We believe that a hidden chain of thought presents a unique opportunity for monitoring models. Assuming it is faithful and legible, the hidden chain of thought allows us to "read the mind" of the model and understand its thought process. For example, in the future we may wish to monitor the chain of thought for signs of manipulating the user. However, for this to work the model must have freedom to express its thoughts in unaltered form, so we cannot train any policy compliance or user preferences onto the chain of thought. We also do not want to make an unaligned chain of thought directly visible to users.
Therefore, after weighing multiple factors including user experience, competitive advantage, and the option to pursue the chain of thought monitoring, we have decided not to show the raw chains of thought to users. We acknowledge this decision has disadvantages. We strive to partially make up for it by teaching the model to reproduce any useful ideas from the chain of thought in the answer. For the o1 model series we show a model-generated summary of the chain of thought.
o1 significantly advances the state-of-the-art in AI reasoning. We plan to release improved versions of this model as we continue iterating. We expect these new reasoning capabilities will improve our ability to align models to human values and principles. We believe o1 – and its successors – will unlock many new use cases for AI in science, coding, math, and related fields. We are excited for users and API developers to discover how it can improve their daily work.
Dataset | Metric | gpt-4o | o1-preview | o1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Competition Math AIME (2024) | cons@64 | 13.4 | 56.7 | 83.3 |
pass@1 | 9.3 | 44.6 | 74.4 | |
Competition Code CodeForces | Elo | 808 | 1,258 | 1,673 |
Percentile | 11.0 | 62.0 | 89.0 | |
GPQA Diamond | cons@64 | 56.1 | 78.3 | 78.0 |
pass@1 | 50.6 | 73.3 | 77.3 | |
Biology | cons@64 | 63.2 | 73.7 | 68.4 |
pass@1 | 61.6 | 65.9 | 69.2 | |
Chemistry | cons@64 | 43.0 | 60.2 | 65.6 |
pass@1 | 40.2 | 59.9 | 64.7 | |
Physics | cons@64 | 68.6 | 89.5 | 94.2 |
pass@1 | 59.5 | 89.4 | 92.8 | |
MATH | pass@1 | 60.3 | 85.5 | 94.8 |
MMLU | pass@1 | 88.0 | 92.3 | 90.8 |
MMMU (val) | pass@1 | 69.1 | n/a | 78.2 | pass@1 | 63.8 | n/a | 73.9 |
https://www.anthropic.com/news/claude-3-5-sonnet (opens in a new window) , https://deepmind.google/technologies/gemini/pro (opens in a new window)
Our evaluations used the same 500 problem test split found in https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.20050 (opens in a new window)
https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/68288 (opens in a new window)
Doctoral students participating in a hackathon
By Alexa Kaminski, Ph.D. Student in Sustainability
Completing a Ph.D. is a challenging and rewarding experience unlike any other degree or job that you will embark on. It is important to understand what to expect after you decide that a Ph.D. is right for you.
A Long-Term Commitment: Pursuing a Doctorate is a long-term commitment that requires perseverance. You should have a clear understanding of your motivations and goals upon embarking on the journey, even though they may change throughout the process. Expect to invest several years of focused effort, throughout which you will experience both celebratory moments and challenges that will test your resolve. Typically RIT students complete their degree in 4-5 years.
Importance of the Right Project: Choosing the right project is crucial. Some projects have well-defined, long-term goals that provide the student a clear picture of what they will be working on for the next few years. However, other projects may be earlier in development or have more broad goals that can be met in a variety of ways. Each situation has its own benefits and drawbacks, so you should discuss your personal goals with your advisor early on to ensure it’s a good fit.
Importance of the Right Supervisor: Your supervisor or advisor is one of the most influential people in your doctorate journey. It’s important to develop a strong working relationship and a style of communication that works well for both of you. They will provide the support and guidance you will need throughout your time here.
Structured Yet Independent Work Environment: Doing a Ph.D. resembles a full-time job in terms of commitment and responsibility. Depending on your project and relationship with your advisor and collaborators, you will likely have a flexible schedule and long-term deadlines that you must maintain adequate progress towards. You’ll need to manage your schedule, set your deadlines, and maintain a disciplined approach to your work with minimal oversight.
Necessity of Organization: Being organized is essential. Expect to juggle multiple tasks, including experiments, writing, and meetings. Regularly setting goals and prioritizing tasks will be critical in managing your workload effectively.
Adaptability and Resilience: Doing a Ph.D. is a learning experience, and setbacks are part of the process. Expect experiments to fail, papers to be revised, and plans to change. Flexibility and resilience will be crucial in overcoming obstacles and finding alternative approaches when things don’t go as expected.
Practical Challenges: Expect practical challenges, such as managing and backing up large amounts of data, scheduling meetings, and seeking help when needed. These day-to-day tasks are integral to your Doctorate journey and require consistent attention.
Building a Professional Network: Expect to interact with a diverse group of people, including technicians, fellow doctorate students, postdocs, and established researchers. RIT’s Doctoral Student Association (DSA) is a great resource to meet other Ph.D. students and learn from others going through the same experience. There will also be opportunities to interact with alumni and other professionals at presentations, job talks, and the career fair. Networking will be a significant part of your doctorate experience, offering opportunities for collaboration, support, and career advancement.
Exploring Career Paths: A doctorate opens various career opportunities that are not limited to academic positions. Many students go on to work in industry roles, science communication, or entrepreneurship. Developing an idea of your ideal career path early in your Ph.D. journey is important, so that you have time to prioritize developing the skills that will be most helpful for the career you want. Utilizing your professional network or alumni from your department can help you learn about different career options.
Balancing Work and Life: Maintaining a work-life balance will be essential. You will experience differing waves of workloads as your projects progress, and it’s important to make time for yourself even during busy periods. Rochester has much to offer in terms of events, parks, restaurants, shops, and social groups. Make time to engage with peers and focus on social activities, hobbies, and relaxation. RIT’s DSA and Women in Graduate School (WIGS) organizations both put on professional and social events throughout the year that can help you take a break from your work. Maintaining a social group will help you maintain a healthy lifestyle, stay motivated, and avoid burnout.
Personal and Professional Growth: Despite the challenges, expect significant personal and professional growth. By the end of your doctorate, you will have developed expertise in your field, gained valuable skills, and achieved a sense of accomplishment that comes with completing a demanding and rewarding journey.
Pursuing a Ph.D. is a demanding yet fulfilling endeavor. By understanding what to expect and preparing for the journey ahead, you can navigate the challenges successfully and make the most of your experience.
Guest Blogger
TigerTalk welcomes members of the RIT community to share their stories, experience, and expertise.
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A Template To Help You Structure Your PhD's Theoretical Framework Chapter. In this guide, I explain how to use the theory framework template. The focus is on the practical things to consider when you're working with the template and how you can give your theory framework the rockstar treatment. Use our free tools, guides and templates to ...
The PhD Discussion Chapter: What It Is & How To Write It. Sep 11, 2023. Your PhD discussion chapter is your thesis's intellectual epicenter. Think of it as the scholarly equivalent of a courtroom closing argument, where you summarise the evidence and make your case. Perhaps that's why it's so tricky - the skills you need in your ...
In total it took me 68 days to write up my thesis (NB 68 to write up the work, not 68 days to complete the PhD!) This is the equivalent of approximately 14 working weeks, assuming a five day week. It needs to be borne in mind, however, that I was a part-time student. In practice the writing up was done over the last seven months of the four and ...
Most dissertations are 100 to 300 pages in length. All dissertations should be divided into appropriate sections, and long dissertations may need chapters, main divisions, and even subdivisions. Students should keep in mind that GSAS and many departments deplore overlong and wordy dissertations.
You create a tiny text using a five-paragraph structure: The first sentence addresses the broad context. This locates the study in a policy, practice or research field. The second sentence establishes a problem related to the broad context you have set out. It often starts with "But", "Yet" or "However".
Step 1: Restate your research problem and research questions. The first step in writing up your discussion chapter is to remind your reader of your research problem, as well as your research aim (s) and research questions. If you have hypotheses, you can also briefly mention these.
These two chapters are the easiest to write as in Chapter 4 you are reporting your results and in Chapter 5 you explain what the results mean. ... Variables That Affect How Long It Takes to Write A Dissertation . ... PhD by publication, also known as "PhD by portfolio" or "PhD by published works," is a relatively new route to completing ...
So, in a nutshell, the discussion and conclusion chapters of your PhD dissertation are all about making sense of your research and thinking about what it means for the big picture. The discussion chapter digs into the details of your findings and how you got them. The conclusion chapter zooms out to look at the broader implications and what ...
Craft a convincing dissertation or thesis research proposal. Write a clear, compelling introduction chapter. Undertake a thorough review of the existing research and write up a literature review. Undertake your own research. Present and interpret your findings. Draw a conclusion and discuss the implications.
A dissertation is a lengthy research paper written as a requirement to earn an academic degree. Typically, students must write a dissertation toward the end of their program to both prove their knowledge and contribute new research to their field. The term dissertation is sometimes used interchangeably with thesis paper.
2. Determine a clear structure. The first step in organizing a perfect discussion chapter for a PhD thesis is to divide them into separate sections that move from a particular result to implications. However, depending on your PhD thesis topics, you may utilize the followings: Analyze and summarize your main findings.
A PhD thesis (or dissertation) is typically 60,000 to 120,000 words (100 to 300 pages in length) organised into chapters, divisions and subdivisions (with roughly 10,000 words per chapter) - from introduction (with clear aims and objectives) to conclusion. The structure of a dissertation will vary depending on discipline (humanities, social ...
A Guide to Writing a PhD Thesis. A PhD thesis is a work of original research all students are requiured to submit in order to succesfully complete their PhD. The thesis details the research that you carried out during the course of your doctoral degree and highlights the outcomes and conclusions reached. The PhD thesis is the most important ...
A Practical Guide to Dissertation and Thesis Writing. By Mark Stephan Felix and Ian Smith. This book first published 2019. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Respect the word limit. Don't be vague - the abstract should be a self-contained summary of the research, so don't introduce ambiguous words or complex terms. Focus on just four or five essential points, concepts, or findings. Don't, for example, try to explain your entire theoretical framework. Edit it carefully.
Overview: Writing The Methodology Chapter. Develop a (rough) outline before you start writing. Draw inspiration from similar studies in your topic area. Justify every research design choice that you make. Err on the side of too much detail, rather than too little. Back up every design choice by referencing literature. 1.
A dissertation is a long-form piece of academic writing based on original research conducted by you. It is usually submitted as the final step in order to finish a PhD program. Your dissertation is probably the longest piece of writing you've ever completed. It requires solid research, writing, and analysis skills, and it can be intimidating ...
I call this advice the Rule of Three. Typically, they get told that their thesis: Will take 3 months to write. Should have 3 results chapters. Should be 300 pages. These bits of advice have one thing in common: they are all wrong. If you have been organised (see below), it should not take 3 months to write a PhD thesis.
Unfortunately, there's no one size fits all answer to this question. However, from the analysis of over 100 PhD theses, the average thesis length is between 80,000 and 100,000 words. A further analysis of 1000 PhD thesis shows the average number of pages to be 204. In reality, the actual word count for each PhD thesis will depend on the ...
Work with your thesis supervisor to plan the structure and format of your PhD thesis. Be prepared to rewrite each section, as you work out rough drafts. Don't get discouraged by this process. It's typical. Make your writing interesting. Academic writing has a reputation of being very dry.
Approach this by thinking about what readers should understand by the end of the thesis. Ensure you: Give a clear explanation of the purpose and goals of your study. Outline each aim concisely. Explain how you will measure your objectives. Ensure there is a clear connection between each aim.
An effective PhD thesis introduction does three things: 1. Establish your research territory (by situating your research in a broader context) One of the first things the introduction should do is to provide general statements that outline the importance of the topic and provide enough background information so that the reader can understand ...
Overview of the structure. To help guide your reader, end your introduction with an outline of the structure of the thesis or dissertation to follow. Share a brief summary of each chapter, clearly showing how each contributes to your central aims. However, be careful to keep this overview concise: 1-2 sentences should be enough.
Let's break this down step by step based on the example: 1. Example given: • Input: oyfjdnisdr rtqwainr acxz mynzbhhx • Output: Think step by step By examining the words: • The pattern involves selecting specific letters or transforming them. 2. Now, let's decode the new phrase: • Input: oyekaijzdf aaptcg suaokybhai ouow aqht mynznvaatzacdfoulxxz
Expect to juggle multiple tasks, including experiments, writing, and meetings. Regularly setting goals and prioritizing tasks will be critical in managing your workload effectively. Adaptability and Resilience: Doing a Ph.D. is a learning experience, and setbacks are part of the process. Expect experiments to fail, papers to be revised, and ...