner, D., & Nguy, A. (2021 April 10-12). The history of Claymation [Slideshow]. Animation Now, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

Felner, D., Nguy, A., Becham, G. (2021 April 10-12). The history of Claymation [Slideshow]. Animation Now, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

For an in-text citation for two authors, give both surnames separated by an ampersand (&) followed by a comma and the year of publication or presentation.

For an in-text citation for three or more authors, list the first author’s surname followed by “et al.” followed by a comma and the year of publication or presentation.

In-text citation examples:

(Felner & Nguy, 2021)

(Felner et al., 2021)

For a PowerPoint with two presenters or authors, include both names in the full works-cited citation. The names need to be written as follows: First presenter’s Last Name, First Name, and then the second presenter’s First Name and Last Name.

For an in-text citation, simply list the surnames of both presenters.

In-text citation example:

(Nguy and Felner)

Work-cited entry example:

Nguy, Anna and Dominic Felner. The History of Claymation. Apr. 2021. PowerPoint Presentation.

For a PowerPoint with three or more presenters, only list one presenter’s name followed by a comma and “et al.”

For an in-text citation for three or more authors or presenters , list the surname given in the full works-cited citation followed by “et al.”

(Nguy et al.)

Nguy, Anna et al. The History of Claymation. Apr. 2021. PowerPoint Presentation.

Solution #2 How to cite a slideshow that wasn’t made with PowerPoint

If making a full works-cited citation for a slideshow that was made with another program other than PowerPoint, include the medium in brackets instead of PowerPoint.

If the presentation is not in PowerPoint, and you can’t determine what software was used, include the word “slideshow” in brackets in place of PowerPoint.

Nguy, A. (2021 April 10-12). The history of Claymation [Prezi presentation]. Animation Now, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

Nguy, A. (2021 April 10-12). The history of Claymation [Slideshow]. Animation Now, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

The in-text citation will be formatted like any other APA in-text citation (author last name, year).

(Nguy, 2021)

At the end of your full works-cited citation, include the program the slideshow was made with, formatted as:  ______ Presentation.

If you are uncertain of the program used, end your citation with “slideshow” followed by a period. Nguy, Anna. The history of Claymation. Apr. 2021. Prezi Presentation. Nguy, Anna. The history of Claymation . Apr. 2021. Slideshow.

The in-text citation will be formatted like any other MLA in-text citation (author last name).

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Updated April 26, 2021.

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To cite PowerPoint presentation slides, include the author name, year/date of presentation, the title, the source description, the website and/or university name, and the URL where the source can be found.

If the PowerPoint presentation is not accessible to the reader, cite the slides as personal communication.

If you want to cite a PowerPoint in MLA or APA style, you need to have basic information including the name of the author(s), title of the presentation, date and place of publication, and URL. For in-text citations, you need to include only the author name(s) in MLA style and author name(s) and year in APA style.  

APA in-text citations

(Author Surname, publication year)

(Dhanalakshmi, 2004)

MLA in-text citations

(Author Surname)

(Dhanalakshmi)

Citation Basics

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MLA Citation Guide (9th Edition): Powerpoint Presentations

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Powerpoint presentations - what do i need to cite, powerpoint presentations - where do my citations go, other digital assignments - where do my citations go.

What am I legally required to cite in my digital assignment?

According to the Copyright Act, you must cite the sources (images, videos, books, websites, etc.) that you used in your digital assignment ( 29.21(1)(b) ). You must cite the source (where you got the information from) and the creator of the content (if available). You must also make sure that any copyrighted materials you used in your assignment meet the conditions set out in section  29.21  of the Copyright Act. For a list of conditions and more information, please visit:  http://studentcopyright.wordpress.com/mashups/

What citation style do I use for the sources in my digital assignment?

There is no one required citation style, so please defer to your instructor's directions and citation style preference.

List your sources in a slide at the end of the Powerpoint presentation, with in-text citations throughout your presentation as applicable.

You could also provide a print copy of the sources you used to those attending your presentation.

Seneca Libraries has the following recommendations for how to organize your list of sources for digital assignments. Please check with your instructor first:

Videos you create: 

List your sources in a credits screen at the end of the video.

Websites you create:

• For images, include a citation under each image using this format “From: XXXX” and then make the image a link back to the original image ( example  - picture of little girl). Or list the citation at the bottom of the web page.
• For quotes or material from other sources, include an in-text citation that links back to the original material ( example  – second paragraph).

Images you create: 

If possible list your sources at the bottom or side of the image ( example ). Otherwise, include a list of citations alongside the image wherever it’s uploaded (e.g. Flickr, Blackboard).

**Please note that the above are recommendations only and your instructor may have a preference and directions for how and where you list your sources for your assignment.**

If you don't receive specific instructions from your instructor, try to include your citations in a way that doesn't impact the design of your digital assignment.

For more information please contact Seneca Libraries copyright team at  [email protected]

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Formatting a Powerpoint Presentation in APA 7th Style

The apa 7th manual and the apa website do not provide any specific rules about using apa format or citation in powerpoint slides. , here are some recommended guidelines:, 1. you will need in-text citations on a powerpoint slide where you are quoting, paraphrasing, or summarizing someone else's ideas. , 2. you also will include a reference list as your powerpoint's last slide (or slides). , 3. always follow any instructions given by your instructors., this youtube video from smart student shows you how to create apa7th in-text citations and a reference list: .

• Citing and Referencing in Powerpoint Presentations | APA 7th Edition This video will show you how to create APA 7th in-text citations and a Reference page for your PowerPoint presentation.
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• Last Updated: Mar 26, 2024 3:22 PM
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• How to cite a PowerPoint in MLA

How to Cite a PowerPoint in MLA | Format & Examples

Published on December 7, 2020 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on March 5, 2024.

To cite a PowerPoint or other slide-based presentation in MLA style , the format depends on how you viewed the presentation.

If the slides are available to view online, the format is similar to that for a website : provide the author and title of the presentation, the name of the site in italics, the date it was posted, and the URL.

Use a slide number to indicate the location of the relevant information in in-text citations.

You can also use our free MLA Citation Generator to help create MLA citations with ease.

Instantly correct all language mistakes in your text

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Table of contents

Citing a powerpoint you viewed in person, citing content reproduced in a powerpoint, frequently asked questions about mla citations.

If you viewed the PowerPoint in person and it isn’t available online, cite it using details of the context in which you viewed it: the name of the course, the date the lecture was given, and the name and location of your university.

You can also add the optional label “PowerPoint presentation” for clarity.

Note that citing an online version is the best option if possible, since it allows your reader to consult the presentation directly.

Prevent plagiarism. Run a free check.

If you want to cite content reproduced in a PowerPoint (like an image or quotation from someone other than the person who created the slides), it’s best to cite the original source if possible. Try looking for source information in the slides, or asking the lecturer.

However, if necessary, you can treat it as a source contained within a source. Cite details of the original source first, and then include details of the presentation as a container, including the slide where the relevant quote or image appears at the end.

For example, the following format shows how to cite an artwork from a presentation.

When you want to cite a PowerPoint or lecture notes from a lecture you viewed in person in MLA , check whether they can also be accessed online ; if so, this is the best version to cite, as it allows the reader to access the source.

If the material is not available online, use the details of where and when the presentation took place.

MLA recommends citing the original source wherever possible, rather than the source in which it is quoted or reproduced.

If this isn’t possible, cite the secondary source and use “qtd. in” (quoted in) in your MLA in-text citation . For example: (qtd. in Smith 233)

If a source is reproduced in full within another source (e.g. an image within a PowerPoint  or a poem in an article ), give details of the original source first, then include details of the secondary source as a container. For example:

If a source has no author, start the MLA Works Cited entry with the source title . Use a shortened version of the title in your MLA in-text citation .

If a source has no page numbers, you can use an alternative locator (e.g. a chapter number, or a timestamp for a video or audio source) to identify the relevant passage in your in-text citation. If the source has no numbered divisions, cite only the author’s name (or the title).

If you already named the author or title in your sentence, and there is no locator available, you don’t need a parenthetical citation:

• Rajaram  argues that representations of migration are shaped by “cultural, political, and ideological interests.”
• The homepage of The Correspondent describes it as “a movement for radically different news.”

Cite this Scribbr article

If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.

Caulfield, J. (2024, March 05). How to Cite a PowerPoint in MLA | Format & Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved March 26, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/mla/powerpoint/

Is this article helpful?

Jack Caulfield

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Presentations, Speeches, and Projects

• Citing Your Sources in a Presentation

• Citing Sources in a PowerPoint Presentation

There are several ways to cite sources in a project depending on the source and your instructor's requirements.

Most instructors want you to cite your sources the same as you would if you were writing a paper for your in-text citations.

Some instructors instead have you number your sources on your Works Cited or References page and then use the number as the in-text citation. You would follow your instructors requirements.

For images, see Finding and Citing Images in a Project .

Citing Sources in a Presentation

• Intro to Verbal Citations
• Additional Verbal Citation Resources

When preparing your presentation, remember that all sources used must be cited in both the Works Cited page and in-text.  For a speech you will need to verbally give credit to your sources. Verbally citing a source can be as simple as stating, "Dr. Bob, a Professor at Clemson University, stated in a 2019 Forbes article, ..."   Other examples could be, "The World Health Organization published the following Zika virus statistics on April 12, 2016...," or "According to Neal's book we learned..."

By verbally citing your sources you are lending credibility to your topic and making  your position stronger. Be sure to vary the language in which you verbally cite sources to keep your presentation more interesting (don't say "According to..." every time). 

• Oral Citations Video (Video) A brief tutorial on creating and delivering oral citations in public speaking. Topics include the importance of oral citations, when oral citations are necessary, and how to create and deliver oral citations in a speech. (5 mins.)
• Orally Citing a Source in a Speech (Video) by Janene Davison This is a basic primer on how to incorporate indirect and direct quotes into your presentation. (4 mins.)
• Tips on citing sources when speaking publicly by Sarah Stone Watt Gives example of written sources versus orally attributions.

Most instructors want you to cite your sources the same you would if you were writing a paper for your in-text citations where you include an in-text on the slide where you used the information, and a Works Cited or References list of all your sources on a slide at the end of your presentation.

Some instructors instead have you number your sources on your Works Cited or References slide and then use the number as the in-text citation. Follow your instructor's requirements.

For images, see   Finding and Citing Images in a Project .

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Citing Business Sources in APA Style

7. citing sources in presentations.

• 1. About this guide
• 2. Citing references in-text
• 3. Citing sources in your reference list
• 4. Reference List Examples: Brock Library Business Databases
• 5. Reference List Examples: Statistical Sources
• 6. Reference List Examples: Audiovisual Sources

7.3: Using Reference Lists in Presentations

7.4: apa style powerpoint help.

• The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA Style) was designed to assist writers in preparing research papers (such as journal articles) and therefore does not actually contain any guidelines on preparing powerpoint presentations according to APA Style.
• Typically, if you are required to create a presentation according to APA Style, you should clarify with your professor if he/she actually just expects you to put your in-text citations and references in APA Style.

7.1: In-text citations in Presentations

• You can cite references within the text of your presentation slide using the same APA format for in-text citations (Author, Date) as in a written essay.
• Remember to cite sources for direct quotations, paraphrased materials, and sources of facts (such as market share data in the example slide).
• Your Reference List must include the sources cited on your presentation slides.

7.2: Using Images on Slides

If you use images, such as photographs or clipart, on your slides, you should also credit the source of the image. Do not reproduce images without permission. There are sources for clipart and images that are "public use" according to Creative Commons licensing such as:

• Flickr: https://www.flickr.com/creativecommons/
• Google Advanced Image Search allows you so filter results by usage rights (e.g., free to use or share):  https://www.google.com/advanced_image_search
• ClipSafari:  https://www.clipsafari.com
• Openclipart.org:  https://openclipart.org/
• Noun Project:  https://thenounproject.com   (free membership, must give credit to creator of icon following a specific format)

Photographs are treated as figures in APA Style. Therefore, the citation for the source of the image is included as a footnote in the figure caption underneath the photograph which includes the figure number and a description. The source of the image obtained is attributed using the following model:

Figure 1. Blah blah blah. From Title of Image , by Author, Year. Retrieved from URL.

Figure 1. Photograph of a sculpture in Cupertino, California. From Infinite Loop II by Kurafire (2007, January 3).  Retrieved from https://www.flickr.com/photos/kurafire/343629962/.

Another option for citing image sources is to create a separate slide titled "Photo credits" or "Image Sources". For more assistance on the various ways to cite images in presentations (but not necessarily in APA format), see:

• Image Citation Guide (UBC Copyright Office)
• How to credit photos (Photoshare.org). Provides examples of various ways to credit image sources in Powerpoint, on webpages, and in print materials.
• How to cite clip art or stock image references (APA Style website) Consult the APA Style site for the latest guidance on how to cite images according to the 7th edition.

Option 1: Create a References handout (recommended)

Option 2: Create a References slide (if you only have a few items in your list)

• use a large enough font (e.g., 24 points)
• limit to 12 lines of text on each slide

• Power up your PowerPoint (gradPSYCH at APA.org) Seven research-backed tips for effective presentations. Includes links to digital extras: "the worst PowerPoint presentation ever made" and "Comedian Don McMillan's PowerPoint pet peeves".
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How to Cite a Website, Book, YouTube Video, etc. in PowerPoint

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• August 16, 2019

Citing a source in a report or paper is pretty easy – you just give the source details according to a particular style of citation.

But, when it comes to presentations and speeches, do you know how to correctly cite your sources?

It seems like quite a basic question at first, but when it comes to the practicalities and technicalities, the answers aren’t so easy to come by.

Sure, quotes may be simple enough to introduce, but what about all the other information, data, facts, figures, and images you use? Do you know how to present that information and give proper legal credit without disrupting the flow of your presentation?

No? Then read on!

Important Legal Note:  This is not legal advice. For full details on copyright laws and Fair Use licenses, please check the  US Copyright Office .

Table of Contents

Why citing your sources is important.

Your audience needs to know where the information, visuals, or any other materials you use in your presentation come from.

Very often our presentations and speeches are informed by or based on the work of others and this needs to be acknowledged. Likewise, audio, visual, or video is copyright protected.

Citing sources and creative owners can also help keep you on the right side of copyright law and fair use licenses….more on this below.

Make your work more credible

Citing gives your audience a good impression by proving how well you know your stuff. By attributing work to the rightful owners, you also show integrity.

A well-cited presentation appears well-researched and properly developed; and hence, it’s often better delivered, and better received.

Give the audience access to information

The whole point of a presentation or speech is to share knowledge. By citing your sources, you give your audience the opportunity to learn more about your subject and do their own research if they so wish.

Citations and Copyright

If you use someone else’s copyrighted material in your presentation without citing the creator – or if you cite them incorrectly – you may likely be guilty of copyright infringement.

Copyright infringement is only 100% avoided by getting the copyright owner’s explicit permission.

You can, however, use copyrighted material without permission if you can show that it doesn’t infringe on Fair Use.

To learn more about Fair Use, see this article  here  on the U.S. Copyright Office website.

This can be a rather gray area, as what is considered to be ‘fair use’ can be open to interpretation. Generally speaking, Fair Use takes into consideration the following:

• the purpose and character of the use
• the profit or nonprofit cause
• the nature of the protected work
• how much of the work is used
• how the use affects the value or future demand of the work

For example, if you use a copyrighted photograph just because it looks cool, use it as your background image on a PowerPoint slide, or repeatedly use it so that it becomes associated with your brand, then this is not Fair Use.

If you use the photograph to make a point, illustrate an idea, or for educational purposes, and also give proper accreditation to the copyright owner even if you don’t have permission, then that might be considered Fair Use and would probably be fine.

How to do in-text citations in PowerPoint

In-text citations are citations you see on the screen, and are often in the same format you’d see in a written report.

If your slide refers to a study, for example, you will need to add the copyright details. To do that, simply add the name of the author, the work and the publication in parentheses after the reference.

For example, in parenthesis: (Author, Date).

This is particularly useful when presenting quotes or insightful facts and figures that support your message.

Note: This type of citation sometimes doesn’t leave enough room for all the information you need to provide. In this case, you can add a Sources slide at the very end of your presentation

Adding footnote citations

You can also use footnotes on your PowerPoint slides to give citations.

Next to the text you would like to reference, add the number ‘ 1 ’ for your first citation. Highlight it, and then from the ‘Home’ option, open the Font box and select ‘ Subscript ’ and click on ‘ OK ’.

Then, click on ‘ Insert ,’ select a text box and then draw it onto your slide. Enter the same number as you used in the text, and type your source details. You will likely want to reduce the size of the text.

Note: When I talk about footnotes here, I don’t mean the Header & Footer feature in PowerPoint. You can write your citations inside the Footer placeholder, but keep in mind that the text you type in here will display on every slide that has the Footer enabled.

Verbal citation during a presentation

For some material, you may choose not to give an in-text citation, but rather give credit verbally. Be sure to introduce the source before you present the information and keep it brief so that it doesn’t slow down the flow of your presentation.

Here are some example phrases:

• According to Dr. Richards, professor of Such and Such at This University,…
• John Dean, author of the 2015 study, A Study of Something, argues that…
• Jane Gordons, a journalist writing for the New York Times, offers this example….

Use speaker notes to help you cite verbally

It is a good idea to add the full citation details in the speaker notes so that you make sure you relay the correct details.

Also it ensures that the full citations will be seen should you share your slides with audience or team members after the presentation, or print them.

How to cite a website

If you are wondering how to cite websites, that’s probably because not all websites provide the authors name for you to cite (making it a bit more difficult).

If you can’t find the website authors name you can instead cite the website’s address. And you don’t have to copy and paste the whole URL when citing websites either.

When citing a website, you just need to give enough information so that your audience knows where the information came from and how to get more details if they want to check it out.

Here are the common elements you’ll need to properly cite a website in your presentation:

• Website or author name
• Page name or article title
• Exact URL of website
• Page date of publication

See the cited website example in the picture below.

How to cite a picture or image

There are countless places for pictures that are available for free and public use according to Creative Commons licensing. You can search  Flickr  and  Google Advanced Image Search  by filtering the results by ‘Creative Commons’.

There are also sites providing stock images which are royalty free and can be used without attribution, such as  Pixabay  or  Pexels .

Always check the licensing agreements, as some images may have ‘some rights reserved’ or specific requirements for citations.

The common elements you’ll need when citing a picture are:

• Creator’s name
• Title of the picture
• Date and location of publication
• Publisher or website
• Picture URL

To create the citation in PowerPoint, you can insert a small text box and add the details in a readable way, as you can see in the example below.

To learn how to crop a picture in PowerPoint into different shapes as pictured above,  read our guide here .

How to cite a YouTube video

While YouTube is a free online streaming service, you shouldn’t assume that you can use anyone’s video without properly citing it.

Here are the common elements you’ll need to create a YouTube video citation:

• Creator’s name or screen name
• Video title
• Website name
• Publication date

Whichever citation method you use, should at a minimum credit the creator of the video (real name if possible, but their username will suffice), and the year the video was posted. For example: (Nuts & Bolts Speed Training, 2014).

In the notes for full referencing, you’ll need more details:

Author/Username. (month, day, year). Title of video (Video file). Retrieved from  http://URL.com .

Nuts & Bolts Speed Training. (June 25, 2014). 4 PowerPoint Tricks You Don’t Know (Video File). Retrieved from  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=05OW0Ce8rT8 .

How to cite a book

Books are another common reference material you’ll want to properly cite in your presentations.

Here are the common elements you’ll need when citing a book (same-same for a magazine):

• Author name
• Publication date and location
• Publisher name

If you are paraphrasing from a book, include an in-text citation of the author and the year (Brown, 2005) or the author, year and the page number (Brown, 2005, p.13), immediately following the text.

Another option for your citation, is to include them in Speaker Notes so that if you print your notes as handouts, the speaker notes will appear there.

NOTE: For help printing your speaker notes, see our guide on Printing PowerPoint with speaker notes .

How to cite a lecture (talk or speech)

Like for books and quotes, the in-text citation will need the author’s last name and the year the speech or talk was presented, written in parenthesis: (Gordon, 2017).

In your PowerPoint notes, it should be fully cited with the name, year, title of the talk and the format, and where it took place. For example:

Gordon, B. (2017). The Theory Behind Big Business. Presentation, Atlanta.

How to cite a song

When it comes to using a song in your presentation, there are a many variables as to whether it’s an infringement of copyright laws. Unauthorized use of a song can be allowed under the concept of ‘fair use’ as detailed above.

If you are in any doubt, obtain the license or get permission. The process is relatively straightforward and doesn’t always mean a hefty fee. Sometimes, it’s as simple as asking and getting permission or making sure you acknowledge the copyright owner.

You can give acknowledgment on the PowerPoint Slide with in-text citation on the appropriate slide or as a ‘sources slide’ at the end of your presentation:

To get permission, here are three main licensing companies that you can contact for further info: 

• ASCAP ( American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers )
• BMI ( Broadcast Music Incorporated )
• SOCAN ( Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada )

How to cite a presentation

If you want to include a slide or information gained from another PowerPoint presentation that has been published, you can use an in-text citation just as if you were citing a book.

To cite a presentation, simply cite the author’s name and the year the presentation was produced, (Dean, 2007).

In the notes you’ll add the details of “PowerPoint slides”, when it was “Retrieved from” and the URL. It should look something like this:

How to cite a quote

In the same way as you would quote from a book, an in-text citation with the author of the quote is fine.

Some quotes from historical source won’t have a book, page number or publisher to cite. In these cases, the author name (and year if possible) is sufficient.

Note:  Make sure that you thoroughly check the quote’s source if you find the quote online.

There are far too many misquoted and misattributed sayings out there and there’s nothing more embarrassing than citing the wrong person in your presentation.

So that’s how to cite a variety of different sources in your PowerPoint presentations including:

• How to cite books
• How to cite websites
• How to cite YouTube videos
• And a bunch of other sources

While in-text citation may take a little more work, it is better than keeping all of your sources in the conclusion. That’s because the end of your presentation should be punchy, memorable, and leave your audience with a good impression (see our tips for how to end a presentation  here ).

This is particularly true as, your audience isn’t able to flip back to see which citation goes with which image, quote, video, website, etc. Giving them the details at the same time as the material allows them to take note of it there and then.

It’s a small detail but makes a huge difference when it comes to delivering a seamless and informative presentation.

If you enjoyed this ultimate guide to citing sources in PowerPoint, you’ll love our other PowerPoint training course and resources that you can  check out here .

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How to Cite Sources in a PowerPoint: A Comprehensive Guide

For students, researchers, professionals and all the users, citing PowerPoint presentations is critical. It exhibits and shows academic honesty and acknowledges the original sources of the information you use. This article includes simple guidelines for appropriately citing PowerPoint presentations in different styles such as APA, MLA, and Chicago. It also offers a hint on how to modify and update presentation citations.

Part 1: What Is In-Text Citation? (APA, MLA, Chicago Style)

Before going into how to cite sources in powerpoint, first we should know what it is citing all about.

Basics of In-Text Citation

Nowadays, people can now obtain information and data they need from a variety of sources. In-text citations are references to sources within the body of a document that are often used in academic or scholarly writing.

The three major and most used citation styles are APA (American Psychological Association), MLA (Modern Language Association), and Chicago. Each style has its own framework for citing sources. So it is critical to be familiar with the style that is required for your specific assignment or publication.

Here are some examples of in-text citations in each of the three major citation styles:

APA Style: APA style is the most commonly used citation style in the social sciences

MLA style is the most commonly used citation style in the humanities.

Chicago style:

Chicago style is the most commonly used citation style in history, literature, and the fine arts.

Importance of In-Text Citation

What are the benefits of citing and why is in-text citation important? In-text citation is important for several reasons:

Academic Integrity

Citation showing the principles of academic honesty and intellectual integrity by giving credit to the original authors or creators.

Credibility

It shows that your own work is credible by proving that it has been thoroughly researched and is supported by credible sources. They demonstrate how well-researched sources back up your claims and arguments.

Avoiding Plagiarism

In-text citations help in avoiding plagiarism, which is the unethical act of using someone else's work without acknowledgment.

Verifiability

In-text citations enable readers to trace back to the original sources, making it easier for them to verify the information you've presented. This will also increase the credibility of your work.

Part 2: How to Cite a PowerPoint Presentation in APA, MLA, or Chicago

Citing a PowerPoint presentation in academic or professional work is crucial to acknowledge the source of information. Follow these steps to ensure you do it correctly, and consider using reference management tools like EasyBib for assistance.

Step 1: Determine the Citation Style

Identify the citation style you need to use, whether it's APA, MLA, or Chicago. This choice will dictate how you format your citations.

Step 2: Gather general Presentation or sources information

Collect all the essential information about the PowerPoint presentation. The author's name, title of the presentation, date it was created, and the URL (if applicable).

Step 3: Cite in APA Style

For APA style, format your citation like this:

Author's Last Name, First Initial. (Year, Month Day). Title of Presentation [PowerPoint slides]. Name of Website. URL

Step 4: Cite in MLA Style

For MLA style, format your citation like this:

Author last name, first name. "Title of Presentation." Department Name, University Name, Location, Month Day, Year. Web.

Step 5: Cite in Chicago Style

For Chicago style, format your citation like this:

Author last name, first name. "Title of Presentation." Lecture, Department Name, University Name, Location, Month Day, Year.

How to Edit and Update Citations

Always remember to keep track of any changes to your sources so that you can update or edit the citations in your presentation. Make sure you update the citations in line with any changes you make to the content. With just a few clicks, reference management tools enable you to update your citations, which can help automate this process.

Why Choose WPS Office

WPS Office is an essential software tool for creating and checking PowerPoint presentations. WPS supports opening PowerPoint documents and offers a range of features and benefits for creating and editing presentations. Here are some of the features and benefits of using WPS Office Presentation:

Free download and free to use Word, Excel, and PPT: WPS Office is completely free to use, with no hidden fees or subscriptions.

● Powerful PDF toolkit: WPS Office includes a powerful PDF toolkit that allows users to create, edit, and convert PDF files.

● Rich template store: WPS Office has a rich template store with over 10,000 templates to choose from, including a variety of scheduling templates.

● Rich functions : WPS Office offers a wide range of features and functions, including the ability to collaborate with others online and to create and edit documents on the go.

● Light weight: WPS Office is a lightweight application that takes up very little space on your computer.

● Support online documents : WPS Office allows users to save and access documents online, making it easy to collaborate with others and to access your files from anywhere.

● Safe and stable: WPS Office is a safe and stable application that has been used by millions of people around the world.

Steps to edit Powerpoint in WPS:

Step 1: Download and install WPS Office

Step 2: Open WPS Presentation (PowerPoint)

To edit a PowerPoint presentation: use the toolbar to add slides, text, images, and other objects.

Step 4:  Save Your Changes:

After making edits, click on "File" -> Choose "Save" to overwrite the existing file or "Save As" to create a new version.

Step 5: Close the Document:

When you're done editing, click on the "X" button in the top-right corner to close the document

Save your change

Step 6: Exit WPS Office:  

Click on "File." -> Select "Exit" to close the application.

Congratulations! You've successfully edited PowerPoint documents using WPS Office.

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Q1: How do you write a reference list in PPT?

To create a reference list in PowerPoint:

a. Choose a citation style (e.g., APA, MLA).

b. Collect source information.

c. Create a new slide for your reference list.

d. Format it according to the chosen style.

e. List your sources with full details.

f. Ensure in-text citations match your reference list.

Q2: How do you in text cite a website in PowerPoint?

In-text citations for websites in a PowerPoint presentation:

a. Include the author's last name and publication date, e.g., (Smith, 2022).

b. If no author, use the title or organization name, e.g., ("Website Title," 2022).

c. If no publication date, use "n.d."

d. Add page numbers if quoting directly.

Q3: How do you format citations for books in PowerPoint?

To format citations for books in PowerPoint, follow these guidelines:

In-text citation: Include the author's last name and the publication year in parentheses, e.g., (Smith, 2022).

Reference list: List the book's citation details, including the author(s), book title in italics, publication date in parentheses, publisher, and page numbers (if applicable). Follow the specific citation style (e.g., APA, MLA) for formatting details.

Q4: Can you use footnotes for citations in a PowerPoint presentation?

Yes, you can use footnotes for citations in a PowerPoint presentation. To do so:

Insert a footnote on the slide where you want to provide additional citation information.

Include the full citation details in the footnote, including the author, publication date, title, and any other relevant information.

Make sure to format the footnote according to the chosen citation style.

Q5: How can you avoid plagiarism in a PowerPoint presentation?

To avoid plagiarism in a PowerPoint presentation:

Properly cite all sources you use, including text, images, and data.

Use quotation marks for direct quotes and provide in-text citations.

Paraphrase information from sources while still citing them.

Create a thorough reference list at the end of your presentation.

Follow your institution's or publication's guidelines for proper citation.

This comprehensive guide covers citing sources in PowerPoint presentations, emphasizing the importance of proper citations and the use of in-text citations in APA, MLA, and Chicago styles. In-text citations are crucial for maintaining academic integrity, credibility, and avoiding plagiarism.

To cite a PowerPoint presentation correctly, select the appropriate citation style (APA, MLA, or Chicago), gather essential information like author, title, date, and URL, and apply the specific citation format. It's essential to update citations when source details change, and reference management tools can facilitate this process. WPS Office , a useful tool for creating and editing presentations, offers a range of features, including a powerful PDF toolkit, templates, collaboration options, and safety and stability.

• 1. How to Cite a PowerPoint in APA [A Complete Guide]
• 2. How to Cite a PowerPoint in MLA Style The Beginner’s Guide
• 3. How to Cite Sources in a PowerPoint_ A Comprehensive Guide
• 4. How to Cite a PDF in MLA without an Author: A Comprehensive Guide
• 5. How to Cite in a PowerPoint (APA, MLA, Chicago Style) The Ultimate Guide
• 6. Do You Know How to Cite a PDF in APA 7th Edition?

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Citing Sources in PowerPoint

Citing sources in PowerPoint (or other presentation systems) can be treated just like a research paper. Remember:

• Cite quotes, paraphrased text, images, tables, sound files, and video on the appropriate slide, just like an in-text citation
• Include a reference list

For more help and examples see the links below!

• APA Style Presentations - Bennett College
• MLA Style PowerPoint Presentations - Bennett College

Using Chicago

• Chicago Citation Guide for Presentations - Emory University
• << Previous: MLA
• Next: Why Cite? >>
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If you need to rename the presentation, select the title and retype the name.

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Select the slide you want your new slide to follow.

Select Home > New Slide .

Select Layout and the you type want from the drop-down.

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How to Cite in PowerPoint

PowerPoint presentations are often used for academic and professional purposes, making it important to properly cite sources to avoid plagiarism and give proper credit to the original author. In this article, we will explore the various citation styles available for use in PowerPoint and the steps involved in citing sources in your presentation.

Table of Contents

Why Citing Sources in PowerPoint is Important

Creating a PowerPoint presentation usually involves the use of a variety of sources such as books, articles, websites, images, and graphics. Failing to acknowledge the original author of any of these sources through appropriate citations may lead to accusations of plagiarism, which could damage your reputation and credibility.

Furthermore, proper citation ensures that your audience understands the sources you used and can verify the accuracy of your information. This is particularly important in academic and professional settings where accurate information is essential.

Additionally, citing sources in your PowerPoint presentation shows that you have conducted thorough research and have a deep understanding of the topic. It also demonstrates your respect for the intellectual property of others and acknowledges their contributions to your work. By citing your sources, you are giving credit where credit is due and upholding ethical standards in your field.

Different Citation Styles for PowerPoint Presentations

When creating a PowerPoint presentation, you can choose from various citation styles, including APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and many others. Each style has its own unique rules for formatting citations. It’s important to choose one style and remain consistent throughout your presentation.

For example, APA style requires in-text citations that include the author’s name and year of publication in parentheses, while MLA style requires in-text citations that include the author’s last name and page number. Chicago style uses footnotes or endnotes for citations, and Harvard style uses author-date citations.

It’s also important to note that different academic disciplines may prefer different citation styles. For instance, social sciences often use APA style, while humanities tend to use MLA style. Additionally, some citation styles may be more appropriate for certain types of sources. For example, Chicago style is commonly used for historical research, while Harvard style is often used in the sciences.

How to Insert In-Text Citations in PowerPoint

The process of inserting in-text citations in PowerPoint is manual as PowerPoint does not have a built-in citation feature like Word. First, you need to manually type the citation at the appropriate place in your text. The citation should be in the format required by the citation style you are using.

Once you’ve inserted an in-text citation in your PowerPoint presentation, you can easily edit it by selecting the text and typing the changes you want to make. This will allow you to add or delete information, such as the author’s name or page number, as needed.

It is important to note that in-text citations should be used whenever you are referencing information from a source in your PowerPoint presentation. This not only gives credit to the original author, but also helps to avoid plagiarism. Additionally, including in-text citations can make your presentation more credible and professional.

Another helpful tip is to include a reference slide at the end of your presentation, which lists all of the sources you used in your research. This slide should include the full citation information for each source, such as the author’s name, title of the work, and publication date. This will allow your audience to easily access and verify the information you presented.

How to Create a Reference List in PowerPoint

In addition to in-text citations, it’s important to include a reference list at the end of your PowerPoint presentation. This should include all sources used in your presentation, arranged in alphabetical order by the author’s last name. Each source should include the author’s name, the title of the source, the date of publication, and the location of the publisher.

To create a reference list in PowerPoint, you will need to manually type out each reference on a new slide at the end of your presentation. The references should be formatted according to your chosen citation style.

It’s important to note that the reference list should only include sources that were cited in your presentation. If you mentioned a source in your presentation but did not directly quote or paraphrase it, it does not need to be included in the reference list. Additionally, if you used any images or graphics from a source, be sure to include a citation for those as well.

How to Use Footnotes in PowerPoint Presentations

Footnotes can be used in PowerPoint presentations as an alternative to in-text citations. Footnotes are typically indicated by a number or symbol that appears in the text, with the corresponding footnote at the bottom of the slide.

To insert a footnote in PowerPoint, you will need to manually type the number or symbol at the appropriate place in your text and then type the corresponding footnote at the bottom of the slide.

It is important to note that footnotes should be used sparingly in PowerPoint presentations, as they can be distracting to the audience. Only use footnotes for important information that cannot be included in the main body of the slide.

Additionally, when using footnotes, make sure to format them consistently throughout the presentation. This includes using the same numbering or symbol system and keeping the font size and style consistent.

Tips for Citing Images and Graphics in PowerPoint

Images and graphics can be a valuable addition to your PowerPoint presentation, but it’s important to properly credit the original source. When using images or graphics, you should include a caption or credit at the bottom of the slide to acknowledge the source of the image.

If the image is from a credited source, be sure to include the name of the source and the type of license the image is under. If the image is from an uncredited source, you can try doing a reverse image search to locate the original source.

Common Mistakes to Avoid When Citing Sources in PowerPoint

When citing sources in PowerPoint, there are several common mistakes to avoid. One of the most common mistakes is failing to include a citation for every source used in the presentation.

Another mistake is using too many direct quotes. Direct quotes should be used sparingly, and only when the original wording is essential to your argument. Finally, be sure to properly format your citations according to your chosen citation style.

The Importance of Accurately Citing Sources in Academic Presentations

Accurately citing sources is essential in academic presentations because it demonstrates an understanding of the topic being presented and shows respect for the original author’s work.

In addition, accurate citations can help to support your argument and demonstrate the validity of your research. By providing proper citations in your presentation, you’re showing your audience that you’ve done your due diligence to find accurate information and acknowledge the contributions of others in your field of study.

How to Format Citations Correctly in PowerPoint Slides

Properly formatting citations in PowerPoint slides is essential to avoid confusion and maintain consistency throughout your presentation. To ensure your citations are formatted correctly, be sure to follow the guidelines set by your chosen citation style.

For example, if you’re using APA style, in-text citations should include the author’s name and year of publication. In addition, the reference list should be formatted alphabetically by the author’s last name, with each source including the author’s name, the title of the source, the date of publication, and the location of the publisher.

Understanding Copyright Laws and Fair Use in PowerPoint Presentations

When using images or graphics in PowerPoint presentations, it’s important to understand copyright laws and fair use. Copyright laws protect the original creator of the image or graphic and restrict their use without permission.

However, fair use allows for the use of copyrighted material for specific purposes such as education, research, and criticism. When using images or graphics in PowerPoint presentations, be sure to follow the guidelines for fair use and give proper credit to the original creator.

Tools and Resources for Simplifying the Citation Process in PowerPoint

There are several tools and resources available to help simplify the citation process in PowerPoint. One tool is the citation generator available in Microsoft Word, which can create proper citations based on your chosen citation style. These citations can then be manually copied into your PowerPoint presentation.

Other resources include online citation generators and citation management software, such as Zotero, EndNote, and Mendeley. These software tools can help you store and organize your sources and create properly formatted citations and reference lists for your PowerPoint presentations.

Best Practices for Citing Sources from the Web in PowerPoint

Sources from the web are increasingly common in PowerPoint presentations, but it’s important to properly cite these sources using the appropriate citation style.

When citing sources from the web, include the name of the website, the date the content was published or accessed, and the URL of the page. Be sure to verify the credibility of the source and avoid citing unreliable or biased websites.

How to Edit and Update Citations in Your Presentation

After you’ve inserted citations into your PowerPoint presentation, you may need to edit or update them as your research progresses.

To edit or update citations, select the text and manually type the changes you want to make. This will allow you to change the author’s name, the date of publication, or other relevant information. Remember to update your reference list accordingly to reflect any changes made to your citations.

Incorporating Citations into Your Speaker Notes and Handouts

Speaker notes and handouts can be valuable additions to your PowerPoint presentation as they provide extra information and context to your audience.

When creating speaker notes and handouts, be sure to include your citations to demonstrate the sources of your information. You can include your citations in a separate section of your handout, or directly within your speaker notes.

The Benefits of Using Citation Management Software for Your PowerPoint Presentations

Citation management software, such as Zotero, EndNote, and Mendeley, can significantly simplify the citation process in PowerPoint presentations.

These software tools can help you store and organize your sources, create properly formatted citations and reference lists, and even collaborate with others on your presentation. By using citation management software, you can save time and ensure that your citations are accurate and consistent throughout your presentation.

Citing sources in PowerPoint presentations is an important part of academic and professional communication. By properly citing your sources, you demonstrate your understanding of the topic and show your respect for the original author’s work.

When creating your PowerPoint presentation, choose a citation style and follow the appropriate formatting guidelines. Use in-text citations and a reference list to acknowledge the sources you’ve used, and remember to properly cite images and graphics.

With the help of citation management software and online resources, you can simplify the citation process and create accurate and professional PowerPoint presentations.

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