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Epic Poetry: Characteristics, Elements, and Examples

An epic poem is an elaborate narrative about an important event. It contains a character of incredible stature and courage who performs superhuman deeds with valor in terrific battles or journeys, and these glorious deeds are of national significance. This Penlighten article tells you about the characteristics and examples of epic poetry.

The word ‘epic’ has its origins in the Greek word, “epos,” which means word or story. An epic poetry is a lengthy narrative poem about a subject which is linked with the deeds of a legendary or heroic character who undergoes a series of adventures, battles or long and arduous journeys in life. The deeds or events of the hero determine the fate of a nation and are of great importance to the nation or race. The poem is written in a highly styled and formal manner.

Epics come from oral poetic traditions of the past. In oral traditions, poetry is introduced to the audience through means like audiotapes or videotapes, or carried forward from older generations to the newer ones. Some of the prominent names in epic poetry include Homer, Virgil, Ovid, Dante, Edmund Spenser, and Milton.

The hero in the poem is a figure of heroic stature or national significance. He is usually a warrior who faces opponents and performs courageous deeds that are valued by the nation.
The setting of the poem is vast and could include land, seas, oceans, the world, or even the whole universe.
The deeds are those which require great heroism, spirit, and bravery.
Supernatural or other worldly forces or beings such as Gods, angels, or demons are introduced and they play an active part in the actions of the heroic character.
Epic poems are written in a formal manner and they often use exaggeration.
The poet presents everything with knowledge and objectivity.
There is invocation of a Muse by the poet before beginning the epic poem, to help him by providing him the emotion, creativity, or articulation of speech to create a poem. The Muse then gives the necessary inspiration to the poet and speaks through the poet’s words to create a poem. Muses are the goddesses and sources of inspiration in literature, science, and art in Greek mythology.
Stating of the theme or subject of the epic poem is done by the poet to the Muse.
It is followed by opening or beginning the narrative in medias res or in the midst of an action and at a crucial time. The beginning of the story is mentioned with a flashback. Flashbacks are descriptions which denote the happening of an event prior to the one with which the poem begins.
Concern is expressed to the future of the nation or to people.
Objects such as ships, places, and heroic or important characters such as warriors and armies are introduced.
That is followed by formal speeches by the main characters.
Epic similes are used at the appropriate places. Also called Homeric similes , epic similes are elaborate comparisons made by using words such as ‘like’ or ‘as’.
Heavy usage of dialogs or similar phrases is made, to describe the characters.

The Epic of Gilgamesh The Epic of Gilgamesh, regarded as the first great work of literature, is an epic poem from ancient Mesopotamia. The poem is about the relationship between Gilgamesh, a king who has become perturbed and demoralized by his rule, and a friend, Enkidu, who undertakes perilous quests with Gilgamesh. The poem focuses deeply on immortality.

Aeneid The Aeneid is a Latin epic poem that is attributed to Virgil. It was written between 29 and 19 BC. It tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who came to Italy, and became the ancestor of the Romans.

Mahabharata This is an ancient Indian epic and the longest poem ever written. It is attributed to Vyasa. It tells us about the Kurukshetra War and also has divine and philosophical material.

Iliad It is an ancient Greek epic poem attributed to Homer. Set in the Trojan War, it describes the battle of Troy (Ilium), one of the most significant events in Greek mythology.

Odyssey It is an Ancient Greek epic poem attributed to Homer. It was probably written around the end of 8th century BC. The poem is about a Greek hero, Odysseus, and his journey back to Ithaca, his home after ten years following the fall of Troy.

Paradise Lost Paradise Lost is an epic poem of the 17th-century written by John Milton. It tells about the temptation and fall of Adam and Eve.

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Writing About Poetry

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Writing about poetry can be one of the most demanding tasks that many students face in a literature class. Poetry, by its very nature, makes demands on a writer who attempts to analyze it that other forms of literature do not. So how can you write a clear, confident, well-supported essay about poetry? This handout offers answers to some common questions about writing about poetry.

What's the Point?

In order to write effectively about poetry, one needs a clear idea of what the point of writing about poetry is. When you are assigned an analytical essay about a poem in an English class, the goal of the assignment is usually to argue a specific thesis about the poem, using your analysis of specific elements in the poem and how those elements relate to each other to support your thesis.

So why would your teacher give you such an assignment? What are the benefits of learning to write analytic essays about poetry? Several important reasons suggest themselves:

To help you learn to make a text-based argument. That is, to help you to defend ideas based on a text that is available to you and other readers. This sharpens your reasoning skills by forcing you to formulate an interpretation of something someone else has written and to support that interpretation by providing logically valid reasons why someone else who has read the poem should agree with your argument. This isn't a skill that is just important in academics, by the way. Lawyers, politicians, and journalists often find that they need to make use of similar skills.
To help you to understand what you are reading more fully. Nothing causes a person to make an extra effort to understand difficult material like the task of writing about it. Also, writing has a way of helping you to see things that you may have otherwise missed simply by causing you to think about how to frame your own analysis.
To help you enjoy poetry more! This may sound unlikely, but one of the real pleasures of poetry is the opportunity to wrestle with the text and co-create meaning with the author. When you put together a well-constructed analysis of the poem, you are not only showing that you understand what is there, you are also contributing to an ongoing conversation about the poem. If your reading is convincing enough, everyone who has read your essay will get a little more out of the poem because of your analysis.

What Should I Know about Writing about Poetry?

Most importantly, you should realize that a paper that you write about a poem or poems is an argument. Make sure that you have something specific that you want to say about the poem that you are discussing. This specific argument that you want to make about the poem will be your thesis. You will support this thesis by drawing examples and evidence from the poem itself. In order to make a credible argument about the poem, you will want to analyze how the poem works—what genre the poem fits into, what its themes are, and what poetic techniques and figures of speech are used.

What Can I Write About?

Theme: One place to start when writing about poetry is to look at any significant themes that emerge in the poetry. Does the poetry deal with themes related to love, death, war, or peace? What other themes show up in the poem? Are there particular historical events that are mentioned in the poem? What are the most important concepts that are addressed in the poem?

Genre: What kind of poem are you looking at? Is it an epic (a long poem on a heroic subject)? Is it a sonnet (a brief poem, usually consisting of fourteen lines)? Is it an ode? A satire? An elegy? A lyric? Does it fit into a specific literary movement such as Modernism, Romanticism, Neoclassicism, or Renaissance poetry? This is another place where you may need to do some research in an introductory poetry text or encyclopedia to find out what distinguishes specific genres and movements.

Versification: Look closely at the poem's rhyme and meter. Is there an identifiable rhyme scheme? Is there a set number of syllables in each line? The most common meter for poetry in English is iambic pentameter, which has five feet of two syllables each (thus the name "pentameter") in each of which the strongly stressed syllable follows the unstressed syllable. You can learn more about rhyme and meter by consulting our handout on sound and meter in poetry or the introduction to a standard textbook for poetry such as the Norton Anthology of Poetry . Also relevant to this category of concerns are techniques such as caesura (a pause in the middle of a line) and enjambment (continuing a grammatical sentence or clause from one line to the next). Is there anything that you can tell about the poem from the choices that the author has made in this area? For more information about important literary terms, see our handout on the subject.

Figures of speech: Are there literary devices being used that affect how you read the poem? Here are some examples of commonly discussed figures of speech:

metaphor: comparison between two unlike things
simile: comparison between two unlike things using "like" or "as"
metonymy: one thing stands for something else that is closely related to it (For example, using the phrase "the crown" to refer to the king would be an example of metonymy.)
synecdoche: a part stands in for a whole (For example, in the phrase "all hands on deck," "hands" stands in for the people in the ship's crew.)
personification: a non-human thing is endowed with human characteristics
litotes: a double negative is used for poetic effect (example: not unlike, not displeased)
irony: a difference between the surface meaning of the words and the implications that may be drawn from them

Cultural Context: How does the poem you are looking at relate to the historical context in which it was written? For example, what's the cultural significance of Walt Whitman's famous elegy for Lincoln "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloomed" in light of post-Civil War cultural trends in the U.S.A? How does John Donne's devotional poetry relate to the contentious religious climate in seventeenth-century England? These questions may take you out of the literature section of your library altogether and involve finding out about philosophy, history, religion, economics, music, or the visual arts.

What Style Should I Use?

It is useful to follow some standard conventions when writing about poetry. First, when you analyze a poem, it is best to use present tense rather than past tense for your verbs. Second, you will want to make use of numerous quotations from the poem and explain their meaning and their significance to your argument. After all, if you do not quote the poem itself when you are making an argument about it, you damage your credibility. If your teacher asks for outside criticism of the poem as well, you should also cite points made by other critics that are relevant to your argument. A third point to remember is that there are various citation formats for citing both the material you get from the poems themselves and the information you get from other critical sources. The most common citation format for writing about poetry is the Modern Language Association (MLA) format .

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Writing Poetry

Mastering the Art of Epic Poetry: A Guide to Writing a Memorable and Impactful Poem

Epic poetry is a centuries-old form of storytelling that has the power to transport readers to different worlds and times, and to leave a lasting impression. If you’re interested in writing an epic poem, there are a few key elements that you should keep in mind to ensure that your work is both memorable and impactful.

Guide to Epic Poetry

Choose a subject that is grand in scope. Epic poetry is all about telling a big story, so it’s important to choose a subject that is worthy of that kind of treatment. Consider choosing a subject that has universal themes and resonates with readers on a deep level.
Develop a strong narrative arc. Epic poetry follows a clear narrative arc, with a beginning, middle, and end. Make sure that your poem has a clear structure and that each section builds on the one before it.
Use descriptive language. Epic poetry is known for its rich and detailed descriptions, so make sure to use descriptive language to paint a vivid picture of the world and characters in your poem.
Incorporate symbols and motifs. A great epic poem will have symbols and motifs that run throughout the work, adding depth and meaning to the story.
Use a formal verse structure. Epic poetry is typically written in a formal verse structure, such as hexameter or pentameter. Using a formal verse structure will give your poem a sense of timelessness and grandeur.
Be willing to revise and edit your work. Writing an epic poem is a big undertaking and it’s important to be willing to revise and edit your work until it’s the best it can be.

Keywords: epic poetry, writing an epic poem, narrative arc, descriptive language, symbols and motifs, formal verse structure, revising and editing.

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How To Write Epic Poetry

Epic poetry is a type of poetry that tells a story. It is often long and descriptive, and can be used to tell the story of a hero or a battle. If you want to learn how to write epic poetry, here are a few tips:

1. Choose a good topic. Epic poetry is often about heroic deeds or great battles, so choose a topic that interests you.

2. Start with a strong opening. The opening of your poem should capture the reader’s attention and make them want to read more.

3. Write in a descriptive style. Epic poetry is often rich in detail, so take your time to describe your characters and setting.

4. Use strong language. Epic poetry is often powerful and dramatic, so use strong verbs and adjectives to create a powerful effect.

5. Tell a story. Epic poetry often tells a story, so make sure your poem has a clear plot and characters.

6. Use rhyme and meter. Epic poetry often uses rhyme and meter to create a musical effect.

7. Edit and revise. Epic poetry can be long and complex, so take the time to revise your poem and make sure it reads well.

How is epic poetry written?

Epic poetry is traditionally written in verse, and tells a long and complex story. It is often based on historical events or legends, and can be moral or religious in nature. The writing of epic poetry is a complex process, and it can take many years to write a successful epic poem.

The first step in writing an epic poem is to come up with a good story. The story should be interesting, and it should be easy to follow. It is also important to choose the right subject matter for an epic poem. The story should be something that is worth writing about, and it should be something that the writer is passionate about.

Once the story has been chosen, the next step is to come up with a plot. The plot should be well-organized, and it should move the story along at a good pace. The writer must also decide on the tone of the poem, and choose the right words to express it.

Once the plot and tone have been decided on, the writer can start writing the poem. The first few lines of the poem should capture the reader’s attention, and make them want to read on. The poem should also be well-paced, and the writer should make sure that there is something interesting happening on every page.

It takes a lot of hard work and dedication to write a successful epic poem. The writer must be willing to put in the time and effort, and they must also be willing to make changes to the story as needed. If the writer is passionate about their subject, and if they are willing to work hard, then they can create a masterpiece that will be remembered for years to come.

What are the 7 elements of an epic?

An epic is a long, narrative poem that tells the story of a heroic figure or group of figures. Epics often explore universal themes such as love, war, and betrayal. They are often told in a grand, sweeping style.

There are seven essential elements of an epic. These are:

1. A hero or heroine: The hero or heroine is the central character of the epic, and the story revolves around him or her. The hero is often larger-than-life, and embodies the qualities of courage, strength, and nobility.

2. A quest: The hero is often on a quest, a journey to fulfill a task or mission.

3. Epic battles: The hero often participates in epic battles against powerful enemies.

4. A larger-than-life setting: The setting of an epic is often grand and sweeping, often featuring majestic landscapes or ancient civilizations.

5. The clash of good and evil: The epic often explores the battle between good and evil, and the hero often represents the forces of good.

6. A moral or lesson: The epic often contains a moral or lesson, teaching readers about important values and virtues.

7. An emotional climax: The emotional climax of an epic is often a moment of great suspense or excitement, when the fate of the hero is in doubt.

How do you start an epic?

An epic is a long and complex story that usually tells the story of a hero or heroine who goes on a journey and faces many challenges. There are many different ways to start an epic, but some of the most common techniques include introducing the characters and setting, setting up the conflict, or starting with a dramatic event.

One of the most important things to keep in mind when starting an epic is to introduce the characters and setting in a way that engages the reader. The first few pages should be exciting and make the reader want to keep reading. You can do this by providing a lot of detail about the characters and their world, by showing the conflict that they are facing, or by starting with a dramatic event.

Another important element of an epic is the conflict. The conflict can be physical, emotional, or spiritual, and it should be something that the hero or heroine is struggling with. This can be a personal conflict, such as a battle between good and evil, or a conflict between the characters and their environment.

Finally, it is important to start the story with a bang. The first few pages should be exciting and make the reader want to keep reading. You can do this by providing a lot of detail about the characters and their world, by showing the conflict that they are facing, or by starting with a dramatic event.

How does an epic poetry begin?

Epic poetry typically begins with a invocation to the muse. The poet asks the muse to inspire him or her to write a great poem. The poet then describes the scene before him or her and introduces the main characters. The poet typically spends a great deal of time describing the characters’ physical appearance and their virtues. The poet then tells the story of the characters’ exploits, often ending with a moral lesson.

What is the beginning of an epic poem called?

Epic poems are long, narrative poems that recount the heroic deeds of a legendary figure or group of figures. They can be traced back to ancient Greece and Rome, where poets like Homer and Virgil wrote epics about the exploits of gods and heroes.

The beginning of an epic poem is called the exposition. This is where the poet introduces the characters and setting of the poem, as well as the main plot or conflict. In many ways, the exposition is like a miniature version of the entire poem, giving readers a taste of what’s to come.

Epic poems can be divided into three main sections: the introduction, the main body, and the conclusion. The introduction sets the scene and introduces the main characters; the main body tells the story of the epic; and the conclusion wraps up the story and brings the poem to a close.

Epic poems are often celebrated for their grand scope and sweeping narratives. They offer a glimpse into another time and place, and allow readers to explore the human experience in all its glory.

How do I write an epic poem?

There is no one answer to this question, as it depends on what you consider an epic poem to be. However, there are some general tips that may help you write an epic poem of your own.

First, you should start by brainstorming ideas and gathering inspiration. This may involve reading classic epic poems like The Odyssey or The Iliad, or simply looking for inspiration in nature, mythology, or your own life. Once you have a strong idea of what you want to write about, you can begin drafting your poem.

In terms of structure, an epic poem typically has three main parts: the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. The introduction should introduce your characters and setting, while the body is where the bulk of the action takes place. The conclusion should wrap up the story and leave the reader with a sense of closure.

As for style, it is typically best to adopt a formal, poetic tone. This may take some practice, but it is important to be precise with your words and use strong imagery to bring your story to life.

Ultimately, the most important thing is to simply have fun with it and let your creativity flow. If you enjoy writing, the process will be more enjoyable and the end result will be that much better.

What is the style of epic poetry?

Epic poetry is a type of poetry that tells a long and complex story. It usually has a heroic character who goes on a long journey and faces many challenges. The language and style of epic poetry is often very formal and ornate.

What are the 3 characteristics of epic poems?

The three common characteristics of epic poems are as follows:

1. They are long poems that recount the heroic deeds of a legendary hero or heroes.

2. They are often composed in an elevated style, and use formal language that is meant to be impressive and memorable.

3. They typically deal with serious, weighty themes such as war, love, and the human condition.

What are the 5 characteristics of an epic?

An epic is a long poem that tells the story of a heroic figure or event. The poem typically has five characteristics:

1. It is long.

2. It tells the story of a heroic figure or event.

3. It is written in a poetic form.

4. It is often inspired by a historical event or figure.

5. It is meant to be performed or read aloud.

What are the 7 characteristics of an epic hero?

An epic hero is a character in an epic poem who is larger than life and embodies the ideals of the culture. He is brave, strong, and intelligent. He often has a tragic flaw that leads to his downfall.

What are the 10 characteristics of an epic?

An epic is a long, narrative poem that tells the story of heroic deeds and events. The 10 characteristics of an epic poem are:

1. The poem should be long, with many episodes and a large cast of characters.

2. The story should be based on heroic deeds and events.

3. The poem should be written in an elevated style, using elevated language and poetic devices.

4. The poem should be narrated by a single, all-knowing narrator.

5. The poem should be divided into episodes, each of which should be narrated in turn.

6. The story should be populated by a variety of characters, including heroes, villains, and supporting characters.

7. The plot should be based on a series of conflicts between the heroes and villains.

8. The poem should be structured around a series of moral or ethical themes.

9. The poem should be imbued with a sense of destiny or fate.

10. The poem should be a celebration of the human spirit.

What are the elements of the epic of Gilgamesh?

The epic of Gilgamesh is a Mesopotamian poem that tells the story of a king who is trying to find a way to escape death. The poem has many different elements, including adventure, love, and tragedy.

One of the most important elements of the epic of Gilgamesh is adventure. The poem is full of thrilling scenes in which Gilgamesh and his companion, Enkidu, fight monsters and travel to faraway lands. These scenes help to keep the story exciting and keep the reader engaged.

Another important element of the epic of Gilgamesh is love. Gilgamesh falls in love with a woman named Siduri, and the two of them share a touching moment together. Gilgamesh is also forced to confront his own mortality, and in doing so, he comes to understand the importance of love.

Lastly, the epic of Gilgamesh is a tragedy. Gilgamesh is unable to escape death, and in the end, he must face the fact that he will one day die. This makes the story feel emotionally powerful and moving.

How does an epic begin?

How does an epic begin? The answer to this question is not a simple one, as there is no one formula for creating an epic. However, there are some general elements that are often found in epic tales.

One common feature of epics is that they often involve a journey. The hero may be called upon to leave his home and travel to far-off lands, or to undertake a quest to save the world. This journey often provides the backdrop for the adventure that unfolds.

Another key element of epics is their scale. Epics often tell stories of great heroes and their struggles against mighty foes. They often explore important themes such as love, loss, and heroism. And they often feature a rich, descriptive language that brings the story to life.

Epics are often seen as the cornerstone of Western literature. They can be traced back to ancient Greece, where poets such as Homer wrote timeless classics such as The Iliad and The Odyssey. These works explored the themes and ideas that have become a staple of the epic genre.

Epics have continued to be popular to this day. Modern examples include J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings and George R.R. Martin’s A Song of Ice and Fire. These books have enjoyed enormous success both in print and on screen.

So, how does an epic begin? In short, there is no one answer to this question. However, epics often share certain common features, including a journey motif and a grandiose scale. If you’re looking to write your own epic, these are a few things to keep in mind.

An epic is a long and detailed story that tells the tale of a hero or heroes who undertake a great journey. Epics typically have 10 main characteristics, which include a grand setting, elevated language, heroic deeds, a quest, tragic events, a spiritual message, love story, comic relief, and an enduring legacy.

The setting of an epic is typically large and grand, often including majestic landscapes and sweeping vistas. The language used in epics is often elevated and ornate, and is meant to add to the grandeur of the story. The deeds of the heroes in an epic are often heroic and impressive, and often include great feats of strength, cunning, or bravery. The quest of the heroes is often the focal point of the story, and the challenges they face along the way can be epic in scale. Tragic events are often a part of epic stories, and can often lead to the downfall of the heroes. However, even in the face of tragedy, epics often have a spiritual message that offers hope and redemption. The love story is often an important part of the narrative, and can add depth and emotion to the story. Comic relief is often used in epics to lighten the mood and provide a break from the tension of the story. And finally, the legacy of an epic is often enduring, with the story continuing to be told and retold for generations.

What is an epic? An epic is a long poem that tells the story of a hero’s journey. The hero may be a legendary figure, like Achilles or King Arthur, or a historical figure, like Julius Caesar or Napoleon. The epic tells the story of the hero’s rise to power and his adventures along the way.

How does an epic begin? There is no one answer to this question, as epics can be written in many different ways. However, there are some common elements that all epics share.

First, epics always start with a prologue, which is a section of the poem that introduces the reader to the story and sets the stage for the action that follows. The prologue may include a description of the hero’s home and family, or it may recount the hero’s heroic deeds in the past.

Second, all epics have a main character who is on a journey. This journey may be physical or spiritual, but it always leads the hero to new and dangerous adventures.

Third, all epics are written in a formal style that reflects the seriousness of the story. The language is often poetic and elevated, and the sentences are often long and complex.

Fourth, all epics culminate in a great battle or conflict that tests the hero’s courage and strength. This battle may be fought against a mortal enemy, or it may be a confrontation with a powerful supernatural creature.

Finally, all epics have a satisfying resolution that brings the story to a satisfying conclusion. The hero may triumph over his enemies, or he may die in the battle and be remembered as a hero forever.

What are the 5 elements of an epic?

An epic is a long, narrative poem that tells the story of a heroic figure or event. Epics often explore the universal themes of love, loss, and courage. They are often told in a formal, elevated style and are often considered to be the highest form of literary art.

There are five elements that are essential to an epic:

1. A hero or heroine

2. A quest or journey

3. A formidable enemy

4. A great victory

5. The celebration of the hero’s deeds

How do you write an epic introduction?

There is no one formula for writing an epic introduction, but there are some general tips that can help you create an introduction that will capture your reader’s attention and make them want to keep reading.

One key to writing an epic introduction is to start with a hook. You can hook your reader by using a rhetorical question, a striking statement, or a juicy bit of gossip. Whatever you do, make sure your hook is relevant to your topic and interesting enough to make your reader want to learn more.

Another important element of an epic introduction is setting the scene. Your introduction should give your reader a sense of the world you are about to introduce them to. You can do this by describing the setting, the characters, or the plot.

Finally, you want to make sure your introduction has a clear thesis statement. This is the point you want to make in your essay and the argument you will be making throughout the rest of your paper.

An epic introduction is not easy to write, but if you follow these tips, you can create an introduction that will engage your reader and make them want to keep reading.

Emerson McKinney is a 31-year-old mother and blogger who focuses on education. Emerson has a Bachelor's degree in Elementary Education from the University of South Carolina. She is currently a stay-at-home mom and blogger who writes about her experiences as a mother and educator. Emerson is also a contributing writer for the Huffington Post.

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Beowulf an Epic Poem Analysis

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Poetry Explained

How to Write a Poetry Essay (Complete Guide)

Unlock success in poetry essays with our comprehensive guide. Uncover the process to help aid understanding of how best to create a poetry essay.

While many of us read poetry for pleasure, it is undeniable that many poetry readers do so in the knowledge that they will be assessed on the text they are reading, either in an exam, for homework, or for a piece of coursework. This is clearly a daunting task for many, and lots of students don’t even know where to begin. We’re here to help! This guide will take you through all the necessary steps so that you can plan and write great poetry essays every time. If you’re still getting to grips with the different techniques, terms, or some other aspect of poetry, then check out our other available resources at the bottom of this page.

This Guide was Created by Joe Samantaria

Degree in English and Related Literature, and a Masters in Irish Literature

Upon completion of his degrees, Joe is an English tutor and counts W.B. Yeats , Emily Brontë , and Federico Garcia Lorca among his favorite poets. He has helped tutor hundreds of students with poetry and aims to do the same for readers and Poetry + users on Poem Analysis.

How to Write a Poetry Essay

1 Before You Start…
2 Introductions
3 Main Paragraphs
4 Conclusions
6 Other Resources

Before You Start…

Before we begin, we must address the fact that all poetry essays are different from one another on account of different academic levels, whether or not the essay pertains to one poem or multiple, and the intended length of the essay. That is before we even contend with the countless variations and distinctions between individual poems. Thus, it is impossible to produce a single, one-size-fits-all template for writing great essays on poetry because the criteria for such an essay are not universal. This guide is, therefore, designed to help you go about writing a simple essay on a single poem, which comes to roughly 1000-1200 words in length. We have designed it this way to mirror the requirements of as many students around the world as possible. It is our intention to write another guide on how to write a comparative poetry essay at a later date. Finally, we would like to stress the fact that this guide is exactly that: a guide. It is not a set of restrictive rules but rather a means of helping you get to grips with writing poetry essays. Think of it more like a recipe that, once practiced a few times, can be modified and adapted as you see fit.

The first and most obvious starting point is the poem itself and there are some important things to do at this stage before you even begin contemplating writing your essay. Naturally, these things will depend on the nature of the essay you are required to write.

Is the poem one you are familiar with?
Do you know anything about the context of the poem or the poet?
How much time do you have to complete the essay?
Do you have access to books or the internet?

These questions matter because they will determine the type, length, and scope of the essay you write. Naturally, an essay written under timed conditions about an unfamiliar poem will look very different from one written about a poem known to you. Likewise, teachers and examiners will expect different things from these essays and will mark them accordingly.

As this article pertains to writing a poverty essay, we’re going to assume you have a grasp of the basics of understanding the poems themselves. There is a plethora of materials available that can help you analyze poetry if you need to, and thousands of analyzed poems are available right here. For the sake of clarity, we advise you to use these tools to help you get to grips with the poem you intend to write about before you ever sit down to actually produce an essay. As we have said, the amount of time spent pondering the poem will depend on the context of the essay. If you are writing a coursework-style question over many weeks, then you should spend hours analyzing the poem and reading extensively about its context. If, however, you are writing an essay in an exam on a poem you have never seen before, you should perhaps take 10-15% of the allotted time analyzing the poem before you start writing.

The Question

Once you have spent enough time analyzing the poem and identifying its key features and themes, you can turn your attention to the question. It is highly unlikely that you will simply be asked to “analyze this poem.” That would be too simple on the one hand and far too broad on the other.

More likely, you will be asked to analyze a particular aspect of the poem, usually pertaining to its message, themes, or meaning. There are numerous ways examiners can express these questions, so we have outlined some common types of questions below.

Explore the poet’s presentation of…
How does the poet present…
Explore the ways the writer portrays their thoughts about…

These are all similar ways of achieving the same result. In each case, the examiner requires that you analyze the devices used by the poet and attempt to tie the effect those devices have to the poet’s broader intentions or meaning.

Some students prefer reading the question before they read the poem, so they can better focus their analytical eye on devices and features that directly relate to the question they are being asked. This approach has its merits, especially for poems that you have not previously seen. However, be wary of focusing too much on a single element of a poem, particularly if it is one you may be asked to write about again in a later exam. It is no good knowing only how a poem links to the theme of revenge if you will later be asked to explore its presentation of time.

Essay plans can help focus students’ attention when they’re under pressure and give them a degree of confidence while they’re writing. In basic terms, a plan needs the following elements:

An overarching answer to the question (this will form the basis of your introduction)
A series of specific, identifiable poetic devices ( metaphors , caesura , juxtaposition , etc) you have found in the poem
Ideas about how these devices link to the poem’s messages or themes.
Some pieces of relevant context (depending on whether you need it for your type of question)

In terms of layout, we do not want to be too prescriptive. Some students prefer to bullet-point their ideas, and others like to separate them by paragraph. If you use the latter approach, you should aim for:

1 Introduction
4-5 Main paragraphs
1 Conclusion

Finally, the length and detail of your plan should be dictated by the nature of the essay you are doing. If you are under exam conditions, you should not spend too much time writing a plan, as you will need that time for the essay itself. Conversely, if you are not under time pressure, you should take your time to really build out your plan and fill in the details.

Introductions

If you have followed all the steps to this point, you should be ready to start writing your essay. All good essays begin with an introduction, so that is where we shall start.

When it comes to introductions, the clue is in the name: this is the place for you to introduce your ideas and answer the question in broad terms. This means that you don’t need to go into too much detail, as you’ll be doing that in the main body of the essay. That means you don’t need quotes, and you’re unlikely to need to quote anything from the poem yet. One thing to remember is that you should mention both the poet’s name and the poem’s title in your introduction. This might seem unnecessary, but it is a good habit to get into, especially if you are writing an essay in which other questions/poems are available to choose from.

As we mentioned earlier, you are unlikely to get a question that simply asks you to analyze a poem in its entirety, with no specific angle. More likely, you’ll be asked to write an essay about a particular thematic element of the poem. Your introduction should reflect this. However, many students fall into the trap of simply regurgitating the question without offering anything more. For example, a question might ask you to explore a poet’s presentation of love, memory, loss, or conflict . You should avoid the temptation to simply hand these terms back in your introduction without expanding upon them. You will get a chance to see this in action below.

Let’s say we were given the following question:

Explore Patrick Kavanagh’s presentation of loss and memory in Memory of My Father

Taking on board the earlier advice, you should hopefully produce an introduction similar to the one written below.

Patrick Kavanagh presents loss as an inescapable fact of existence and subverts the readers’ expectations of memory by implying that memories can cause immense pain, even if they feature loved ones. This essay will argue that Memory of My Father depicts loss to be cyclical and thus emphasizes the difficulties that inevitably occur in the early stages of grief.

As you can see, the introduction is fairly condensed and does not attempt to analyze any specific poetic elements. There will be plenty of time for that as the essay progresses. Similarly, the introduction does not simply repeat the words ‘loss’ and ‘memory’ from the question but expands upon them and offers a glimpse of the kind of interpretation that will follow without providing too much unnecessary detail at this early stage.

Main Paragraphs

Now, we come to the main body of the essay, the quality of which will ultimately determine the strength of our essay. This section should comprise of 4-5 paragraphs, and each of these should analyze an aspect of the poem and then link the effect that aspect creates to the poem’s themes or message. They can also draw upon context when relevant if that is a required component of your particular essay.

There are a few things to consider when writing analytical paragraphs and many different templates for doing so, some of which are listed below.

PEE (Point-Evidence-Explain)
PEA (Point-Evidence-Analysis)
PETAL (Point-Evidence-Technique-Analysis-Link)
IQA (Identify-Quote-Analyze)
PEEL (Point-Evidence-Explain-Link)

Some of these may be familiar to you, and they all have their merits. As you can see, there are all effective variations of the same thing. Some might use different terms or change the order, but it is possible to write great paragraphs using all of them.

One of the most important aspects of writing these kind of paragraphs is selecting the features you will be identifying and analyzing. A full list of poetic features with explanations can be found here. If you have done your plan correctly, you should have already identified a series of poetic devices and begun to think about how they link to the poem’s themes.

It is important to remember that, when analyzing poetry, everything is fair game! You can analyze the language, structure, shape, and punctuation of the poem. Try not to rely too heavily on any single type of paragraph. For instance, if you have written three paragraphs about linguistic features ( similes , hyperbole , alliteration , etc), then try to write your next one about a structural device ( rhyme scheme , enjambment , meter , etc).

Regardless of what structure you are using, you should remember that multiple interpretations are not only acceptable but actively encouraged. Techniques can create effects that link to the poem’s message or themes in both complementary and entirely contrasting ways. All these possibilities should find their way into your essay. You are not writing a legal argument that must be utterly watertight – you are interpreting a subjective piece of art.

It is important to provide evidence for your points in the form of either a direct quotation or, when appropriate, a reference to specific lines or stanzas . For instance, if you are analyzing a strict rhyme scheme, you do not need to quote every rhyming word. Instead, you can simply name the rhyme scheme as, for example, AABB , and then specify whether or not this rhyme scheme is applied consistently throughout the poem or not. When you are quoting a section from the poem, you should endeavor to embed your quotation within your line so that your paragraph flows and can be read without cause for confusion.

When it comes to context, remember to check whether or not your essay question requires it before you begin writing. If you do need to use it, you must remember that it is used to elevate your analysis of the poem, not replace it. Think of context like condiments or spices. When used appropriately, they can enhance the experience of eating a meal, but you would have every right to complain if a restaurant served you a bowl of ketchup in lieu of an actual meal. Moreover, you should remember to only use the contextual information that helps your interpretation rather than simply writing down facts to prove you have memorized them. Examiners will not be impressed that you know the date a particular poet was born or died unless that information relates to the poem itself.

For the sake of ease, let’s return to our earlier question:

Have a look at the example paragraph below, taking note of the ways in which it interprets the linguistic technique in several different ways.

Kavanagh uses a metaphor when describing how the narrator ’s father had “fallen in love with death” in order to capture the narrator’s conflicted attitudes towards his loss. By conflating the ordinarily juxtaposed states of love and death, Kavanagh implies the narrator’s loss has shattered his previously held understanding of the world and left him confused. Similarly, the metaphor could suggest the narrator feels a degree of jealousy, possibly even self-loathing, because their father embraced death willingly rather than remaining with the living. Ultimately, the metaphor’s innate impossibility speaks to the narrator’s desire to rationalize their loss because the reality, that his father simply died, is too painful for him to bear.

As you can see, the paragraph clearly engages with a poetic device and uses an appropriately embedded quotation. The subsequent interpretations are then varied enough to avoid repeating each other, but all clearly link to the theme of loss that was mentioned in the question. Obviously, this is only one analytical paragraph, but a completed essay should contain 4-5. This would allow the writer to analyze enough different devices and link them to both themes mentioned in the question.

Conclusions

By this stage, you should have written the bulk of your essay in the form of your introduction and 4-5 main analytical paragraphs. If you have done those things properly, then the conclusion should largely take care of itself.

The world’s simplest essay plan sounds something like this:

Tell them what you’re going to tell them
Tell them what you’ve told them

This is, naturally, an oversimplification, but it is worth bearing in mind. The conclusion to an essay is not the place to introduce your final, groundbreaking interpretation. Nor is it the place to reveal a hitherto unknown piece of contextual information that shatters any prior critical consensus with regard to the poem you are writing about. If you do either of these things, the examiner will be asking themselves one simple question: why didn’t they write this earlier?

In its most simple form, a conclusion is there, to sum up the points you have made and nothing more.

As with the previous sections, there is a little more to a great conclusion than merely stating the things you have already made. The trick to a great conclusion is to bind those points together to emphasize the essay’s overarching thread or central argument. This is a subtle skill, but mastering it will really help you to finish your essays with a flourish by making your points feel like they are more than the sum of their parts.

Finally, let’s remind ourselves of the hypothetical essay question we’ve been using:

Remember that, just like your introduction, your conclusion should be brief and direct and must not attempt to do more than it needs to.

In conclusion, Kavanagh’s poem utilizes numerous techniques to capture the ways in which loss is both inescapable and a source of enormous pain. Moreover, the poet subverts positive memories by showcasing how they can cause loved ones more pain than comfort in the early stages of grief. Ultimately, the poem demonstrates how malleable memory can be in the face of immense loss due to the way the latter shapes and informs the former.

As you can see, this conclusion is confident and authoritative but does not need to provide evidence to justify this tone because that evidence has already been provided earlier in the essay. You should pay close attention to the manner in which the conclusion links different points together under one banner in order to provide a sense of assuredness.

You should refer to the poet by either using their full name or, more commonly, their surname. After your first usage, you may refer to them as ‘the poet.’ Never refer to the poet using just their first name.

This is a good question, and the answer entirely depends on the level of study as well as the nature of the examination. If you are writing a timed essay for a school exam, you are unlikely to need any form of referencing. If, however, you are writing an essay as part of coursework or at a higher education institution, you may need to refer to the specific guidelines of that institution.

Again, this will depend on the type of essay you are being asked to write. If you are writing a longer essay or writing at a higher educational level, it can be useful to refer to other poems in the writer’s repertoire to help make comments on an aspect of the poem you are primarily writing about. However, for the kind of essay outlined in this article, you should focus solely on the poem you have been asked to write about.

This is one of the most common concerns students have about writing essays . Ultimately, the quality of an essay is more likely to be determined by the quality of paragraphs than the quantity anyway, so you should focus on making your paragraphs as good as they can be. Beyond this, it is important to remember that the time required to write a paragraph is not fixed. The more you write, the faster they will become. You should trust the process, focus on making each paragraph as good as it can be, and you’ll be amazed at how the timing issue takes care of itself.

Other Resources

We hope you have found this article useful and would love for you to comment or reach out to us if you have any queries about what we’ve written. We’d love to hear your feedback!

In the meantime, we’ve collated a list of resources you might find helpful when setting out to tackle a poetry essay, which you can find below.

Do poems have to rhyme?
10 important elements of poetry
How to analyze a poem with SMILE
How to approach unseen poetry
18 Different Types of Themes in Poetry

Home » Poetry Explained » How to Write a Poetry Essay (Complete Guide)

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Santamaria, Joe. "How to Write a Poetry Essay (Complete Guide)". Poem Analysis , https://poemanalysis.com/how-to-write-a-poetry-essay/ . Accessed 13 September 2024.

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How To Write Epic Poetry

Epic poetry has a special significance in the annals of literature. It is far more than a mere composition of words and forms a part of the literary heritage of a culture. Epic poems often contain grand characters, beautiful imagery and sweeping narratives that tap into the collective consciousness. While the genre itself is steeped in extraordinary stories, the challenge is to write an epic poem that stands the test of time.

Creating such a poem is no simple feat and requires the writer to have a high degree of artistry and imagination. Starting from the very basics of structure and form, this piece of literature usually tells a story or narrates a sequence of events over a long period of time and is often written in verse.

According to experts, the foundation of an epic poem rests in its story. Once the writer finds a story that resonates with him, he should start building the sketch of his poem, step by step. Whilst formulating the story, it is important to emphasize on the characters, their motivations and how their lives are affected by the events that take place. This helps in painting a vivid picture in the reader’s mind that grabs their attention and keeps them engaged.

Furthermore, constructing a strong plot-line serves as the backbone of an epic poem. To create such a plot, it is necessary for the writer to have an in-depth knowledge of the chosen story and execute it through an artful technique. To have an effective plot-line, writers must make sure to use vivid descriptions without being over-indulgent or overtly wordy.

Next comes the most complicated aspect of writing an epic poem – the narrative style. This part should be handled with great care since it will pass judgement upon the quality of the story’s structure. The narrative typically involves the use of a multitude of poetic devices such as similes and metaphors in order to illustrate a vivid image in the mind of the reader. Moreover, the writer should use short sentences to help the audience retain the story’s key points as they progress.

The last step is to establish the right rhythm, tone and language. To do this, the writer should use certain poetic elements to bring the poem together as a singular unit. This might include the use of personification to bring characters and situations to life, or using alliterations to add a touch of poetic flair. However, the use of any of these elements requires caution and restraint as too much of them can lead to a flimsy or verbose poem that lacks luster.

Originality of Thought

Original ideas are what makes an epic poem stand out. This can either be achieved by narrating an original story line or by presenting a unique interpretation of an existing tale. In the former case, it is necessary for the writer to bring in an element of surprise or mystery as early as possible to keep the reader engaged. For example, an epic poet could start his poem with a seemingly ordinary situation and then twist the plot to reveal events of greater magnitude. By doing so, the writer might be able to keep the reader intrigued and on the edge of their seats.

In case of the latter, the epic poet should strive to use advanced techniques to persuade his readers to witness the story from a different angle. This could include the use of personification to make objects or locations come alive on the page or projecting an abstract emotion in an tangible and understandable way. If done successfully, an epic poem can acquire a majestic beauty that speaks to the heart and soul of a reader, making it a timeless classic.

Voice and Perspective

The voice and perspective of an epic poem can vary, ranging from the first person to third person. Generally, the voice of a narrative is influenced by the main character’s journey and the direction of the plot. For example, a poem could be narrated through the lens of the protagonist to create a tale that is personal and intimate, or it could be adopted from an ages-old tradition with a universal tone. By choosing the right combination of choices that suit the poem and its characters, the poet can ensure that the poem commands attention and has staying power.

The choice of language and tone also has a role to play in the voice of an epic poem. Most epic poems are geared towards conveying a message and hence it is important for the writer to select words and phrases that match the story’s plot and characters. They should also be mindful of their diction and maintain the rhyme and rhythm patterns of the poem. The proper use of such terms can help evoke emotion in the reader and add a layer of meaning and beauty to the poem’s overall scope.

Vast amounts of research form the bedrock of any successful epic poem. This research can be gathered from a variety of sources, from literary works to historical texts. It is also a great way to gain insight into the subject matter and a deeper understanding of the theme and its context. Furthermore, the poet can enrich the poem with details like place names, dates or even cultural and linguistic nuances.

To make the poem’s message clear, the writer should strive to create a clear and concise language and focus on the core of the poem. This could involve the use of metaphors, similes, alliterations and other poetic techniques to bring out the story’s richness and depth.

However, whilst researching, the writer should ensure to only use factual information, avoiding any potentially offensive topics or insensitive conversations. This includes topics such as race, sexual orientation and different cultures and creeds as any misguided message will defeat the purpose of the poem and tarnish its reputation.

The process of writing must be an organic one and the poet’s own creativity should not be stifled. This is because their unique perspective and vision is sometimes the only thing that can bring a poem to life and add value to the source material. While a story’s foundation might be based on facts and history, the poet’s creativity will ultimately serve as the deciding factor between a good and a great poem.

To achieve a creative peak in their work, poets should aim to keep the poem’s core intact whilst introducing innovative ideas. Here the writer should use their emotions to instill the poem with a soul and enhance the story’s beauty with vivid language. This could involve introducing creative wordplays and verses or weaving moral-tales and wisdom into the fabric of the poem.

However, it is important to remember that creativity and innovation should be tempered with tact and adornment. The poem should reflect the natural flow and subtleness of an epic poem, otherwise the excessive use of these elements might lead to confusion.

Keeping it Fresh and Relevant

For an epic poem to stay relevant, the poet must make sure to not only create a memorable story but also keep it fresh. This can be done by constantly re-examining the language and imagery used throughout the poem in an effort to re-design the narrative for every new reader. An interesting way to do this is by portraying classic topics through culturally relevant events, as this serves to bridge the gap between the poem’s story and the reader’s reality.

To achieve this, the poet can look for catchy phrases, words of wisdom and snippets from everyday life to describe the poem’s characters and dramatize its scenes. This gives the poem a renewed energy and helps the reader connect to its spoken concepts. The way a poet identifies, introduces and presents these elements could mean the difference between an amazing poem and an average one.

Editing and Refining

Making a complex and meaningful poem in one go can be extremely difficult. Therefore, letting the poem rest after its completion and editing it at a later stage gives the writer the chance to reflect negatively and positively on the text, tweaking any grammar or sentence structure issues and altering any unappealing words and phrases.

It is also advisable to get an impartial second opinion on the poem, as another pair of eyes can often offer invaluable insight into the writing’s weak points. Professional editors offer a range of services from revising syntax to identifying errors in grammar and prose. Furthermore, reading the poem aloud and hearing it can help out the poet in identifying any non-aesthetic issues like rushed lines or misplaced words.

Writing epic poetry can be a challenging yet fulfilling experience, however it requires commitment and dedication to create such timeless works. By utilizing creativity and the use of poetic techniques, poets can craft magnificent pieces of literature that speak to, and of, the times.

Minnie Walters

Minnie Walters is a passionate writer and lover of poetry. She has a deep knowledge and appreciation for the work of famous poets such as William Wordsworth, Emily Dickinson, Robert Frost, and many more. She hopes you will also fall in love with poetry!

Definition of Epic

Characteristics of an epic, famous examples of literary epics, difference between epic and ballad, characters in epic poetry, features of main character in epic poetry, structure of epic poetry, use of supernatural characters in epic poems, origin of epic poetry, examples of epics in literature, example 1: inferno (first canticle of the divine comedy by dante alighieri).

i am the way into the city of woe, I am the way into eternal pain, I am the way to go among the lost. Justice caused my high architect to move, Divine omnipotence created me, The highest wisdom, and the primal love. Before me there were no created things But those that last forever—as do I. Abandon all hope you who enter here.

Example 2: Orlando Furioso by Ludovico Ariosto

This dog won’t hunt. This horse won’t jump. You get the general drift. However, he keeps on trying, but the fire won’t burn, the kindling is wet, and the faint glow of the ember is weak and dying. He has no other choice then but to let It go and take a nap on the ground there, lying Next to her—for whom Dame Fortune has more Woes and tribulations yet in store.

Example 3: Don Juan by Lord Byron

Between two worlds life hovers like a star, ‘Twixt night and morn, upon the horizon’s verge. How little do we know that which we are! How less what we may be! The eternal surge Of time and tide rolls on, and bears afar Our bubbles; as the old burst, new emerge, Lash’d from the foam of ages; while the graves Of Empires heave but like some passing waves.

Synonyms of Epic

How to Write an Epic Poem

Last Updated: March 7, 2024 Fact Checked

This article was co-authored by Alicia Cook . Alicia Cook is a Professional Writer based in Newark, New Jersey. With over 12 years of experience, Alicia specializes in poetry and uses her platform to advocate for families affected by addiction and to fight for breaking the stigma against addiction and mental illness. She holds a BA in English and Journalism from Georgian Court University and an MBA from Saint Peter’s University. Alicia is a bestselling poet with Andrews McMeel Publishing and her work has been featured in numerous media outlets including the NY Post, CNN, USA Today, the HuffPost, the LA Times, American Songwriter Magazine, and Bustle. She was named by Teen Vogue as one of the 10 social media poets to know and her poetry mixtape, “Stuff I’ve Been Feeling Lately” was a finalist in the 2016 Goodreads Choice Awards. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 162,925 times.

An epic poem is a book-length poem that tells a story about a hero’s journey. While the most famous epic poems were written by ancient Greek and Roman poets, anyone can write one. You’ll have to come up with a hero, a reason why they need to leave home, adventures for them to have, and finally, a reason to return home. Take your time with the brainstorming and outlining process, and then draft your epic poem.

Brainstorming Your Epic Poem

Step 1 Read epic poetry to learn about the style.

Epic of Gilgamesh
Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey
Virgil’s Aeneid
Dante’s Divine Comedy
John Milton’s Paradise Lost

For example, if Demi Lovato is your favorite musician, then you could make her the hero of your epic poem.
Or, if you look up to your dad, then make him your epic hero.

Step 3 Give your epic hero a task or special mission.

For example, if your epic hero is Demi Lovato, then her special job or mission might be to save a whale. Or, if your epic hero is your dad, then perhaps his special task or job could be to find and fight a monster to protect humanity.
Epic poems are often named after their heroes, such as Homer’s Odyssey , whose hero is Odysseus, Virgil’s Aeneid , whose hero is Aeneas, and the Epic of Gilgamesh , whose hero is Gilgamesh.

Step 4 Select or create companions for your epic hero.

For example, you could give Demi Lovato some other celebrity companions, such as Taylor Swift or Justin Timberlake. Or, you could even insert yourself into the story as a companion!
If the hero is your dad, then you might include his best friend as a companion, a celebrity sidekick, or a sidekick of your own creation!
In the Epic of Gilgamesh , Gilgamesh’s companion is called Enkidu.

Step 5 Come up with adversaries for your epic hero.

For example, perhaps Demi Lovato has to fight against a whale catcher, or perhaps your dad has to fight the monster that he is trying to find.
In the Odyssey , Odysseus faces multiple adversaries, including a cyclops and a witch who turns Odysseus’ men into pigs.

Step 6 Decide how your epic hero will be exiled.

For example, if you are writing the story with yourself as the hero, perhaps your exile could be having to change schools or move to a new city.
Aeneas’s exile is a result of war, and he must flee Troy with his family as it is being attacked.

Step 7 Explain what will happen on the hero’s journey.

For example, if you are the hero of your epic poem, perhaps you will get into a tough situation, meet the girl (or guy) of your dreams, have your heart broken, or travel to a beautiful place.

Tip : Remember that the goal is for your hero to develop during these adventures. The things heroes do and see should help them to build new qualities and skills, which will ultimately make them stronger people.

Step 8 Come up with ideas for your hero’s return home.

For example, if you are writing about your own experiences with being exiled as a result of having to move or change schools, then you might have a final event in your story that allows you to begin to feel comfortable in the new setting. This might be a school dance, a sporting event, or a presentation you have to give.
In the Odyssey , Odysseus returns home to find suitors trying to woo his wife, and he must fight them.

Outlining and Drafting the Epic Poem

Step 1 Create an outline of your epic poem’s plot.

For example, you might know that you want your hero to be exiled, and then travel around the world on a search for a sacred object. Then, once they find the object, they can return home to use it.

Tip : Epic poems are often arranged into books or chapters, which each tell of a different adventure or episode.

Step 2 Draft your poem based on the outline.

For example, if you want to incorporate a couplet rhyme scheme, then it would look like AABBCCDD…and so on.
If the first line ends with "trip," then the second line might end with "grip." Then, lines 3 and 4 would end with 2 different rhyming words to continue the couplet rhyme scheme.

Step 3 Include epithets to describe the characters.

For example, in Homer’s Odyssey , Odysseus is described as “many-minded,” while his wife is described as “prudent.”

Step 4 Make your epic poem as long as you want.

Ask your teacher how long your epic poem should be if you are writing an epic poem for an assignment.

Writing the Invocation

Step 1 Save the invocation for last and use it to summarize your story.

For example, you could write a list of the people and adversaries your hero encounters to help you draft the invocation.

Step 2 Call upon the muses or a specific muse in 1 to 2 lines.

You can call on any person or persons living or dead. For example, if you want to call on a favorite musician or band, you could use Beyonce, the Beatles, or Prince for help telling your story.
For example, you might write, “Sing, Beyonce, of the adventures of the songbird Demi Lovato, Inspire me with your music to tell my tale.”

Step 3 Describe your hero in 1 to 2 lines.

For example, you might focus on your courage as you ventured into the unknown of living in a new city, or you might focus on your dad’s ingenuity and bravery as he looked for ways to defeat a terrible monster.

Step 4 Use the last 8 to 12 lines to outline the hero’s journey.

For example, you might describe your exile to a new city, mention your faithful dog as your companion, and then say what people and challenges you encountered along the way.

Tip : Keep in mind that the invocation is optional. If you are writing an epic poem for a class, make sure to check with your teacher to see if this is something they expect you to include.

Community Q&A

Epic poems are often written in lofty or formal language, so this is your chance to pull out the big words and get creative with the way you describe things. [15] X Research source Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

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An epic poem is a continuous narrative in verse form that retells the acts of one or more heroic persons of history or legend. The English epic comes from the Latin epicus, meaning “of or relating to epic poetry,” and the Greek epos (ἔπος), meaning “word, narrative, song.”(1)

History and Development

The Epic of Gilgamesh, based on the king of Uruk , is recognized as the world’s first epic poem, and perhaps the oldest written story. The narrative is written in Sumerian cuneiform on stone tablets that date to circa 2000 BC. The early poem is regarded for introducing many of the characteristic elements of epic as a genre. These features continue to appear in storytelling throughout history and in modern literature, film, and video games.(2)

The Homeric epics the Iliad and the Odyssey were first composed in Archaic Greece (circa 700-480 BC). The two well-known epics tell the stories of events during and after Trojan War. Before they were formally recorded, they were composed and performed orally in front of an audience, which bards would accommodate by adapting and extending the stories. Homeric epics were composed in dactylic hexameter , which set a precedent for later Greek and Latin oral poetry.(3)

Classical literary traditions remained popular in Europe with the influence of the Renaissance . The renewed interest in antiquity normalized Greek and Latin literary traditions, which stabilized the relevance and conventions of the genre through the following centuries. Epics from Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy (1320) to Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene (1590) borrowed from the traditions of ancient poets, shifting the genre for a new audience in a new world using the conventions that were regaining popularity at the time.(4)

While still holding some classical literary traditions, later epics begin to distance themselves from the epics of ancient times. Because of its rejection of military ethos, a common convention of epic poems, John Milton’s Paradise Lost is often considered one of the latest traditional epics.(5)

Social and Rhetorical Functions

Because traditional epics are composed over time from within a community, they demonstrate the cultural values of their communities, using characters central to the community’s narrative history.(6) From an outside perspective, epics can define a community’s social and political values and identities (7) as well as formalize a culture’s mythological traditions.(8)

20th-century literary critics have created a model of primary and secondary epics, based on the use of martial ethos in epic poetry.

Primary epics, such as the Homeric epics, The Song of Roland , and Beowulf , are produced in cultures that value military heroism. Because these narratives are composed within a community over time, they are told by a seemingly anonymous author who wants their audience to accept the values of their hero, which are the values of the community’s culture. Like the Iliad and the Odyssey , they were intended for oral delivery until they were formally recorded.(9)

Secondary epics are written by poets from cultures with strong literary traditions that value primary epics. Secondary epics include works such as Virgil’s Aeneid and Paradise Lost . The social conditions that these poets live in are often too complex for the audience to simply accept the values of the heroes in these poems, and so these narratives are often more critical of the aristocratic class that values military heroism.(10) Cultures that value primary epics find a sense of prestige within the genre. Primary epics were viewed as the “artistic culmination of a civilization,” and therefore their civilizations should have extraordinary epics as well.(11)

Epics are often composed during or about times of great political tension, therefore the history of epic poetry can be seen as the history of political change (12), especially in epics written during eras from which there are few primary sources .

The Modern Epic

While the Renaissance kept the epic relevant for several centuries, the traditional epic has become scarce over the last few centuries.

Long works of poetry are less possible amongst readers, even if they are written by authors who are popular for their shorter pieces, and so it is likely that the genre began to lose popularity with the emergence of the novel.

Possibly this is due to a lack of interest in traditional heroic characters. Today, audiences prefer an antihero , complex characterizations, and grey morals to the epic’s favored black-and-white judgments and extended praise of a single character. Heroes in modern literature are defined not by their morals, but by their role in the course of a narrative.(13)

Scholar Maurice Bowra says that, traditionally, epic is a “special place for those men who live for action and from the honor that comes with it.” Today, these figures are less uncommon outside of fiction, and therefore traditionally heroic characters are difficult for audiences to connect with and enjoy.(14)

Author John Sutherland writes that some Amerianc films retain qualities of epics such as western films, specifically those of John Wayne, and the Star Wars film saga.(17)

Stylistic and Substantive Elements

Some of the most well-known characteristics of epics come from their substantive elements. Epic poems often feature some kind of journey for the hero. Sometimes this journey is physical, with the protagonist traveling great distances and facing mystical obstacles as in Gilgamesh, Beowulf, or even Divine Comedy .(18) In other stories, such as Iliad and Paradise Lost, the journey is more spiritual.

The protagonist in an epic, the hero, is often an important cultural figure who makes strong moral judgements throughout the narrative. Often this is accompanied by panegyric , or extended praise, of the hero.(19) This element in particular is helpful for studying historic societies. Seeing iconic figures make definite and consistent moral decisions demonstrates the values of that figure and the culture he comes from to an audience.

Martial ethos is also an important aspect of epic poetry. Many epics revolve around battles or other militaristic events. In early epics, these battles are presented with a tone of heroic triumph, though later poets are more likely to challenge the martial ethos within their cultures.(20)

Epics also share a number of stylistic choices. Epics, particularly Classical works, often begin with an invocation of a muse. The opening of the first book of the Odyssey reads:

Tell me, O Muse, of the man of many devices, who wandered full many ways after he had sacked the sacred citadel of Troy. Many were the men whose cities he saw and whose mind he learned, aye, and many the woes he suffered in his heart upon the sea, seeking to win his own life and the return of his comrades. Yet even so he saved not his comrades, though he desired it sore, for through their own blind folly they perished—fools, who devoured the kine of Helios Hyperion; but he took from them the day of their returning. Of these things, goddess, daughter of Zeus, beginning where thou wilt, tell thou even unto us. Homer, Odyssey , from Perseus DIgital Library (21)

Traditionally, this call is said to bring inspiration as well as guidance to the poet as they compose.(22) A thrid person omnicent narrator is also common in epics.(23) Tough the opening of a peom may be a more personal interaction between the poet and a spiritual guide, the voice of the author steps awa for the majority of the narrative.

Many epics also begin in medias res , meaning “in the middle of things” in Latin. The audience is introduced the narrative in the middle of an event or conflict. If necessary, any prior details are given to the audience later in the story, often in a series of flashbacks or and any necessary prior details are given later in the story. This device is effective in drawing and keeping the audience’s attention.(24) This would have been particularly useful in contexts where epics are told aloud in public places, where a compelling introduction would help to draw a crowd.

“ Epic .” Oxford English Dictionary.
“ The Epic of Gilgamesh. ” University of Idaho.
“ Epic .” poets.org.
Coyle, Martin. (1991). Encyclopedia of literature and criticism. Detroit: Gale Research. p. 179.
Coyle, Martin. (1991). Encyclopedia of literature and criticism. Detroit: Gale Research. p. 178.
Coyle, Martin. (1991). Encyclopedia of literature and criticism. Detroit: Gale Research. p. 177.
Zax, Talya (2020. “ Looking at Epic Poetry Through 21st-Century Eyes .” The New York Times.
Sutherland, John (2011) How Literature Works: 50 Key Concepts. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 33.
“ Tablet .” The British Museum.
“ Una and the Lion .” Art UK.
Sutherland, John (2011) How Literature Works: 50 Key Concepts. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 34.
MasterClass Staff (2021). “ Poetry 101: What Is an Epic Poem? ” MasterClass.
Sutherland, John (2011) How Literature Works: 50 Key Concepts. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 32.
Homer. The Odyssey with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, PH.D. in two volumes. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1919.
MasterClass Staff. (2021). “ In Medias Res .” MasterClass.

A Story of Epic Proportions: What makes a Poem an Epic?

Priam killed by Neoptolemus, son of Achilles, detail of an Attic black-figure amphora, ca. 520 BC–510 BC.

Wikimedia Commons

Some of the most well known, and most important, works of literature in the world are examples of epic poetry. These heroic adventure tales have often had surprising durability over time, such as Homer's story of friendship and heroism, The Illiad , which continues its life in the modern film Troy . Epic poems are more than simply a lengthy story told in poetic form, and their ability to remain accessible, relevant, and remembered over time owes a significant debt to their roots in an oral tradition and to their cyclical pattern of events.

This lesson will introduce students to the epic poem form and to its roots in oral tradition. Students will learn about the epic hero cycle and will learn how to recognize this pattern of events and elements- even in surprisingly contemporary places. Students will also be introduced to the patterns embedded in these stories that have helped generations of storytellers remember these immense poems.

Guiding Questions

What is an epic poem?

How have epic poems traditionally been transmitted from generation to generation?

How do tellers remember these long and complicated stories?

Learning Objectives

Define epic poetry and be able to identify and describe the epic hero cycle.

Analyze epic poems to determine plot, characterization, and themes.

Compare epic poems across time, cultures, and places to determine similarities and differences.

Lesson Plan Details

Review the lesson plan, then find and bookmark relevant websites and useful materials. Download and print out the documents you will be using in class, such as the chart of elements of the Elements of the Epic Hero Cycle (PDF).
Review the background materials on epic poetry (scroll down to the actual "Epic" entry on the web page), the Elements of the Epic Hero Cycle (PDF), the oral transmission of epic poems, and the use of mnemonic devices, accessible through the EDSITEment-reviewed web resource, Internet Public Library.

Activity 1. What are the elements of an epic poem?

Review with students the definition and elements of epic poetry found at the Glossary of Literary Terms.

Ask students what other stories they know or have heard of that follow a similar pattern of action and components described in the definition of epic poetry. While they may not be familiar with some epic stories, they probably are familiar with the Star Wars series of movies, or the Lord of the Rings and the Harry Potter series of books, which they may be surprised to learn also follow an epic hero cycle . Compile a list of stories that follow this pattern. Ask students to suggest stories that fit the epic hero cycle , and introduce the class to stories with which they may be less familiar. Draw students' attention to the ways in which they have come in contact with epic stories rooted in ancient Greece, such as the recent movie Troy . A brief list of epic stories might include:

The Epic of Gilgamesh
The Odyssey
The Ramayana
The Lord of the Rings series
The Harry Potter series

Distribute the charts listing the major elements of the Elements of the Epic Hero Cycle (PDF). Divide students into small groups, where they will chose a story from the list they are all familiar with, such as the Lord of the Rings . Ask them to work together to fill in examples of each of the epic hero cycle elements on their charts. Once students have completed the charts, ask them to share some of the results with the rest of the class. Have students compare and contrast their answers.

Are there discernable patterns in the answers?
Is the hero a remote figure, or is he or she someone readers identify with?
Can students identify ways in which the behavior of the epic hero might be teaching the reader a lesson, or presenting an example for them to follow?
What is the hero's relationship with his homeland (whether that place is ancient Greece or the imaginary Middle Earth)?

Introduce some of the additional elements of traditional epic poems, such as the formal and florid language, their opening with an invocation, or the use of epithets (such as "fleet-footed Achilles"). Read aloud to the class, or distribute copies for students to read, the opening paragraph of two or more traditional epic poems from the list compiled by the class, such as

The Iliad , found on the EDSITEment-reviewed website The Perseus Project

Ask students to identify elements such as the opening invocation in the opening lines of these poems or the connection of the hero to his homeland, which is the basis for many epic heroes as national figures.

Activity 2. Pass it On!

Explain to students that epic poetry has its roots in oral, rather than literate tradition. These stories were originally passed on by bards, or professional poets who made their living by singing folk tales and epic poems to audiences. While the details of the poem often shifted from one telling to the next, the most important elements of the story always remained the same.

Divide students into small groups where they will work on definitions of "oral tradition" and "literate tradition." Once they have established working definitions of the two traditions, ask them to imagine some of the issues related to the telling of stories by means of oral rather than written communication. Ask them to imagine memorizing a novel, which they would then retell. Without having a text to refer to, would the story have been the same each time it was told? With so much information and detail to remember, how was it possible for bards to memorize thousands of verses of poetry?

Ask each group to choose a fable, fairy tale, or other story they all know. Ask them to identify the most important characters, objects and actions in the story. For example, a list of elements for Cinderella would probably include Cinderella, the wicked step mother and her two daughters, the prince, the fairy godmother, the glass slippers, the pumpkin coach, her banishment on the night of the ball, her running from the ball at midnight, losing her slipper along the way, and the moment when her foot fits the glass slipper. Students will probably find that there is broad agreement on most of the elements on their list: why did most or all of the students in their group identify the same moments or elements in the story?

Next, ask students to compare their list of story elements with other groups in the class. Do they notice similarities in these lists? Ask students to work together on reasons why there are similar elements in each of these stories. What do these elements represent? They should work together to identify what each of the elements they have compiled symbolizes. Ask the student groups to again compare their lists, which they will probably find are similar even for different stories. How does the presence of these similar elements in the fables or fairy tales they have just discussed help them to remember the sequence of events in those stories? Remind students that epic poems are much greater in length than fairy tales, and that certainly bards must have used mnemonic devices to aid them in their telling. How might similar elements, or the presence of a predictable story cycle such as the epic hero cycle , helped bards in the memorization of much longer epic poems?

These elements act like memory markers in the telling of the story, helping the teller to remember how the story unfolds. Breaking the story down into more easily memorized smaller pieces of narrative, and then memorizing the order of these smaller narratives, is a mnemonic device that has been utilized by bards since Homer's time. If the teller can remember these markers, he or she can then elaborate and expand the details of the story for specific audiences, making the telling more personal to the audience. Ask students to work with their groups to come up with answers for why traveling bards might have localized elements of the stories they told as they traveled from one city or town to the next.

Ask students to write a definition for epic poetry, and to give at least one example of a traditional epic poem, such as The Iliad . Ask students to fill in the right side of the chart with the corresponding information from an example of a story that follows the epic hero cycle. Ask them to name at least one modern story that follows the epic hero cycle.

Ask students to define "oral tradition" and "literary tradition." Have them write a short essay explaining at least one mnemonic device that would have helped bards in remembering poems that were thousands of verses long.

More advanced students can be asked to complete a more extensive essay. While they may not all remember or agree on certain details of the stories they have discussed in class—was Cinderella's dress pink? White? Blue?- most of them will agree on the most important elements. Ask students to think of examples of stories set in distant times and places that have been changed to bring the stories closer to contemporary audiences. Examples might include movies such as West Side Story, Troy , or the recent modern telling of Cinderella in which the ball is imagined as a school prom. Ask students to write an essay about the contemporary telling of an old story which answers the following two questions:

Does changing the time, place, or details such as the style of dress in the "updated" story affect the main elements of the story, or the story's message?
Why do story tellers (including movie directors) change the story to bring it closer in time and space to its audience?
Explore the texts of some of the most well know epic poems, such as The Iliad , The Odyssey , and The Aeneid on the EDSITEment-reviewed website, The Perseus Project .
Learn more about the great epic tradition of India in the EDSITEment lesson plan, The Lessons of the Indian Epics: The Ramayana .

Selected EDSITEment Websites

Glossary of Literary Terms

Materials & Media

Elements of the epic hero cycle, related on edsitement, introducing metaphors through poetry, listening to poetry: sounds of the sonnet, preparing for poetry: a reader's first steps, animating poetry: reading poems about the natural world.

How to Cite
Language & Lit
Rhyme & Rhythm
The Rewrite
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How to Write an Epic Poem

An epic poem is a long narrative that tells of an epic hero's journey. Many famous works are epic poems, including Homer's "The Odyssey" and Virgil's "The Aeneid." There is no required rhyme or meter for an epic poem, which may make the form more approachable for some writers. However, epic poems do require many stylistic conventions, which dictate the content and the language choices.

Define the Epic Hero

The epic hero is at the heart of the epic poem. The narrative tells of the hero's journey to complete a quest. For example, Odysseus in "The Odyssey" was on a quest to return home after the war, but faced many struggles along the way. While many epic heroes have been kings or other noble figures such as warriors, your epic hero can be anyone you choose. You can be the epic hero in your own poem, or you can choose someone you know or admire from afar, from the president to a celebrity. The hero should embody the ideals of the time and culture in which the poem is set. Brainstorm what these values would be, and use your notes to guide the poem.

Outline the Epic Journey

The epic journey is perhaps the second most important characteristic of the epic poem. The epic hero should be exiled from home -- or simply away from home, such as during war or because he is lost. The poem would then cover the journey and the eventual return home. Along the way, the hero should face many obstacles and his journey should cover a vast setting, such as multiple continents or even a galaxy. The hero should have amazing adventures and show his strength and courage. After brainstorming some ideas, make an outline of the hero's journey and use it to craft an outline of the poem. Remember that epic poems begin "in medias res," which means in the middle of the action. Flashbacks can be used to fill in the beginning of the story.

Adopt an Elevated Style

Even if your epic poem does not rhyme or follow a meter, it should use formal language and have an elevated style. For example, epithets are a popular convention in epic poems. In "The Iliad" by Homer, Achilles is often described as "swift-footed Achilles." Many other epithets are used to describe his speed and agility. Create epithets for your epic hero and use other formal and stylistic language throughout the poem, such as extended metaphors, similes and high rhetoric.

Adhere to Stylistic Conventions

Epic poems have many other stylistic conventions. For example, many open with an invocation to a muse for inspiration or to the gods for protection. You do not have to appeal to either entity. You can make up your own "muse" or god to appeal to, such as invoking Beyonce, if she is your musical muse. Epics also include long and formal speeches by the hero and other characters, long digressions from the main story line, and many catalogs, or lists, of people and things.

Poets: Poetic Form: Epic
Auburn University: Jeremy Downes, Department of English: Basic Definitions: Epic, Epic Formula, Epic Simile
Rutgers University: Jack Lynch, Professor in the English Department: Epic

Maria Magher has been working as a professional writer since 2001. She has worked as an ESL teacher, a freshman composition teacher and an education reporter, writing for regional newspapers and online publications. She has written about parenting for Pampers and other websites. She has a Master's degree in English and creative writing.

Tweetspeak Poetry

How to Write an Epic Poem: Infographic

By Will Willingham 11 Comments

Write an Epic Poem!

Somewhere in medias res between Iliad and Odyssey , betwixt Gilgamesh and Beowulf , a lonely hero (of noble character) trods a path constructed of dactylic hexameter. Clothed with epic simile (selected from a lengthy catalog), he fights good and evil, with angels and demons, and after a harrowing descent into the underworld, with superhuman feats (fueled, no doubt, by a wee bit of supernatural intervention) rescues the great people from otherwise certain doom.

That, in a nutshell, is epic poetry. To illustrate, we’ve created this fun, colorful Epic Infographic you can share with your friends, your classroom, or your teacher. (Be the first to use the word brobdingnagian— which has no particular relation to the epic except in its own prodigious size—in a sentence, and you might get bonus points on your next epic poetry exam.)

How to Write a Form Poem-A Guided Tour of 10 Fabulous Forms-poetry writing book

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About will willingham.

I used to be a claims adjuster, helping people and insurance companies make sense of loss. Now, I train other folks with ladders and tape measures to go and do likewise. Sometimes, when I’m not scaling small buildings or crunching numbers with my bare hands, I read Keats upside down. My first novel is Adjustments.

Maureen says

September 30, 2015 at 8:56 am

So good, LW!

Monica Sharman says

September 30, 2015 at 10:52 am

Standing ovation!

L. L. Barkat says

September 30, 2015 at 1:21 pm

And the “somewhere in medias res, between… betwixt…” totally made me smile. A veritable thesaurus of middling words, right there 😉

KITTY KILIAN says

October 1, 2015 at 2:15 am

Do not feed the dactyl! Very witty – will keep it in mind.

Megan Willome says

October 12, 2015 at 12:25 pm

June 4, 2018 at 7:25 pm

Epic stuff!

[…] is not iambic pentameter, nor dactylic hexameter. But maybe you can see in it the circular winding of the villanelle. (Or, you can see it for just […]

[…] gazelles writing ghazals to phantoms writing pantoums, to heroes writing epic poems, you’ve helped Tweetspeak regularly bring amusing and informative infographics for use in the […]

[…] and holidays in “The Holidays and Hollow Days.” He also wrote a 123-stanza (twelve lines each) epic poem called “Southeast Asia Story.” He wrote odes and sonnets and a ballad and other poems whose […]

[…] poetry itself, according to the Encyclopedia Britannica, developing alongside the oral tradition of heroic poetry. And it’s found in most […]

[…] you begin a story ab ovo, you start it at the very start. Concerning epic poetry, Homer was praised by Horace for not beginning ab ovo in his tale of Troy. For Homer to begin ab ovo […]

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Essay Papers Writing Online

Mastering the art of crafting a poetry essay – essential tips and strategies.

Poetry is a beautiful and complex form of literature that allows individuals to express emotions, thoughts, and experiences in a creative and unique way. When writing an essay about poetry, it is essential to approach the task with care and attention to detail. Crafting an effective poetry essay requires a deep understanding of the art form and the ability to analyze and interpret poetic works. In this article, we will explore some tips to help you create a compelling and insightful poetry essay that showcases your analytical skills and appreciation for poetry.

One of the first steps in writing a poetry essay is to carefully read and analyze the poem or poems you are writing about. Take the time to read the poem multiple times, paying close attention to the language, structure, and overall theme. Consider the tone of the poem, the use of imagery and metaphor, and the emotions evoked by the language. By immersing yourself in the poem and exploring its nuances, you will be better equipped to craft a thoughtful and well-informed essay.

Another important tip for writing a poetry essay is to develop a clear thesis statement that outlines the main argument or interpretation you will be making about the poem. Your thesis should be specific, concise, and focused, providing readers with a roadmap of the points you will be discussing in your essay. Use your thesis statement to guide your analysis and ensure that each paragraph in your essay contributes to your overall argument.

Key Strategies for Writing a Successful Poetry Essay

1. Close Reading: Begin by closely reading the poem multiple times to understand its structure, themes, and language use.

2. Analysis: Analyze the poem’s meaning, symbolism, and poetic devices such as metaphors, similes, and imagery.

3. Thesis Statement: Develop a clear and focused thesis statement that encapsulates your interpretation of the poem.

4. Organization: Organize your essay in a logical and coherent manner, with each paragraph supporting your thesis.

5. Evidence: Use specific examples and quotes from the poem to support your analysis and arguments.

6. Interpretation: Offer your own interpretation of the poem while considering different perspectives and engaging critically with the text.

7. Conclusion: Conclude your essay by summarizing your key points and reiterating the significance of your analysis.

8. Revision: Revise your essay for clarity, coherence, and effectiveness, ensuring that your ideas are well-developed and supported.

9. Proofreading: Proofread your essay carefully to eliminate any errors in grammar, punctuation, and spelling.

10. Feedback: Seek feedback from peers, instructors, or writing centers to improve your essay and gain different perspectives.

Understand the Poem’s Context

Before analyzing a poem, it is essential to understand the context in which it was written. Consider the historical period, the poet’s background, and any events that may have influenced the writing of the poem. Understanding the context can provide valuable insights into the poet’s intentions, the themes addressed, and the overall impact of the poem.

Analyze the Poem’s Structure

Poetry is often characterized by its unique structure, which plays a crucial role in conveying the poet’s message. When analyzing a poem’s structure, pay attention to the following aspects:

Line Length: Examine the length of each line in the poem. Short lines can create a quick, staccato rhythm, while long lines can slow down the pace and add a sense of contemplation.

Stanza Formation: Look at how the poem is divided into stanzas. The number of lines in each stanza and their arrangement can highlight key ideas or themes.

Rhyme Scheme: Identify any rhyme scheme employed by the poet. Rhyme can create a musical quality in the poem and emphasize certain words or ideas.

Meter and Rhythm: Consider the meter and rhythm of the poem. The pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables can influence the poem’s flow and mood.

Understanding these structural elements can deepen your analysis of the poem and help you appreciate the poet’s craft in conveying meaning through form.

Explore the Poem’s Themes

One crucial aspect of crafting an effective poetry essay is to delve into the themes present in the poem. Themes are the underlying messages or concepts that the poet is trying to convey through their work. To effectively analyze a poem’s themes, consider the following:

Identify recurring ideas or motifs throughout the poem.
Consider the emotions or feelings evoked by the poem and how they contribute to the overall theme.
Look for symbolic elements that represent deeper meanings within the poem.
Reflect on the social, cultural, or historical context of the poem to better understand its themes.

By exploring the poem’s themes in depth, you can gain a deeper understanding of the poet’s intentions and craft a more insightful analysis in your essay.

Examine the Poem’s Use of Language

When crafting a poetry essay, it is essential to analyze the poem’s use of language. Pay close attention to the words, phrases, and imagery used by the poet to convey their message. Consider the tone, mood, and atmosphere created through the poet’s choice of language.

Look for literary devices such as metaphor, simile, personification, and symbolism, and evaluate how they contribute to the overall meaning of the poem. Note the cadence and rhythm of the poem, as well as any rhyme or meter patterns that enhance the poetic effect.

Furthermore, explore the connotations and denotations of key words in the poem, as well as the poet’s use of figurative language. Consider how the poet’s linguistic choices shape the reader’s understanding and emotional response to the poem.

By closely examining the poem’s use of language, you can uncover deeper layers of meaning and appreciate the artistry behind the poet’s writing.

Consider the Poet’s Background

When analyzing a poem for an essay, it’s crucial to consider the poet’s background and life experiences. Understanding the context in which the poet lived can offer valuable insights into the themes, symbols, and emotions expressed in their poetry. Researching the poet’s biography, cultural influences, and historical events that shaped their worldview can deepen your understanding of the poem and enhance your analysis. By considering the poet’s background, you can uncover hidden meanings and nuances that may not be immediately apparent, enriching your interpretation and creating a more comprehensive essay.

Connect Themes to Personal Experience

One effective way to enhance your poetry essay is to connect the themes discussed in the poem to your personal experiences. By relating the themes to your own life, you can offer a unique and personal perspective that will enrich your analysis.

Consider how the themes of the poem resonate with your own emotions, experiences, or beliefs. Share personal anecdotes or examples that illustrate how the themes are relevant to your life. This personal connection can add depth and nuance to your essay, making it more engaging and insightful.

Furthermore, drawing on personal experiences can help you better understand and interpret the poem’s themes. Your own life experiences can provide valuable insights and interpretations that may not be immediately apparent. By exploring the connections between the poem and your personal experiences, you can uncover new layers of meaning and significance.

Craft a Compelling Thesis Statement

One of the most important elements of your poetry essay is the thesis statement. Your thesis should clearly express the main argument or interpretation of the poem you are analyzing. It should be specific, debatable, and insightful.

To craft a compelling thesis statement, start by carefully reading and analyzing the poem. Identify the key themes, symbols, and poetic devices that the poet uses. Consider how these elements contribute to the overall meaning of the poem.

Your thesis statement should make a claim about the poem that can be supported with evidence from the text. Avoid simply summarizing the poem or stating the obvious. Instead, strive to present a unique and thought-provoking interpretation.

Remember that your thesis statement will guide the rest of your essay, so take the time to refine it until you are confident that it effectively captures the essence of your analysis. A strong thesis statement will help you organize your thoughts and present a clear and coherent argument in your poetry essay.

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How To Write An Epic Poem

Emily Scott

Poetry writing is an art. It is not like plays, story writing and other normal writing. It comes from heart which is full of imagination, thoughts, feelings and emotions. Poetry is an art of pen downing your feelings at a particular time. Unlike other poems, epic poem writing needs some technical skill and steps that you should follow while writing and become a successful epic writer.

Epic poetry is an ancient form of art which is a long narration of epic hero. It portrays the story of heroes of ancient time, about their journey right from the start to end. Epic Poetry attributes a legendary hero, his heroic journey and fantastic brave adventures he did. In addition to this it also includes supernatural gods and goddesses, angels, demons etc which is written in a contemporary language and mixing it with rhythmic and dramatic tradition. There are some steps to follow if you are new in this writing.

Step1 – Read before you write : Before writing any epic poetry or a story you should go through some of the renowned and famous writer’s work that are excel in this field. This will give you an idea and a path to start on. Read poems like- The Epic of Gilgamesh, The Odysseys, The Mahabharta etc.

Step3 – It’s time to write: Now when you have your hero, you can start writing. You can write the whole poem or story in a one go or you can complete it in intervals. According to me, what I suggest is try to complete it once you started writing as you will go with the flow and concentration. With this when you start writing an epic it always begins with a muse. “Sing to me, o muse, of,…” it is an archetypical solicitation. Writers were inspired by the muse goddesses, as per the classical mythology.

Step4 – Keep on writing as it is a fun : Once you started writing just keep on going with the flow. Write in rhythmic style. You have to decide in which style you want to write. There are many styles of writing. It is upto you which form you are going to write. Whether you want to write Homeric simile style, dactylic hexameter (as written in The Odysseys), Virgil and other classical style or you want to adopt Greek and Latin Poetry style which do not have any rhyming scheme.

Step 5 – Crown of the Poem – Title : This step can be done alternatively as per your preference. Deciding what will be the title can be done either when you are going to start writing or after completing the whole poetry. Title magnetizes the reader to read your poetry. Usually, it is written on the name of the hero, for instance, The Odysseys were decided on the name of the hero Odyssey, The Epic of Gilgamesh over the name of Gilgamesh etc. So, title making is the important step in epic poetry.

It was all about epic poem and if you ask me about agile epic story then I would say it is the story written in fragmented part as it is too long to be written in one sprint. As epic is too large for agile, the team splits it into multiple or possibly thousands in which details can be added at anytime. Moreover, the agile can be made by anyone even by the one who is not involved in it.

Poetry writing needs practice and dedication which takes time but I hope these steps can help you in writing your own epic story.

Happy Writing!!

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Epic Poetry Definition, Form and Examples
Epic Poetry. An epic is a long narrative poem that tells the story of heroic deeds, normally accomplished by more-than-human characters. E.g. This ancient epic poem tells the story of a heroic journey and contains themes of courage and loyalty. Whether male or female, the men, and women in these poems are the best humanity offers.
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Step1 - Read before you write: Before writing any epic poetry or a story you should go through some of the renowned and famous writer's work that are excel in this field. This will give you an idea and a path to start on. Read poems like- The Epic of Gilgamesh, The Odysseys, The Mahabharta etc.
An essay on epic poetry : in five epistles ... with notes
An essay on epic poetry : in five epistles ... with notes by Hayley, William, 1745-1820. Publication date 1782 Topics Epic poetry Publisher London : J. Dodsley Collection cdl; americana Contributor University of California Libraries ... Be the first one to write a review. 1,550 Views . 2 Favorites. DOWNLOAD OPTIONS download 1 ...

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Definition of Epic

Example 2: Orlando Furioso by Ludovico Ariosto

Example 3: Don Juan by Lord Byron

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