signs of poor problem solving skills

Are Your Problem-Solving Skills Lacking? Try This New Approach

April 22, 2021

Approaches To Problem-Solving

I appreciate a good mechanic. When something goes wrong with my old truck, I take it to Todd. Todd manages to fix impossible problems. Once, he manufactured a part because no new parts were available. I enjoy working with Todd because he is very good at fixing the tough problems I bring to him. Occasionally, I bring a problem to him, and he says, “You don’t want to spend the money to fix that; it’s not worth it!” Many leaders work like Todd; they wait for others to bring them problems, and then they fix the problem.

I also appreciate Golden Retrievers, although I have never owned one. When my brothers and I grew old enough to go pheasant hunting, we only owned one shotgun. It was a 12-gauge single shot, which means that you had one chance to hit your target. Since we did not own a dog, we decided that whoever had the gun was the hunter, and the other two were the dogs. The dogs’ jobs were to flush out the pheasants. I cannot remember ever bringing home a pheasant, but we did have fun. Unlike my brothers, Golden Retrievers can sniff out a pheasant, point to them so the hunter can get ready, and then flush them out. Many leaders are a lot like Golden Retrievers in terms of solving problems. They are constantly looking for what could go wrong. They take time to anticipate problems before they happen.

I wanted to analyze some 360 feedback data to determine who was a more effective leader. Was it the problem solver or the problem anticipator? I identified leaders who had strengths and weaknesses in both traits and used the following criteria to classify each leader.

Characteristics of Problem-Solving Leaders

• Tend to start projects quickly and then resolve problems when they arise.
• Are skilled at spotting problems and fixing them.
• Do a good job every day and fix immediate problems and concerns.
• Tend to react to the present.
• Focus their efforts on work that needs to be done today.

Characteristics of Problem-Anticipating Leaders

• Are effective at anticipating potential problems or things that could go wrong.
• Tend to see trends and patterns in what they and others are doing.
• Prefer to take the long view and focus on the future.
• Like to anticipate the future.
• Are skilled at identifying changes that need to be made.

Using a dataset of 360-degree feedback reports from 110,460 leaders, I classified leaders who were in the top and bottom quartiles on both characteristics. I also identified two outcome variables I was interested in examining. Overall leadership effectiveness (the average of 60 behaviors found to differentiate poor from great leaders) and a confidence rating by direct reports. The confidence rating was an item asked of all direct reports where they indicated the extent to which they agree or disagree with the statement, “I have confidence that this organization will achieve its strategic objectives.” Since not all leaders had direct reports, the number of leaders analyzed on the confidence outcome was 97,851 leaders.

The graph below shows the results comparing groups in the bottom quartile and the top quartile on problem-solving and anticipating. Groups with bottom quartile scores in both dimensions were only rated at the 14 th percentile on their overall leadership effectiveness. Note that problem-solving ability has twice as much impact on overall leadership effectiveness as top-quartile skills at anticipating problems, but the combination of both skills propels leaders into the 87 th percentile.

Check out the latest episodes of  The 90th Percentile: An Unconventional Leadership Podcast. 

In this second study, I looked at the 97,851 leaders with direct reports. Ratings for anticipation and problem-solving were also only based on data gathered from each leader’s direct reports. The combination of these skills impacted the level of confidence direct reports had in achieving their organizations’ strategic goals.

Problem Solving is an Essential Skill

In another study, over 1.5 million raters were asked to select the top 4 most important competencies based on 19 different competencies. The number two skill rated as most important was solving problems and analyzing issues.

A day of work is often a day of solving one problem after another. Leaders frequently put themselves in the mechanic role—waiting for others to bring them problems rather than getting ahead of the issues by anticipating them before they occur. The leaders who effectively anticipate problems avoid fire drills and stress. If you are a skillful problem solver, take some time to think about and anticipate problems that may occur. The data is compelling that combining these two skills can be a powerful combination to improve your leadership effectiveness and the confidence of your direct reports in the business’s success.

Learn more about problem-solving by registering for this month’s leadership webinar .

-Joe Folkman

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Low Self-Efficiency Examples: 11 Warning Signs

Low self-efficacy examples are situations where a person doubts their ability to perform a task or achieve a goal.  Low self-efficiency can affect various aspects of life, such as academic achievement, career success, health behavior, and interpersonal relationships. Therefore, it is important to develop and maintain a high level of self-efficiency to overcome challenges and achieve one's potential.

Sanju Pradeepa

Ever feel like you just can’t get started on important tasks or projects, even though you know you should? Do little obstacles or setbacks completely derail your motivation and confidence? If so, you may be struggling with low self-efficacy.

Self-efficacy refers to your belief in your ability to succeed and accomplish goals. When your self-efficacy is low, you doubt yourself and your capabilities, even if you have the knowledge and skills to follow through. The good news is that self-efficacy can be improved, but first you need to recognize the warning signs. Here are 10 common Low Self-Efficiency Examples to watch out for:

Table of Contents

1. lacking confidence in your abilities.

Do you second-guess yourself and your abilities? That’s a sign of low self-efficacy. People with high self-efficacy believe in themselves and their abilities, while those with low self-efficacy doubt themselves and their capabilities.

Lacking confidence in your abilities is one of the biggest warning signs of low self-efficacy. You may:

• Feel like you’re not good enough or smart enough to accomplish goals?
• Believe you lack the skills or talents to succeed.
• Doubt your ability to problem-solve or handle challenges.
• Feel insecure about your strengths and focus on your perceived weaknesses.

Another sign is avoiding challenges or difficult tasks. If you have low self-efficacy, you may steer clear of activities you don’t feel equipped for rather than trusting in your ability to work through them. You tell yourself you “can’t” do something before even trying.

Procrastination is also common. If you don’t believe in yourself, you may put off goals or tasks, assuming you won’t succeed anyway. This creates a cycle of self-doubt and avoidance that’s hard to break.

The good news is that self-efficacy can be improved. Face your fears, one small step at a time. Set minor goals and acknowledge your wins. Look for evidence that you are competent. Learn from your mistakes instead of labeling yourself a failure. Surround yourself with a strong support system.

With work, you can strengthen your self-belief and confidence in your abilities. But first, you have to recognize the signs of low self-efficacy in yourself so you can start making the changes needed to build yourself up.

Importance of Self-Efficacy: Why Self-Efficacy Matters

2. difficulty making decisions.

When you have a hard time making even small decisions, it could be a sign that your self-efficacy needs a boost.

• You second-guess yourself constantly. Should you go out for dinner or cook at home? Call a friend or watch TV? The smallest choices feel overwhelming.
• You doubt your ability, so you avoid deciding. It’s easier to let someone else choose or just go with the flow. But that only makes you feel more inadequate and out of control of your life.
• You obsess over the options, worrying about making the “right” choice. The truth is, for most small decisions, there may not even be a right or wrong answer. Any option would be fine.
• You immediately regretted the choice you made. Instead of feeling satisfied, you wonder if you should have gone the other way. This erodes your confidence in yourself for the next decision.

The good news is that you can build your self-efficacy. Start with small, low-risk choices and trust yourself. Look at your options objectively, without judgment. Choose what feels right for you and commit to it. Pay attention to how things turn out, and give yourself credit for the good decisions you make each day. With practice, you’ll gain confidence in your ability to choose well and navigate life’s many crossroads.

Believe in yourself. You’ve got this! Making good choices is a skill that takes time to develop. Be patient and keep working at it. Your self-efficacy and happiness will thank you.

3. Poor Problem-Solving Skills

If you find yourself frequently struggling to solve problems or figure out solutions, it could indicate low self-efficacy in this area. Some signs of poor problem-solving skills include:

Lack of Creativity

When you have trouble seeing problems from multiple angles or coming up with new solutions, your problem-solving ability suffers. You may get stuck doing things the way you’ve always done them instead of thinking outside the box. Work on cultivating curiosity and looking at situations with a fresh perspective. Try brainstorming multiple options without judgment.

Characteristics of Creativity: 12 Things That Makes Us Creative

Difficulty identifying the root cause.

Do you address surface issues without digging deeper to find the source of the problem? It’s hard to solve a problem effectively without understanding the underlying factors contributing to it. Ask probing questions to make sure you’re seeing the whole picture. Look for connections between events and try to determine why something is happening, not just what is happening.

Tendency to Give Up Easily

If your self-efficacy in problem-solving is low, you may feel defeated quickly when obstacles arise. You see problems as impossible to solve rather than just difficult challenges. But most problems can be solved with persistence and a growth mindset. Even failures contain valuable lessons. With regular practice, your ability to solve all types of problems will improve. So take a deep breath and try again. Don’t give up so easily.

• Avoidance of problems
• Lack of planning or strategy
• Difficulty learning from mistakes
• Poor decision-making skills
• Feeling overwhelmed by complexity or ambiguity

Problem-Solving Mindset: How to Achieve It (15 Ways)

Building your problem-solving skills will boost your confidence in this area over time. Approach each problem as an opportunity to learn and grow, not as a reflection of your abilities. With regular effort and practice, you’ll get better at finding solutions.

4. Procrastination and Avoiding Challenges

Procrastination and avoiding challenges are common signs of low self-efficacy. If you frequently put off important tasks or make excuses to avoid difficult situations, it could indicate a lack of confidence in your abilities.

You continue to postpone important tasks .

Do you habitually push back deadlines or leave things until the last minute? This behavior shows a lack of belief in your ability to accomplish the work. Break down big tasks into smaller steps to build momentum and get started. Celebrate achieving each milestone to stay motivated.

You come up with reasons to avoid new opportunities.

Are you quick to turn down invitations to apply for a promotion or take on more responsibility at work or in your personal life? This evasiveness is often due to self-doubt and a fear of failure. Challenge negative thoughts about your abilities and focus on your strengths and past successes. Say “yes” more often and learn to embrace uncertainty.

You feel overwhelmed easily by difficult problems.

When faced with complicated challenges, do you feel defeated before even trying? A lack of resilience and perseverance are signs you don’t fully trust your problem-solving skills. Start with less intimidating issues to build confidence in your ability to work through adversity. Don’t be afraid to ask others for input—getting help does not mean you are incapable.

You give up quickly when obstacles arise.

Do you throw in the towel at the first sign of struggle or if things aren’t progressing as smoothly as you’d like? Having a fixed mindset that abilities are static and unchangeable leads to less persistence. Develop a growth mindset by viewing abilities as skills that can be improved with effort and practice. Learn from your mistakes and failures instead of seeing them as permanent shortcomings. With time and experience, you will gain the tenacity and patience to work through setbacks.

How Procrastination Affects Self-Esteem

In summary, constantly avoiding responsibilities and challenges will only worsen feelings of self-doubt and inadequacy. Take action by starting small, learning to adapt to change, and building resilience in the face of difficulties or uncertainty. Developing these habits and skills leads to greater confidence and motivation from experiencing your abilities firsthand.

5. Fear of Failure or Taking Risks

Do you tend to steer clear of challenges, taking risks, and trying new things out of fear of failing or not being good enough? This is a sign of low self-efficacy and a lack of belief in your abilities.

When faced with a challenge, you likely doubt yourself and your capacity to succeed. You perceive obstacles as threats rather than opportunities to grow. This fear of failure causes you to avoid taking risks altogether and stick with what you know, even if you’re unhappy or unfulfilled.

Rather than having a growth mindset, you are more fixed in your ways. You think that your abilities and intelligence are static, so you don’t push yourself outside of your comfort zone. This fixed mindset holds you back from achieving your true potential and limits your opportunities for success and happiness.

Some examples of avoiding risks due to low self-efficacy include:

• Not applying for a promotion at work because you don’t feel qualified enough.
• Not starting a side business or hobby because you fear it won’t work out
• Not traveling to new places alone because you lack confidence in your ability to navigate unfamiliar territory.
• Not putting yourself out there to date because you don’t believe you have much to offer a partner.
• Not learning a new skill because you’re convinced you won’t be any good at it.

The only way to build your self-efficacy is by facing your fears and engaging in the activities you’ve been avoiding. Start with small challenges and wins to gain confidence in your abilities little by little. Have a growth mindset; you can achieve and learn more than you think you’re capable of. With practice and perseverance, you will overcome your fear of failure and start achieving your full potential.

6. Negative Self-Talk and Pessimism

Negative self-talk and pessimism are toxic to your self-esteem and confidence. Do you frequently criticize yourself or always expect the worst? It may be a sign you have low self-efficacy.

Constant Self-Criticism

If you constantly criticize yourself for perceived mistakes, flaws, and imperfections, it shows a lack of self-compassion. Everyone makes errors, so try speaking to yourself with encouragement and praise for your efforts and accomplishments rather than harsh self-judgment. Replace negative statements like “I’m so stupid” with more constructive ones like “I’m still learning.”

Effects of Constant Criticism: How it Slowly Destroying You

Catastrophizing situations.

Do you immediately assume the worst will happen, even for small issues? This catastrophizing perspective means you feel incapable of handling problems and lack faith in your abilities. Try looking at situations more rationally and objectively. The worst rarely happens, and even when problems arise, you have the strength and skills to work through them. Challenge pessimistic thoughts with more balanced ones.

Feeling Like an Imposter

Suffering from “imposter syndrome” means you feel like a fraud, attributing your achievements to luck rather than ability. You doubt you have the intelligence or competence to succeed. Recognize that your talents, skills, hard work, and perseverance have led to your accomplishments. Everyone feels self-doubt at times. Focus on growth and progress, not perfection.

Self-Doubt and Anxiety: Do You Want to Deal With Them-7 Tips

Lack of motivation or initiative.

When you lack self-belief in your abilities, it’s hard to feel motivated or take initiative. But avoiding new challenges and opportunities only reinforces feelings of low self-efficacy. Take small steps outside your comfort zone each day. As you experience small wins and progress, your self-confidence and motivation will grow. Success builds upon itself.

18 Lack of Motivation Examples: How They Affect Your Life

With conscious effort, you can overcome negative self-talk and pessimism. Be kind to yourself, recognize your abilities, and take initiative; your self-belief and confidence will strengthen over time. You have the power to be your own best motivator or your own worst critic. Choose the former.

7. Dependence on the Approval and Opinions of Others

When your sense of self-worth depends primarily on what others think of you, you’ll find yourself constantly seeking reassurance and approval. If a friend or coworker doesn’t immediately respond to a text or email, you may become anxious, worrying that you said something wrong or that they’re upset with you. You may also have trouble making independent decisions, always wanting to check with others to make sure you’re doing the right thing.

Difficulty Accepting Criticism

If you tie your self-esteem to outside opinions, any criticism, no matter how constructive, can feel like a personal attack. You may become defensive or make excuses rather than listening openly. It’s important to understand that no one is perfect, and even the most well-intentioned people will make mistakes and have room for improvement. Try viewing criticism as an opportunity to learn and grow rather than a reflection of your self-worth.

Constant Comparison to Others

When you rely too heavily on what others think, you may find yourself constantly comparing yourself to the people around you. If a friend achieves a goal or milestone, you feel insecure or inadequate in comparison. Learn to appreciate the wins and successes of others rather than see them as a reflection on you. Focus on your journey and celebrate your progress.

Lack of Trust in Yourself

If you don’t value your own opinions and judgment, you’ll have trouble trusting yourself to make good decisions. You may doubt yourself even in areas where you have experience or expertise. Practice self-validation by reflecting on past decisions and lessons you’ve learned. Give yourself credit for the progress you’ve made rather than focusing on perceived mistakes or imperfections. With time, you’ll gain confidence in your ability to navigate through life’s challenges.

Importance of Believing in Yourself: Be Your Own Biggest Fan

8. lack of perseverance in the face of obstacles or setbacks.

When you lack perseverance, you tend to give up easily in the face of obstacles or setbacks. You may start projects or pursue new goals with enthusiasm but then throw in the towel at the first sign of difficulty or failure. Developing grit and a growth mindset can help build your perseverance.

You Avoid challenges.

Instead of seeing obstacles as an opportunity to learn and improve, you view them as a reason to quit. You stick to what you already know instead of pushing yourself outside your comfort zone. Rather than challenging yourself, you choose easy tasks where success is guaranteed. Growth and progress happen when you persevere in the face of difficulties, not when you avoid them.

You Get Discouraged easily.

When things don’t go your way or you experience a failure or setback, you become pessimistic. You lose motivation and hope, convinced you will never achieve your goals. With perseverance, you learn to see failures and mistakes as temporary rather than permanent. You look for lessons and opportunities for growth in every difficulty. Staying optimistic and maintaining a positive mindset will help motivate you to push through obstacles.

You Lack Long-Term vision .

You tend to live in the short term, focused on immediate results and gratification. You don’t see how the challenges or difficulties today will help you achieve your longer-term goals tomorrow. Developing perseverance requires keeping the big picture in mind—your ultimate vision and priorities. Remind yourself why you started and maintain determination and patience to achieve what matters to you. Don’t sacrifice what you want most for what you want right now.

With practice and conscious effort, you can strengthen your perseverance and grit. Stay focused on your goals, maintain optimism, learn from your failures, and push through obstacles. Growth and progress happen just outside your comfort zone . Keep putting one foot in front of the other, and don’t give up.

9. Blaming Others for Your Mistakes or Shortcomings

When you have a habit of blaming others for your mistakes and shortcomings, it indicates low self-efficacy. You fail to take ownership of your actions and the role you play in their outcomes.

It’s easy to point the finger at external factors instead of looking inward. You may blame your boss for a poor performance review, a friend for influencing you to make a bad decision or a family member for your unhappiness. But at the end of the day, you are responsible for your own choices and behaviors. Until you accept this responsibility, you will struggle to build confidenc e in yourself and your abilities.

Some signs you may be prone to blame-shifting are:

• You rarely acknowledge your role in failures or conflicts. It’s always someone else’s fault.
• You make excuses for poor decisions by citing what others said or did.
• You play the victim, claiming you have no control over the situation. But in reality, you always have a choice about how you respond.
• You gossip about others’ perceived faults and mistakes to make yourself feel better. But this only distracts you from improving yourself.

To build self-efficacy, hold yourself accountable for the good and the bad. Ask yourself what you could have done differently and how you can grow from your mistakes. Apologize when needed and make amends if your actions have harmed others. Learn from your experiences instead of dismissing them as someone else’s fault.

Over time, as you strengthen your ability to accept personal responsibility, your confidence and self-belief will flourish. You will feel empowered to shape your circumstances rather than feeling like a passive victim of them. By letting go of blame, you open the door to progress and self-improvement. Ultimately, you and only you have the power to change your life for the better.

10. Having a Fixed Mindset

A fixed mindset is one of the most damaging habits you can develop. It assumes that your abilities and intelligence are static—you are born with a fixed amount of talent and potential that can’t be changed. This mindset stifles growth and resilience . Here are some signs you may have a fixed mindset:

You avoid challenges.

With a fixed mindset, you stick to what you’re already good at to prove your worth. You avoid taking on new challenges that could expose your weaknesses or lead to failure. Growth and progress happen outside your comfort zone.

You give up easily in the face of obstacles or setbacks.

When you face difficulties, your fixed mindset causes you to believe your abilities have reached their limit. You lose motivation and give up rather than persevering. With a growth mindset, setbacks are temporary and overcomeable.

You feel threatened by the success of others.

Instead of being inspired, you feel inadequate in comparison. Their progress makes you question your abilities. With a growth mindset, you can appreciate the success of others and use it as motivation.

You don’t learn from your mistakes and feedback.

Mistakes and criticism imply you have reached your potential, so you ignore them. With a growth mindset, you seek out feedback and view mistakes as opportunities to improve.

Close Mindset: How It Holds You Back and How to Overcome It

The good news is that you can develop a growth mindset. Recognize that abilities and intelligence can be developed. View challenges and mistakes as learning opportunities. Learn from feedback and the success of others. Your potential is limitless, so take risks and step outside your comfort zone. Growth and progress happen when you adopt a growth mindset .

11. Setting Unrealistic Expectations

When you set unrealistic expectations for yourself, you’re setting yourself up for failure and disappointment. This l owers your self-efficacy and confidence in your abilities.

Some signs you may have unrealistic expectations:

• You aim for perfection in everything you do. No one is perfect, so cut yourself some slack. Set good-enough goals rather than flawless ones.
• You compare yourself to highly successful people. Everyone progresses at their own pace, so don’t measure your self-worth against unrealistic social comparisons. Focus on your journey.
• You don’t recognize your progress or wins. Take time to appreciate how far you’ve come rather than how far you still have to go. Celebrate milestones along the way.

To develop more realistic expectations:

• Evaluate your priorities and limit yourself to a few key goals at a time. Don’t overwhelm yourself by trying to achieve too much.
• Break big goals into smaller milestones. This makes the path to success seem more achievable and helps you stay motivated.
• Focus on progress, not perfection. Learn to accept that good enough is good enough. No one achieves 100% all the time.
• Practice self-compassion. Be kind to yourself and avoid harsh self-criticism. Talk to yourself with encouragement and praise for your efforts and accomplishments.
• Surround yourself with a strong support system. Let others cheer you on and help keep you accountable. Their support and feedback can help give you a more balanced perspective.

Developing realistic expectations is a journey. Be patient with yourself and make continuous improvements over time. Your self-efficacy and confidence will grow as you learn to set yourself up for success through sustainable goals and self-compassion . You’ve got this!

• Influence of Self-Efficacy on Performance in a Cognitive Task – Therese Bouffard-Bouchard ( The Journal of Social Psychology  – Volume 130, 1990 –  Issue 3 )
• What is Self-Efficacy | Explained in 2 min – Youtube video

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Growth Mindset

The decline of critical thinking skills, here's how to get back this important life skill..

Updated July 5, 2023 | Reviewed by Ray Parker

• Young people find themselves stuck in practical or survival thinking as a result of the pandemic.
• Thinking deeply is not easy in a world of distractions, so it's important to practice.
• Here are several ways to boost your critical thinking skills, such as active listening and lifelong learning.

Thinking clearly, deeply, and productively is one of our most valuable life skills. But, research shows that it is becoming one of the most endangered.

Unsurprisingly, there has been a decline in people’s ability to think deeply and reflectively in the past few years. One study, which focused on Millennial and Gen Z workers in the U.S., U.K., Germany, and Japan, found that many people reported burning out and struggling to make ends meet. So they’ve been spending more time thinking about their immediate challenges, rather than the more profound, meaningful types of thinking that might lead to better outcomes.

One concern in the report (released by the Lenovo computer company ) is that the changes young people had to make to deal with the pressures of 2020 are not temporary. Instead, many young people seem to find themselves stuck in a practical or survival thinking mindset that can negatively impact their ability to function personally and professionally over time.

How can you improve your critical thinking skills? Here are some strategies that can help:

1. Avoid the urgency trap: If you tend to rush through decision-making when under the pressure of too many demands, you can develop self-awareness of your counterproductive habit, and learn to pause or take a break before rushing forward.

2. Engage in reflective thinking: Take the time to reflect on your own thoughts, experiences, and biases. Reflective thinking helps you gain self-awareness, consider different perspectives, and evaluate your own reasoning.

3. Practice active listening and effective communication: Engage in active listening to understand others’ viewpoints and perspectives. Practice expressing your thoughts clearly, constructively, and logically, fostering productive discussions and debates.

4. Solve problems systematically: Break down complex problems into smaller components, identify underlying issues, and consider multiple solutions. Practice problem-solving techniques, such as brainstorming, evaluating alternatives, and anticipating potential consequences.

5. Embrace curiosity and lifelong learning: Cultivate a mindset of interest and a thirst for knowledge. Be open to new ideas, seek diverse perspectives, and continuously expand your understanding through reading, research, and learning from others.

6. Engage in critical thinking exercises: Solve puzzles, riddles, or logical problems that challenge your reasoning abilities. Engage in debates, analyze case studies, or participate in critical thinking workshops or courses to sharpen your skills.

7. Practice self-compassion: Thinking deeply is not easy in a world of distractions. Develop a regular meditation or exercise practice to manage stress . Remember that deep thinking requires nurturing yourself and taking time to slow down.

Copyright 2023 Tara Well PhD

Tara Well, Ph.D. , is a professor in the department of psychology at Barnard College of Columbia University.

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The five pitfalls of problem-solving - and how to avoid them.

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Even experienced leaders make surprising and costly mistakes when solving complex problems and ... [+] selling their solutions.

Of the many skills leaders need to be effective, research consistently shows that complex problem solving is paramount. For most of us, however, solving difficult problems and selling the solutions doesn’t come naturally since we haven’t been taught how to do it well. And when we try, obstacles abound.

Through our research, teaching and consulting, we’ve identified five pitfalls that frequently trip up business leaders when they tackle complex problems. If we want to be better leaders, we must understand these pitfalls and how to overcome them.

Pitfall 1: Flawed problem definition

When digitalization swept through the music industry, record companies reacted by fighting a court battle against illegal file sharing. They won, forcing Napster to unplug in 2001. But it was a pyrrhic victory. By 2010, two-thirds of their revenues had evaporated.

At the heart of this disaster was the way music industry executives viewed file sharing. To them, it was simple piracy, and they stated the problem accordingly: “How do we stop this piracy?”

A different and more productive problem statement would have been: “How can we make money in a world of digital music?” One company – Apple – asked this question, laying the groundwork for the phenomenally successful iPod, iPhone and iTunes store.

iTunes music gift cards of different values displayed for sale. (Photo by Roberto Machado ... [+] Noa/LightRocket via Getty Images)

The contrast between the record companies and Apple illustrates the importance of stating the right problem. A flawed problem definition , which often happens when you think you recognize a situation from past experience, puts you on a glide path to irrelevant solutions.

A practical way to state a problem is to use the TOSCA checklist by answering the following questions:

• T rouble: What indicates the current situation is not the desired one?
• O wner: Who is responsible for its resolution?
• S uccess: What will success look like and when?
• C onstraints: What are the binding constraints on developing a solution?
• A ctors: Who are the relevant stakeholders?

This checklist helps you understand the various facets of the problem. You can then use your answers to develop the core question that will guide your solution-development efforts.

Pitfall 2: Solution confirmation

In October 2005, Muhammad Yunus, Nobel laureate and father of microfinance, met with Franck Riboud, CEO of Danone. With a handshake, they agreed to team up to fight childhood malnutrition in Bangladesh, one of the world’s poorest countries.

With virtually no investigation or experimentation, Danone quickly developed a nutrition-packed yogurt called Shokti Doi (energy yogurt) and the business model for it as the solution to the problem. The Grameen Danone Foods Limited (GDFL) joint venture began production in February 2007.

GDFL’s performance, however, didn’t live up to the founders’ expectations .  Despite several re-organization efforts, by 2015 GDFL was producing at only two-thirds capacity. Supermarkets in middle-class urban areas accounted for the vast majority of sales, while the impact on poor communities was marginal.

GDFL had fallen prey to the solution confirmation pitfall . Rather than start by understanding the problem —child malnutrition— to find relevant solutions, the two organizations quickly zeroed in on a candidate solution they assumed would work because it combined Danone’s yogurt production expertise with Grameen’s marketing clout. A desire to move quickly coupled with strong executive support deterred anyone from challenging the hypotheses that underpinned the solution.

To avoid this pitfall, you must structure the problem. Start with the core question you are attempting to answer from problem statement. Break this core question down into as many non-overlapping sub-questions (elementary issues) as possible. You can then investigate them one by one in search for adequate solutions.

Pitfall 3: Wrong framework

Through a consulting project, we came to know Lisa, the HR Director at a call center company. Because of high employee turnover, recruiting and training costs had spiraled out of control. Lisa was considering contracting with an HR analytics firm that promised, thanks to machine-learning algorithms, to identify the personality traits associated with longer employee tenure and to select applicants with those characteristics. The firm had impressive references from clients who it helped achieve significant increases in retention rates.

While Lisa wondered whether she should become a client, something troubled her. After some reflection, she put her finger on it. The analytics firm was forcing her to think of the problem in a specific way, to use a specific lens. While it offered a framework to address the retention issue, this framework used an unstated, disputable assumption – that retention is linked to employee personality.

To test this assumption, Lisa conducted some exit interviews and discovered employees were leaving because of low pay, poor working conditions, and brutal management. Employees who stayed did so largely because they couldn’t find jobs elsewhere.

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Lisa realized that if the analytics firm’s predictive model worked as advertised, it would identify the personality traits of employees that other employers wouldn’t hire and select for those traits in applicants! While this could result in lower turnover, it may also lead to lower job performance—a critical factor that hadn’t been part of the discussion.

This story highlights the third pitfall of problem solving: using the wrong framework . Frameworks tell us what to pay attention to in a particular situation; but by suggesting what we should attend to, they also tell us what to ignore. Our choice of frameworks can blind us to important aspects of a problem, leading us to develop ineffective solutions.

Be careful not to blindly apply frameworks to a problem simply because you’re familiar with them. When using frameworks to structure a problem, make sure their assumptions fit your problem.

Pitfall 4: Narrow framing

In June 2011, American department store chain J.C. Penney announced that Ron Johnson, head of Apple’s wildly successful retail stores, would become Penney’s new CEO. The stock market reacted by bidding up Penney’s share price 17.5%. Johnson’s mission was to turn around the ailing retailer, which had seen its sales, profits and stock price steadily erode.

Ron Johnson announces the new J.C. Penney strategy at the J.C. Penney launch event at Pier 57 on ... [+] January 25, 2012 in New York City. (Photo by Astrid Stawiarz/Getty Images for jcpenney)

Johnson quickly pursued changes that were a dramatic departure from what Penney’s customers expected from the century-old retailer. He eliminated sales promotions and replaced them with a simple, everyday low-pricing approach. He transformed Penney’s from a crowded and cluttered department store selling many of its own labels organized by product type to a collection of 100 boutiques spaciously organized by well-known brands. Store employees were encouraged to dress in their own style and outfitted with hand-held checkout devices. The company communicated these changes as part of a major rebranding effort.

The return on this investment of hundreds of millions of dollars became clear when Penney’s announced its 2012 results. They were awful. Same-store sales fell 25% from the previous year and Penney’s recorded a $1 billion loss. By April 2013 Johnson was out as CEO, only 18 months after he started.

Johnson’s misfortune illustrates the narrow framing pitfall . When we tackle a complex problem that we superficially understand, it’s tempting to frame it narrowly to make it look like one we’ve worked on before. We can then reason by analogy to quickly identify a solution instead of investing in thoroughly understanding the problem.

Johnson ignored his superficial understanding of Penney’s customers and quickly jumped to an Apple-inspired solution—undiscounted, branded merchandise sold in a hip setting by quirky salespeople supported by a fresh, minimalist brand. The assumption, which proved to be wrong, was that Penney’s customers were like Apple Store customers. This assumption also explains why Johnson didn’t see a need to pilot-test his solution. If Apple Store and Penney’s customers are similar, what worked at Apple will work at J.C. Penney.

When we face complex problems involving customers or users we understand poorly, we should avoid narrowly framing them by analogy to other situations. Instead, we should use a design thinking approach to solve them, starting with understanding the problem from the perspective of the people who experience it. Doing so can help us identify opportunities for solutions that we would otherwise miss. We can then prototype multiple potential solutions and test them with real users, rather than “bet the farm” on one idea that may not work.

Pitfall 5: Miscommunication

Recent research shows the main cause of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease is the overconsumption of sugar—not fat. British scientist John Yudkin made this discovery in the late 1950s, but policy-makers largely ignored his findings. When Yudkin died in 1995, his research had long been forgotten . Until scientists rediscovered the role of sugar in the 2000s, nutritionists and public health authorities issued dietary guidelines primarily focused on reducing saturated fat consumption.

How did they get it so wrong for so long? One of the main reasons was that Yudkin was wholly unpersuasive. Although Yudkin was an internationally recognized nutritionist, his story was counterintuitive, especially to lay people: how could sugar generate more harmful fat in the body than fat itself?

In contrast, his rival, Ancel Keys, had a flawed story – focused on fat – but did a beautiful job of selling it to both scientists and policy makers. Keys also fought Yudkin ruthlessly, calling his theory “a mountain of nonsense,” and accusing him of issuing propaganda for the meat and dairy industries.

This example illustrates a well-known point: communication is critical to motivate action. Solving the problem is worthless if you can’t sell your solution to decision makers. This happens far too often in organizations, where reports are reviewed, archived and forgotten, with no tangible impact.

But Keys’s story shows the opposite problem can be even more harmful: brilliant communication of the wrong answer can lead to misguided and detrimental action. This is why the approach to selling the solution must be grounded in the problem solving process. The evidence from the problem-solving process must provide the rationale for the recommended solution, which must address the core question from the problem statement and each element of the TOSCA checklist.

How to Solve the Toughest Business Problems

As these five stories illustrate, even experienced leaders make surprising and costly mistakes when solving complex problems and selling their solutions. But these pitfalls are not without preventive measures. Following a disciplined method can help you avoid the pitfalls and develop and sell better solutions. In our new book,  Cracked It! How to Solve Big Problems and Sell Solutions Like Top Strategy Consultants , we provide a step-by-step process and toolkit to help readers tackle challenging business problems. We guide you through each step in our 4S method: from how to state, structure and then solve problems to how to sell the solutions.

While the idea of a structured problem-solving process may not sound exciting, the guidance and discipline it provides can give leaders the confidence and ability to crack the problems that matter most to their organizations.

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Problem-Solving Strategies and Obstacles

Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

Sean is a fact-checker and researcher with experience in sociology, field research, and data analytics.

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From deciding what to eat for dinner to considering whether it's the right time to buy a house, problem-solving is a large part of our daily lives. Learn some of the problem-solving strategies that exist and how to use them in real life, along with ways to overcome obstacles that are making it harder to resolve the issues you face.

What Is Problem-Solving?

In cognitive psychology , the term 'problem-solving' refers to the mental process that people go through to discover, analyze, and solve problems.

A problem exists when there is a goal that we want to achieve but the process by which we will achieve it is not obvious to us. Put another way, there is something that we want to occur in our life, yet we are not immediately certain how to make it happen.

Maybe you want a better relationship with your spouse or another family member but you're not sure how to improve it. Or you want to start a business but are unsure what steps to take. Problem-solving helps you figure out how to achieve these desires.

The problem-solving process involves:

• Discovery of the problem
• Deciding to tackle the issue
• Seeking to understand the problem more fully
• Researching available options or solutions
• Taking action to resolve the issue

Before problem-solving can occur, it is important to first understand the exact nature of the problem itself. If your understanding of the issue is faulty, your attempts to resolve it will also be incorrect or flawed.

Problem-Solving Mental Processes

Several mental processes are at work during problem-solving. Among them are:

• Perceptually recognizing the problem
• Representing the problem in memory
• Considering relevant information that applies to the problem
• Identifying different aspects of the problem
• Labeling and describing the problem

Problem-Solving Strategies

There are many ways to go about solving a problem. Some of these strategies might be used on their own, or you may decide to employ multiple approaches when working to figure out and fix a problem.

An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure that, by following certain "rules" produces a solution. Algorithms are commonly used in mathematics to solve division or multiplication problems. But they can be used in other fields as well.

In psychology, algorithms can be used to help identify individuals with a greater risk of mental health issues. For instance, research suggests that certain algorithms might help us recognize children with an elevated risk of suicide or self-harm.

One benefit of algorithms is that they guarantee an accurate answer. However, they aren't always the best approach to problem-solving, in part because detecting patterns can be incredibly time-consuming.

There are also concerns when machine learning is involved—also known as artificial intelligence (AI)—such as whether they can accurately predict human behaviors.

Heuristics are shortcut strategies that people can use to solve a problem at hand. These "rule of thumb" approaches allow you to simplify complex problems, reducing the total number of possible solutions to a more manageable set.

If you find yourself sitting in a traffic jam, for example, you may quickly consider other routes, taking one to get moving once again. When shopping for a new car, you might think back to a prior experience when negotiating got you a lower price, then employ the same tactics.

While heuristics may be helpful when facing smaller issues, major decisions shouldn't necessarily be made using a shortcut approach. Heuristics also don't guarantee an effective solution, such as when trying to drive around a traffic jam only to find yourself on an equally crowded route.

Trial and Error

A trial-and-error approach to problem-solving involves trying a number of potential solutions to a particular issue, then ruling out those that do not work. If you're not sure whether to buy a shirt in blue or green, for instance, you may try on each before deciding which one to purchase.

This can be a good strategy to use if you have a limited number of solutions available. But if there are many different choices available, narrowing down the possible options using another problem-solving technique can be helpful before attempting trial and error.

In some cases, the solution to a problem can appear as a sudden insight. You are facing an issue in a relationship or your career when, out of nowhere, the solution appears in your mind and you know exactly what to do.

Insight can occur when the problem in front of you is similar to an issue that you've dealt with in the past. Although, you may not recognize what is occurring since the underlying mental processes that lead to insight often happen outside of conscious awareness .

Research indicates that insight is most likely to occur during times when you are alone—such as when going on a walk by yourself, when you're in the shower, or when lying in bed after waking up.

How to Apply Problem-Solving Strategies in Real Life

If you're facing a problem, you can implement one or more of these strategies to find a potential solution. Here's how to use them in real life:

• Create a flow chart . If you have time, you can take advantage of the algorithm approach to problem-solving by sitting down and making a flow chart of each potential solution, its consequences, and what happens next.
• Recall your past experiences . When a problem needs to be solved fairly quickly, heuristics may be a better approach. Think back to when you faced a similar issue, then use your knowledge and experience to choose the best option possible.
• Start trying potential solutions . If your options are limited, start trying them one by one to see which solution is best for achieving your desired goal. If a particular solution doesn't work, move on to the next.
• Take some time alone . Since insight is often achieved when you're alone, carve out time to be by yourself for a while. The answer to your problem may come to you, seemingly out of the blue, if you spend some time away from others.

Obstacles to Problem-Solving

Problem-solving is not a flawless process as there are a number of obstacles that can interfere with our ability to solve a problem quickly and efficiently. These obstacles include:

• Assumptions: When dealing with a problem, people can make assumptions about the constraints and obstacles that prevent certain solutions. Thus, they may not even try some potential options.
• Functional fixedness : This term refers to the tendency to view problems only in their customary manner. Functional fixedness prevents people from fully seeing all of the different options that might be available to find a solution.
• Irrelevant or misleading information: When trying to solve a problem, it's important to distinguish between information that is relevant to the issue and irrelevant data that can lead to faulty solutions. The more complex the problem, the easier it is to focus on misleading or irrelevant information.
• Mental set: A mental set is a tendency to only use solutions that have worked in the past rather than looking for alternative ideas. A mental set can work as a heuristic, making it a useful problem-solving tool. However, mental sets can also lead to inflexibility, making it more difficult to find effective solutions.

How to Improve Your Problem-Solving Skills

In the end, if your goal is to become a better problem-solver, it's helpful to remember that this is a process. Thus, if you want to improve your problem-solving skills, following these steps can help lead you to your solution:

• Recognize that a problem exists . If you are facing a problem, there are generally signs. For instance, if you have a mental illness , you may experience excessive fear or sadness, mood changes, and changes in sleeping or eating habits. Recognizing these signs can help you realize that an issue exists.
• Decide to solve the problem . Make a conscious decision to solve the issue at hand. Commit to yourself that you will go through the steps necessary to find a solution.
• Seek to fully understand the issue . Analyze the problem you face, looking at it from all sides. If your problem is relationship-related, for instance, ask yourself how the other person may be interpreting the issue. You might also consider how your actions might be contributing to the situation.
• Research potential options . Using the problem-solving strategies mentioned, research potential solutions. Make a list of options, then consider each one individually. What are some pros and cons of taking the available routes? What would you need to do to make them happen?
• Take action . Select the best solution possible and take action. Action is one of the steps required for change . So, go through the motions needed to resolve the issue.
• Try another option, if needed . If the solution you chose didn't work, don't give up. Either go through the problem-solving process again or simply try another option.

You can find a way to solve your problems as long as you keep working toward this goal—even if the best solution is simply to let go because no other good solution exists.

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Dunbar K. Problem solving . A Companion to Cognitive Science . 2017. doi:10.1002/9781405164535.ch20

Stewart SL, Celebre A, Hirdes JP, Poss JW. Risk of suicide and self-harm in kids: The development of an algorithm to identify high-risk individuals within the children's mental health system . Child Psychiat Human Develop . 2020;51:913-924. doi:10.1007/s10578-020-00968-9

Rosenbusch H, Soldner F, Evans AM, Zeelenberg M. Supervised machine learning methods in psychology: A practical introduction with annotated R code . Soc Personal Psychol Compass . 2021;15(2):e12579. doi:10.1111/spc3.12579

Mishra S. Decision-making under risk: Integrating perspectives from biology, economics, and psychology . Personal Soc Psychol Rev . 2014;18(3):280-307. doi:10.1177/1088868314530517

Csikszentmihalyi M, Sawyer K. Creative insight: The social dimension of a solitary moment . In: The Systems Model of Creativity . 2015:73-98. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9085-7_7

Chrysikou EG, Motyka K, Nigro C, Yang SI, Thompson-Schill SL. Functional fixedness in creative thinking tasks depends on stimulus modality .  Psychol Aesthet Creat Arts . 2016;10(4):425‐435. doi:10.1037/aca0000050

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By Kendra Cherry, MSEd Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

Why poor Problem Solving Skills are hurting your business

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As a business leader, do you feel like your employees are spending most of their time “fighting fires” and too much of your time is spend managing escalations?  If so, poor Problem Solving Skills may be hurting your business.  You hire talented and capable employees and pay them well.  But are you able to harness their full potential and translate that into business value.  If your employees are in fire-fighting mode, then you probably aren’t.

The impact of continuing with poor problem-solving skills can be devastating to your company.  Poor problem solving may show up in your organization as operational inefficiencies – material waste, inconsistent production performance and expanded manufacturing cycle time.  These are symptoms that are relatively easy to identify and measure the potential impact on your company’s profitability.  Poor problem solving skills may also manifest in product quality issues, defects, re-work and non-conformance to design specifications.  When the problems show up in your products, they become not just your company’s issue but an issue for your customers as well.  Sometimes poor problem solving skills show up in less tangible ways such as missed market opportunities, slow time to market, customer dis-satisfaction, regulatory compliance issues and declining employee morale.  These are the missed opportunities.

There is a difference between managing incidents (fire-fighting) and solving problems (prevention).  If your employees are spending their time and energy simply responding, then they are not able to spend that time analyzing and solving the underlying problems that can improve your business.   Not all problems are bad – it is the creative solution to problems in operations and/or the marketplace that have lead to every innovation and major development in human history.  The challenge is getting your team focused on solving the right problems that can help your business be successful – whether that is developing a new product, expanding to new markets, improving operational efficiency, or enhancing product quality.  A structured problem solving methodology and employees proficient in applying problem solving skills can help you break the cycle of reactiveness and focus on value creation.

As a business leader, problem solving skills are important to you too. Escalations and responding to frequent incidents taking place in your organization are distractions that prevent you from focusing your time and attention on surveying the business environment to identify and chart out a course to future success.  The more time you spend focusing on the problems that were created yesterday, the less time you will have to lead the organization to where they need to be tomorrow.

For over 50 years, Kepner-Tregoe has been helping organizations and business leaders like you implement structured problem solving processes and skills to break the cycle of responsiveness and get your business humming so you can focus on the next big challenge or opportunity.  As your trusted problem solving advisors, KT’s unique approach to consulting and training, combined with our proven problem solving processes have helped companies across industries achieve their goals.

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Everybody can benefit from having good problem solving skills as we all encounter problems on a daily basis. Some of these problems are obviously more severe or complex than others.

It would be wonderful to have the ability to solve all problems efficiently and in a timely fashion without difficulty, unfortunately though there is no one way in which all problems can be solved.

You will discover, as you read through our pages on problem solving, that the subject is complex.

However well prepared we are for problem solving, there is always an element of the unknown. Although planning and structuring will help make the problem solving process more likely to be successful, good judgement and an element of good luck will ultimately determine whether problem solving was a success.

Interpersonal relationships fail and businesses fail because of poor problem solving.

This is often due to either problems not being recognised or being recognised but not being dealt with appropriately.

Problem solving skills are highly sought after by employers as many companies rely on their employees to identify and solve problems.

A lot of the work in problem solving involves understanding what the underlying issues of the problem really are - not the symptoms. Dealing with a customer complaint may be seen as a problem that needs to be solved, and it's almost certainly a good idea to do so. The employee dealing with the complaint should be asking what has caused the customer to complain in the first place, if the cause of the complaint can be eliminated then the problem is solved.

In order to be effective at problem solving you are likely to need some other key skills, which include:

Creativity. Problems are usually solved either intuitively or systematically. Intuition is used when no new knowledge is needed - you know enough to be able to make a quick decision and solve the problem, or you use common sense or experience to solve the problem. More complex problems or problems that you have not experienced before will likely require a more systematic and logical approach to solve, and for these you will need to use creative thinking. See our page on Creative Thinking for more information.

Researching Skills. Defining and solving problems often requires you to do some research: this may be a simple Google search or a more rigorous research project. See our Research Methods section for ideas on how to conduct effective research.

Team Working. Many problems are best defined and solved with the input of other people. Team working may sound like a 'work thing' but it is just as important at home and school as well as in the workplace. See our Team-Working page for more.

Emotional Intelligence. It is worth considering the impact that a problem and/or its solution has on you and other people. Emotional intelligence, the ability to recognise the emotions of yourself and others, will help guide you to an appropriate solution. See our Emotional Intelligence pages for more.

Risk Management. Solving a problem involves a certain amount of risk - this risk needs to be weighed up against not solving the problem. You may find our Risk Management page useful.

Decision Making . Problem solving and decision making are closely related skills, and making a decision is an important part of the problem solving process as you will often be faced with various options and alternatives. See Decision Making for more.

The measure of success is not whether you have a tough problem to deal with, but whether it is the same problem you had last year.

John Foster Dulles, Former US Secretary of State.

What is a Problem?

The Concise Oxford Dictionary (1995) defines a problem as:

“ A doubtful or difficult matter requiring a solution ”

“ Something hard to understand or accomplish or deal with.”

It is worth also considering our own view of what a problem is.

We are constantly exposed to opportunities in life, at work, at school and at home. However many opportunities are missed or not taken full advantage of. Often we are unsure how to take advantage of an opportunity and create barriers - reasons why we can't take advantage. These barriers can turn a potentially positive situation into a negative one, a problem.

Are we missing the 'big problem'? It is human nature to notice and focus on small, easy to solve problems but much harder to work on the big problems that may be causing some of the smaller ones.

It's useful to consider the following questions when faced with a problem.

Is the problem real or perceived?

Is this problem really an opportunity?

Does the problem need solving?

All problems have two features in common: goals and barriers.

Problems involve setting out to achieve some objective or desired state of affairs and can include avoiding a situation or event.

Goals can be anything that you wish to achieve, or where you want to be. If you are hungry then your goal is probably to eat something. If you are the head of an organisation (CEO), then your main goal may be to maximise profits and this main goal may need to be split into numerous sub-goals in order to fulfil the ultimate aim of increasing profits.

If there were no barriers in the way of achieving a goal, then there would be no problem. Problem solving involves overcoming the barriers or obstacles that prevent the immediate achievement of goals.

Following our examples above, if you feel hungry then your goal is to eat. A barrier to this may be that you have no food available - so you take a trip to the supermarket and buy some food, removing the barrier and thus solving the problem. Of course for the CEO wanting to increase profits there may be many more barriers preventing the goal from being reached. The CEO needs to attempt to recognise these barriers and remove them or find other ways to achieve the goals of the organisation.

Our problem solving pages provide a simple and structured approach to problem solving.

The approach referred to is generally designed for problem solving in an organisation or group context, but can also be easily adapted to work at an individual level at home or in education.

Trying to solve a complex problem alone however can be a mistake. The old adage " A problem shared is a problem halved " is sound advice.

Talking to others about problems is not only therapeutic but can help you see things from a different point of view, opening up more potential solutions.

Stages of Problem Solving

Effective problem solving usually involves working through a number of steps or stages, such as those outlined below.

Problem Identification:

This stage involves: detecting and recognising that there is a problem; identifying the nature of the problem; defining the problem.

The first phase of problem solving may sound obvious but often requires more thought and analysis. Identifying a problem can be a difficult task in itself. Is there a problem at all? What is the nature of the problem, are there in fact numerous problems? How can the problem be best defined? By spending some time defining the problem you will not only understand it more clearly yourself but be able to communicate its nature to others, which leads to the second phase.

Structuring the Problem:

This stage involves: a period of observation, careful inspection, fact-finding and developing a clear picture of the problem.

Following on from problem identification, structuring the problem is all about gaining more information about the problem and increasing understanding. This phase is all about fact finding and analysis, building a more comprehensive picture of both the goal(s) and the barrier(s). This stage may not be necessary for very simple problems but is essential for problems of a more complex nature.

Looking for Possible Solutions:

During this stage you will generate a range of possible courses of action, but with little attempt to evaluate them at this stage.

From the information gathered in the first two phases of the problem solving framework it is now time to start thinking about possible solutions to the identified problem. In a group situation this stage is often carried out as a brain-storming session, letting each person in the group express their views on possible solutions (or part solutions). In organisations different people will have different expertise in different areas and it is useful, therefore, to hear the views of each concerned party.

Making a Decision:

This stage involves careful analysis of the different possible courses of action and then selecting the best solution for implementation.

This is perhaps the most complex part of the problem solving process. Following on from the previous step it is now time to look at each potential solution and carefully analyse it. Some solutions may not be possible, due to other problems like time constraints or budgets. It is important at this stage to also consider what might happen if nothing was done to solve the problem - sometimes trying to solve a problem that leads to many more problems requires some very creative thinking and innovative ideas.

Finally, make a decision on which course of action to take - decision making is an important skill in itself and we recommend that you see our pages on decision making .

Implementation:

This stage involves accepting and carrying out the chosen course of action.

Implementation means acting on the chosen solution. During implementation more problems may arise especially if identification or structuring of the original problem was not carried out fully.

Monitoring/Seeking Feedback:

The last stage is about reviewing the outcomes of problem solving over a period of time, including seeking feedback as to the success of the outcomes of the chosen solution.

The final stage of problem solving is concerned with checking that the process was successful. This can be achieved by monitoring and gaining feedback from people affected by any changes that occurred. It is good practice to keep a record of outcomes and any additional problems that occurred.

Continue to: Identifying and Structuring Problems Social Problem Solving

See also: Project Management Risk Management Effective Decision Making

What Are Problem-Solving Skills? (Examples Included)

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By Mike Simpson

Problem-solving skills are important not just for work. In the words of Karl Popper , “All life is problem-solving.”

What on earth does that mean? Simply that being alive means facing challenges. With problem-solving skills, you can navigate issues with greater ease, making hard times, well, less hard.

But what are problem-solving skills? How do you know if you have them or not? Why do they matter to your job search? And what should you do if you don’t feel yours are up to snuff? Luckily, we’re about to get into all of that.

If you’re curious about the world of problem-solving skills, here’s what you need to know.

What Are Problem-Solving Skills?

Before we dig into any examples, let’s focus first on an important question: what are problem-solving skills.

To answer that question, let’s start with the barebones basics. According to Merriam-Webster , problem-solving is “the process or act of finding a solution to a problem.” Why does that matter? Well, because it gives you insight into what problem-solving skills are.

Any skill that helps you find solutions to problems can qualify. And that means problem-solving skills aren’t just one capability, but a toolbox filled with soft skills and hard skills that come together during your time of need.

The ability to solve problems is relevant to any part of your life. Whether your writing a grocery list or dealing with a car that won’t start, you’re actually problem-solving.

The same is true at work, too. Most tasks actually involve a degree of problem-solving. Really? Really.

Think about it this way; when you’re given an assignment, you’re being asked, “Can you do this thing?” Doing that thing is the problem.

Then, you have to find a path that lets you accomplish what you need to do. That is problem-solving.

Yes, sometimes what you need to handle isn’t “challenging” in the difficulty sense. But that doesn’t mean it doesn’t count.

Besides, some of what you need to do will legitimately be hard. Maybe you’re given a new responsibility, or something goes wrong during a project. When that happens, you’ll have to navigate unfamiliar territory, gather new information, and think outside of the box. That’s problem-solving, too.

That’s why hiring managers favor candidates with problem-solving skills. They make you more effective in your role, increasing the odds that you can find solutions whenever the need arises.

How Are Problem-Solving Skills Relevant to a Job Search?

Alright, you probably have a good idea of what problem-solving skills are. Now, it’s time to talk about why they matter to your job search.

We’ve already touched on one major point: hiring managers prefer candidates with strong problem-solving skills. That alone makes these capabilities a relevant part of the equation. If you don’t show the hiring manager you’ve got what it takes to excel, you may struggle to land a position.

But that isn’t the only reason these skills matter. Problem-solving skills can help you during the entire job search process. After all, what’s a job search but a problem – or a series of problems – that needs an answer.

You need a new job; that’s the core problem you’re solving. But every step is its own unique challenge. Finding an opening that matches your skills, creating a resume that resonates with the hiring manager, nailing the interview, and negotiating a salary … those are all smaller problems that are part of the bigger one.

So, problem-solving skills really are at the core of the job search experience. By having strong capabilities in this area, you may find a new position faster than you’d expect.

Okay, you may be thinking, “If hiring managers prefer candidates with problem-solving skills, which ones are they after? Are certain problem-solving capabilities more important today? Is there something I should be going out of my way to showcase?”

While any related skills are worth highlighting, some may get you further than others. Analysis, research, creativity, collaboration , organization, and decision-making are all biggies. With those skills, you can work through the entire problem-solving process, making them worthwhile additions to your resume.

But that doesn’t mean you have to focus there solely. Don’t shy away from showcasing everything you bring to the table. That way, if a particular hiring manager is looking for a certain capability, you’re more likely to tap on what they’re after.

How to Highlight Problem-Solving Skills for Job Search

At this point, it’s ridiculously clear that problem-solving skills are valuable in the eyes of hiring managers. So, how do you show them that you’ve got all of the capabilities they are after? By using the right approach.

When you’re writing your resume or cover letter , your best bet is to highlight achievements that let you put your problem-solving skills to work. That way, you can “show” the hiring manager you have what it takes.

Showing is always better than telling. Anyone can write down, “I have awesome problem-solving skills.” The thing is, that doesn’t really prove that you do. With a great example, you offer up some context, and that makes a difference.

How do you decide on which skills to highlight on your resume or cover letter? By having a great strategy. With the Tailoring Method , it’s all about relevancy. The technique helps you identify skills that matter to that particular hiring manager, allowing you to speak directly to their needs.

Plus, you can use the Tailoring Method when you answer job interview questions . With that approach, you’re making sure those responses are on-point, too.

But when do you talk about your problem-solving capabilities during an interview? Well, there’s a good chance you’ll get asked problem-solving interview questions during your meeting. Take a look at those to see the kinds of questions that are perfect for mentioning these skills.

However, you don’t have to stop there. If you’re asked about your greatest achievement or your strengths, those could be opportunities, too. Nearly any open-ended question could be the right time to discuss those skills, so keep that in mind as you practice for your interview.

How to Develop Problem-Solving Skills If You Don’t Have Them

Developing problem-solving skills may seem a bit tricky on the surface, especially if you think you don’t have them. The thing is, it doesn’t actually have to be hard. You simply need to use the right strategy.

First, understand that you probably do have problem-solving skills; you simply may not have realized it. After all, life is full of challenges that you have to tackle, so there’s a good chance you’ve developed some abilities along the way.

Now, let’s reframe the question and focus on how to improve your problem-solving skills. Here’s how to go about it.

Understand the Problem-Solving Process

In many cases, problem-solving is all about the process. You:

• Identify the problem
• Analyze the key elements
• Look for potential solutions
• Examine the options for viability and risk
• Decide on an approach
• Review the outcome for lessons

By understanding the core process, you can apply it more effectively. That way, when you encounter an issue, you’ll know how to approach it, increasing the odds you’ll handle the situation effectively.

Try Puzzles and Games

Any activity that lets you take the steps listed above could help you hone your problem-solving skills. For example, brainteasers, puzzles, and logic-based games can be great places to start.

Whether it’s something as straightforward – but nonetheless challenging – as Sudoku or a Rubik’s Cube, or something as complex as Settlers of Catan, it puts your problem-solving skills to work. Plus, if you enjoy the activity, it makes skill-building fun, making it a win-win.

Look for Daily Opportunities

If you’re looking for a practical approach, you’re in luck. You can also look at the various challenges you face during the day and think about how to overcome them.

For example, if you always experience a mid-day energy slump that hurts your productivity, take a deep dive into that problem. Define what’s happening, think about why it occurs, consider various solutions, pick one to try, and analyze the results.

By using the problem-solving approach more often in your life, you’ll develop those skills further and make using these capabilities a habit. Plus, you may find ways to improve your day-to-day living, which is a nice bonus.

Volunteer for “Stretch” Projects

If you’re currently employed, volunteering for projects that push you slightly outside of your comfort zone can help you develop problem-solving skills, too. You’ll encounter the unknown and have to think outside of the box, both of which can boost critical problem-solving-related skills.

Plus, you may gain other capabilities along the way, like experience with new technologies or tools. That makes the project an even bigger career booster, which is pretty awesome.

List of Problem-Solving Skills

Alright, we’ve taken a pretty deep dive into what problem-solving skills are. Now, it’s time for some problem-solving skills examples.

As we mentioned above, there are a ton of capabilities and traits that can support better problem-solving. By understanding what they are, you can showcase the right abilities during your job search.

So, without further ado, here is a quick list of problem-solving skill examples:

• Collaboration
• Organization
• Decision-Making
• Troubleshooting
• Self-Reliance
• Self-Motivation
• Communication
• Attention to Detail
• Brainstorming
• Forecasting
• Active Listening
• Accountability
• Open-Mindedness
• Critical Thinking
• Flexibility

Do you have to showcase all of those skills during your job search individually? No, not necessarily. Instead, you want to highlight a range of capabilities based on what the hiring manager is after. If you’re using the Tailoring Method, you’ll know which ones need to make their way into your resume, cover letter, and interview answers.

Now, are there other skills that support problem-solving? Yes, there certainly can be.

Essentially any skill that helps you go from the problem to the solution can, in its own right, be a problem-solving skill.

All of the skills above can be part of the equation. But, if you have another capability that helps you flourish when you encounter an obstacle, it can count, too.

Reflect on your past experience and consider how you’ve navigated challenges in the past. If a particular skill helped you do that, then it’s worth highlighting during a job search.

If you would like to find out more about skills to put on a resume , we’ve taken a close look at the topic before. Along with problem-solving skills, we dig into a variety of other areas, helping you choose what to highlight so that you can increase your odds of landing your perfect job.

Putting It All Together

Ultimately, problem-solving skills are essential for professionals in any kind of field. By honing your capabilities and showcasing them during your job search, you can become a stronger candidate and employee. In the end, that’s all good stuff, making it easier for you to keep your career on track today, tomorrow, and well into the future.

Co-Founder and CEO of TheInterviewGuys.com. Mike is a job interview and career expert and the head writer at TheInterviewGuys.com.

His advice and insights have been shared and featured by publications such as Forbes , Entrepreneur , CNBC and more as well as educational institutions such as the University of Michigan , Penn State , Northeastern and others.

Learn more about The Interview Guys on our About Us page .

About The Author

Mike simpson.

Co-Founder and CEO of TheInterviewGuys.com. Mike is a job interview and career expert and the head writer at TheInterviewGuys.com. His advice and insights have been shared and featured by publications such as Forbes , Entrepreneur , CNBC and more as well as educational institutions such as the University of Michigan , Penn State , Northeastern and others. Learn more about The Interview Guys on our About Us page .

Copyright © 2024 · TheInterviewguys.com · All Rights Reserved

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Cognitive Decline

✅ Verified by World Mental Healthcare Association

Table of Contents

• What Is Cognitive Decline?  
• Symptoms Of Cognitive Decline 
• Causes Of Cognitive Decline 
• Cognitive Processes That Decline Naturally With Age  
• Cognitive Decline And Mental Health  
• Mental Health Conditions Associated With Cognitive Decline  

How To Diagnose Cognitive Decline

How to reverse cognitive decline.

• How To Prevent Cognitive Decline 
• Takeaway 
• At A Glance 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Cognitive decline encompasses the progressive weakening of cognitive functions, including memory, reasoning, attention, etc. Cognitive decline and mental health are inversely related to each other, the former often enhancing the risk of mental health disorders in the long run.   

What Is Cognitive Decline?

Cognitive decline refers to the gradual deterioration of cognitive functions 1  Dhakal, A., & Bobrin, B. D. (2022). Cognitive Deficits. PubMed; StatPearls Publishing. Available from : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559052/#:~:text=Cognitive%20deficits%20may%20accompany%20symptoms , such as memory, attention, reasoning, and problem-solving abilities, that occurs as a natural part of the aging process or due to underlying medical conditions. It involves a decrease in a person’s cognitive abilities that can impact their daily functioning and quality of life.

The symptoms of cognitive decline can vary in severity, ranging from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to more severe forms of cognitive impairment, such as dementia. It impacts 5.1-41% of the global population 2  Pais, R., Ruano, L., P Carvalho, O., & Barros, H. (2020). Global Cognitive Impairment Prevalence and Incidence in Community Dwelling Older Adults-A Systematic Review.  Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) ,  5 (4), 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics5040084 every year.

Read More About Attention Here

Symptoms Of Cognitive Decline

The common symptoms of cognitive decline include 3  Jessen, F., Amariglio, R. E., Buckley, R. F., van der Flier, W. M., Han, Y., Molinuevo, J. L., Rabin, L., Rentz, D. M., Rodriguez-Gomez, O., Saykin, A. J., Sikkes, S. A. M., Smart, C. M., Wolfsgruber, S., & Wagner, M. (2020). The characterisation of subjective cognitive decline.  The Lancet. Neurology ,  19 (3), 271–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30368-0 :

• Memory Issues: Forgetfulness of recent events or conversations, frequent misplacement of objects.
• Communication Challenges: Difficulty finding words, repeating questions or stories.
• Decision-Making Problems: Struggling with judgments, poor problem-solving abilities.
• Disorientation: Getting lost, confusion about time, date, or location.
• Impaired Concentration: Inability to focus, difficulty following instructions.
• Reduced Motor Skills: Trouble with coordination, difficulty in routine activities.
• Personality And Mood Changes: Increased irritability or apathy, mood swings.
• Social Withdrawal: Decreased interest in social activities, difficulty engaging.
• Loss Of Independence: needing more help with tasks, managing finances.
• Confusion With Familiar Activities: struggling with routine tasks, recognizing faces inconsistently.

Read More About Memory Here

Causes Of Cognitive Decline

The various causes 4  Koliatsos V. E. (2016). A Clinical Approach to Cognitive Impairment.  Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) ,  14 (4), 437–447. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.focus.20160026 that trigger the symptoms of cognitive decline include:

• Normal developmental aging.
• Neuro-degenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease.
• Vascular issues like reduced blood flow, etc.
• Genetics and an inherited predisposition to cognitive decline.
• Brain injuries, like traumatic brain injury.
• Chronic illnesses like diabetes, heart disease, etc.
• Side effects of medication like antidepressants, etc.
• Disrupted sleep patterns and an unhealthy diet
• Mental health disorders like depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders.

Read More About Depression Here

Cognitive Processes That Decline Naturally With Age

The symptoms of cognitive decline are not always triggered by unnatural causes; these can also be caused by the natural aging process 5  Klimova, B., Valis, M., & Kuca, K. (2017). Cognitive decline in normal aging and its prevention: a review on non-pharmacological lifestyle strategies.  Clinical interventions in aging ,  12 , 903–910. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S132963 —impacting:

• Thinking: Slower information processing and reduced complex reasoning.
• Attention: Difficulty focusing on tasks and maintaining concentration.
• Perception: Altered interpretation of sensory information.
• Memory: Reduced recall of recent and past events.
• Learning: Challenges in acquiring and retaining new information.
• Judgment: Impaired ability to assess situations accurately.
• Decision-Making: Struggles in making sound choices based on information.

Read More About Decision-Making Here

Cognitive Decline And Mental Health

Cognitive decline and mental health are inversely related to each other. Cognitive decline leads to frustration, anxiety, and reduced self-esteem due to diminishing abilities.

Depression can emerge as individuals struggle with loss of control and isolation due to communication difficulties, impacting their overall sense of purpose and satisfaction. Caregivers also face emotional stress, burnout, and sadness—contributing to strained relationships and community-wide challenges 6  Gray, M., Gills, J. L., Glenn, J. M., Vincenzo, J. L., Walter, C. S., Madero, E. N., Hall, A., Fuseya, N., & Bott, N. T. (2021). Cognitive decline negatively impacts physical function.  Experimental gerontology ,  143 , 111164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2020.111164 .

Mental Health Conditions Associated With Cognitive Decline

Research 7  Morozova, A., Zorkina, Y., Abramova, O., Pavlova, O., Pavlov, K., Soloveva, K., Volkova, M., Alekseeva, P., Andryshchenko, A., Kostyuk, G., Gurina, O., & Chekhonin, V. (2022). Neurobiological Highlights of Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatric Disorders.  International journal of molecular sciences ,  23 (3), 1217. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031217 confirms the close association between cognitive decline and mental health disorders, including:

• Mood disorders
• Anxiety Disorder
• Stress disorders
• Alzheimer’s disease
• Parkinson’s disease

Read More About Dementia Here

Diagnosing the symptoms of cognitive decline involves a holistic approach 8  McCollum, L., & Karlawish, J. (2020). Cognitive Impairment Evaluation and Management.  The Medical clinics of North America ,  104 (5), 807–825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2020.06.007 , combining medical history, physical examinations, cognitive screening tests, neuro-psychological evaluations, brain imaging, laboratory tests, genetic analysis, and clinical assessments by specialists.

This comprehensive process helps differentiate normal aging from pathological decline, enabling early intervention, appropriate management, and support for affected individuals and their caregivers. 

Measures on how to reverse cognitive decline usually involves a multifaceted approach  comprising of: 

• Professional treatment methods 9 Wray, L. O., Mavandadi, S., Klaus, J. R., Tew, J. D., Jr, Oslin, D. W., & Sweet, R. A. (2012). The association between mental health and cognitive screening scores in older veterans.  The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry ,  20 (3), 215–227. https://doi.org/10.1097/JGP.0b013e3182410cdb like therapy and support groups offer emotional assistance to both individuals and caregivers coping with cognitive decline.
• Light therapy utilizes specific light wavelengths to affect brain function, circadian rhythms, mood, sleep, and cognitive performance, potentially assisting in reversing cognitive decline.
• Some medications, such as cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine, are prescribed to manage symptoms of cognitive decline, especially in conditions like Alzheimer’s disease.
• Neurofeedback enables individuals to enhance cognitive function and potentially reverse cognitive decline by self-regulating brain activity through real-time monitoring of neural patterns and receiving brainwave activity feedback.
• Cogmed Working Memory Training is a structured cognitive training program designed to improve working memory, a crucial aspect of cognitive function.
• Cyclic Variations in Adaptive Conditioning (CVAC) employs controlled atmospheric pressure and oxygen changes to potentially enhance cellular function, oxygenation, circulation, and brain health, aiding cognitive restoration.
• Cognitive rehabilitation is designed to strengthen cognitive abilities and enhance memory, attention, and problem-solving skills.

How To Prevent Cognitive Decline

Consider the following measures 10  Taylor, W. D., & Reynolds, C. F., 3rd (2020). Psychiatry’s Obligation to Treat and Mitigate the Rising Burden of Age-Related Mental Disorders.  JAMA psychiatry ,  77 (1), 5–6. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.2111 on how to prevent cognitive decline:

• Brain Exercises: Puzzles, games for cognitive challenge.
• Physical Activity: Exercise for better brain blood flow.
• Healthy Diet: Nutrient-rich foods, omega-3s.
• Adequate Sleep: Quality sleep aids memory.
• Stress Reduction: Deep breathing, meditation.
• Social Interaction: Stay connected for engagement.
• Mental Stimulation: Read, learn, be creative.
• Limit Alcohol And Smoking: Reduce both for brain health.
• Hydration: Stay hydrated for cognitive function.
• Routine: Maintain a consistent daily schedule.

Read More About Stress Here

In the intricate landscape of cognitive decline, where memory, thought, and identity intertwine, our understanding of its multifaceted nature is a beacon of hope. As we unravel the causes, symptoms, and potential interventions, we pave the way for improved quality of life, not only for those affected but also for their families and communities.

The recognition that cognitive decline is not an inevitable fate but a challenge that can be met with proactive measures inspires us to foster resilience, compassion, and continuous learning.

By embracing the power of knowledge, compassion, and collaboration, we embark on a journey toward a world where cognitive well-being is nurtured, and each step is a testament to our commitment to preserving the essence of who we are.

At A Glance

• Cognitive decline, a natural part of aging, impacts cognitive functions and mental health.
• The symptoms of cognitive decline include memory issues, communication challenges, and disorientation.
• Causes of cognitive decline range from aging to neurodegenerative diseases and chronic conditions.
• Measures on how to reverse cognitive decline involve cognitive training, medications, and support.
• Measures on how to prevent cognitive decline emphasize changes in lifestyle factors for brain development and mental health.

1. What protects adults from cognitive decline?

Engaging in regular physical exercise, maintaining a healthy diet, and staying mentally active can help protect adults from cognitive decline.

2. How do you monitor cognitive decline?

Cognitive decline can be monitored through regular assessments, cognitive tests, and medical evaluations conducted by healthcare professionals.

3. What if my family or friends show symptoms of cognitive decline?

If family or friends exhibit symptoms of cognitive decline, it’s important to encourage them to seek medical advice for proper diagnosis and intervention.

References:

• 1  Dhakal, A., & Bobrin, B. D. (2022). Cognitive Deficits. PubMed; StatPearls Publishing. Available from : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559052/#:~:text=Cognitive%20deficits%20may%20accompany%20symptoms
• 2  Pais, R., Ruano, L., P Carvalho, O., & Barros, H. (2020). Global Cognitive Impairment Prevalence and Incidence in Community Dwelling Older Adults-A Systematic Review.  Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) ,  5 (4), 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics5040084
• 3  Jessen, F., Amariglio, R. E., Buckley, R. F., van der Flier, W. M., Han, Y., Molinuevo, J. L., Rabin, L., Rentz, D. M., Rodriguez-Gomez, O., Saykin, A. J., Sikkes, S. A. M., Smart, C. M., Wolfsgruber, S., & Wagner, M. (2020). The characterisation of subjective cognitive decline.  The Lancet. Neurology ,  19 (3), 271–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30368-0
• 4  Koliatsos V. E. (2016). A Clinical Approach to Cognitive Impairment.  Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) ,  14 (4), 437–447. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.focus.20160026
• 5  Klimova, B., Valis, M., & Kuca, K. (2017). Cognitive decline in normal aging and its prevention: a review on non-pharmacological lifestyle strategies.  Clinical interventions in aging ,  12 , 903–910. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S132963
• 6  Gray, M., Gills, J. L., Glenn, J. M., Vincenzo, J. L., Walter, C. S., Madero, E. N., Hall, A., Fuseya, N., & Bott, N. T. (2021). Cognitive decline negatively impacts physical function.  Experimental gerontology ,  143 , 111164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2020.111164
• 7  Morozova, A., Zorkina, Y., Abramova, O., Pavlova, O., Pavlov, K., Soloveva, K., Volkova, M., Alekseeva, P., Andryshchenko, A., Kostyuk, G., Gurina, O., & Chekhonin, V. (2022). Neurobiological Highlights of Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatric Disorders.  International journal of molecular sciences ,  23 (3), 1217. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031217
• 8  McCollum, L., & Karlawish, J. (2020). Cognitive Impairment Evaluation and Management.  The Medical clinics of North America ,  104 (5), 807–825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2020.06.007
• 9 Wray, L. O., Mavandadi, S., Klaus, J. R., Tew, J. D., Jr, Oslin, D. W., & Sweet, R. A. (2012). The association between mental health and cognitive screening scores in older veterans.  The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry ,  20 (3), 215–227. https://doi.org/10.1097/JGP.0b013e3182410cdb
• 10  Taylor, W. D., & Reynolds, C. F., 3rd (2020). Psychiatry’s Obligation to Treat and Mitigate the Rising Burden of Age-Related Mental Disorders.  JAMA psychiatry ,  77 (1), 5–6. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.2111

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What Are Problem-Solving Skills? (Definition, Examples, And How To List On A Resume)

• What Are Skills Employers Look For?
• What Are Inductive Reasoning?
• What Are Problem Solving Skills?
• What Are Active Listening Skills?
• What Are Management Skills?
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• What Are Domain Knowledge?
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• The Most Important Professional Skills

Find a Job You Really Want In

Summary. Problem-solving skills include analysis, creativity, prioritization, organization, and troubleshooting. To solve a problem, you need to use a variety of skills based on the needs of the situation.

Most jobs essentially boil down to identifying and solving problems consistently and effectively. That’s why employers value problem-solving skills in job candidates for just about every role.

We’ll cover problem-solving methods, ways to improve your problem-solving skills, and examples of showcasing your problem-solving skills during your job search .

Key Takeaways:

If you can show off your problem-solving skills on your resume , in your cover letter , and during a job interview, you’ll be one step closer to landing a job.

Companies rely on employees who can handle unexpected challenges, identify persistent issues, and offer workable solutions in a positive way.

It is important to improve problem solving skill because this is a skill that can be cultivated and nurtured so you can become better at dealing with problems over time.

Types of Problem-Solving Skills

How to improve your problem-solving skills, example answers to problem-solving interview questions, how to show off problem-solving skills on a resume, example resume and cover letter with problem-solving skills, more about problem-solving skills, problem solving skills faqs.

• Sign Up For More Advice and Jobs

Problem-solving skills are skills that help you identify and solve problems effectively and efficiently . Your ability to solve problems is one of the main ways that hiring managers and recruiters assess candidates, as those with excellent problem-solving skills are more likely to autonomously carry out their responsibilities.

A true problem solver can look at a situation, find the cause of the problem (or causes, because there are often many issues at play), and then come up with a reasonable solution that effectively fixes the problem or at least remedies most of it.

The ability to solve problems is considered a soft skill , meaning that it’s more of a personality trait than a skill you’ve learned at school, on the job, or through technical training.

That being said, your proficiency with various hard skills will have a direct bearing on your ability to solve problems. For example, it doesn’t matter if you’re a great problem-solver; if you have no experience with astrophysics, you probably won’t be hired as a space station technician .

Problem-solving is considered a skill on its own, but it’s supported by many other skills that can help you be a better problem solver. These skills fall into a few different categories of problem-solving skills.

Problem recognition and analysis. The first step is to recognize that there is a problem and discover what it is or what the root cause of it is.

You can’t begin to solve a problem unless you’re aware of it. Sometimes you’ll see the problem yourself and other times you’ll be told about the problem. Both methods of discovery are very important, but they can require some different skills. The following can be an important part of the process:

Active listening

Data analysis

Historical analysis

Communication

Create possible solutions. You know what the problem is, and you might even know the why of it, but then what? Your next step is the come up with some solutions.

Most of the time, the first solution you come up with won’t be the right one. Don’t fall victim to knee-jerk reactions; try some of the following methods to give you solution options.

Brainstorming

Forecasting

Decision-making

Topic knowledge/understanding

Process flow

Evaluation of solution options. Now that you have a lot of solution options, it’s time to weed through them and start casting some aside. There might be some ridiculous ones, bad ones, and ones you know could never be implemented. Throw them away and focus on the potentially winning ideas.

This step is probably the one where a true, natural problem solver will shine. They intuitively can put together mental scenarios and try out solutions to see their plusses and minuses. If you’re still working on your skill set — try listing the pros and cons on a sheet of paper.

Prioritizing

Evaluating and weighing

Solution implementation. This is your “take action” step. Once you’ve decided which way to go, it’s time to head down that path and see if you were right. This step takes a lot of people and management skills to make it work for you.

Dependability

Teambuilding

Troubleshooting

Follow-Through

Believability

Trustworthiness

Project management

Evaluation of the solution. Was it a good solution? Did your plan work or did it fail miserably? Sometimes the evaluation step takes a lot of work and review to accurately determine effectiveness. The following skills might be essential for a thorough evaluation.

Customer service

Feedback responses

Flexibility

You now have a ton of skills in front of you. Some of them you have naturally and some — not so much. If you want to solve a problem, and you want to be known for doing that well and consistently, then it’s time to sharpen those skills.

Develop industry knowledge. Whether it’s broad-based industry knowledge, on-the-job training , or very specific knowledge about a small sector — knowing all that you can and feeling very confident in your knowledge goes a long way to learning how to solve problems.

Be a part of a solution. Step up and become involved in the problem-solving process. Don’t lead — but follow. Watch an expert solve the problem and, if you pay attention, you’ll learn how to solve a problem, too. Pay attention to the steps and the skills that a person uses.

Practice solving problems. Do some role-playing with a mentor , a professor , co-workers, other students — just start throwing problems out there and coming up with solutions and then detail how those solutions may play out.

Go a step further, find some real-world problems and create your solutions, then find out what they did to solve the problem in actuality.

Identify your weaknesses. If you could easily point out a few of your weaknesses in the list of skills above, then those are the areas you need to focus on improving. How you do it is incredibly varied, so find a method that works for you.

Solve some problems — for real. If the opportunity arises, step in and use your problem-solving skills. You’ll never really know how good (or bad) you are at it until you fail.

That’s right, failing will teach you so much more than succeeding will. You’ll learn how to go back and readdress the problem, find out where you went wrong, learn more from listening even better. Failure will be your best teacher ; it might not make you feel good, but it’ll make you a better problem-solver in the long run.

Once you’ve impressed a hiring manager with top-notch problem-solving skills on your resume and cover letter , you’ll need to continue selling yourself as a problem-solver in the job interview.

There are three main ways that employers can assess your problem-solving skills during an interview:

By asking questions that relate to your past experiences solving problems

Posing hypothetical problems for you to solve

By administering problem-solving tests and exercises

The third method varies wildly depending on what job you’re applying for, so we won’t attempt to cover all the possible problem-solving tests and exercises that may be a part of your application process.

Luckily, interview questions focused on problem-solving are pretty well-known, and most can be answered using the STAR method . STAR stands for situation, task, action, result, and it’s a great way to organize your answers to behavioral interview questions .

Let’s take a look at how to answer some common interview questions built to assess your problem-solving capabilities:

At my current job as an operations analyst at XYZ Inc., my boss set a quarterly goal to cut contractor spending by 25% while maintaining the same level of production and moving more processes in-house. It turned out that achieving this goal required hiring an additional 6 full-time employees, which got stalled due to the pandemic. I suggested that we widen our net and hire remote employees after our initial applicant pool had no solid candidates. I ran the analysis on overhead costs and found that if even 4 of the 6 employees were remote, we’d save 16% annually compared to the contractors’ rates. In the end, all 6 employees we hired were fully remote, and we cut costs by 26% while production rose by a modest amount.

I try to step back and gather research as my first step. For instance, I had a client who needed a graphic designer to work with Crello, which I had never seen before, let alone used. After getting the project details straight, I began meticulously studying the program the YouTube tutorials, and the quick course Crello provides. I also reached out to coworkers who had worked on projects for this same client in the past. Once I felt comfortable with the software, I started work immediately. It was a slower process because I had to be more methodical in my approach, but by putting in some extra hours, I turned in the project ahead of schedule. The client was thrilled with my work and was shocked to hear me joke afterward that it was my first time using Crello.

As a digital marketer , website traffic and conversion rates are my ultimate metrics. However, I also track less visible metrics that can illuminate the story behind the results. For instance, using Google Analytics, I found that 78% of our referral traffic was coming from one affiliate, but that these referrals were only accounting for 5% of our conversions. Another affiliate, who only accounted for about 10% of our referral traffic, was responsible for upwards of 30% of our conversions. I investigated further and found that the second, more effective affiliate was essentially qualifying our leads for us before sending them our way, which made it easier for us to close. I figured out exactly how they were sending us better customers, and reached out to the first, more prolific but less effective affiliate with my understanding of the results. They were able to change their pages that were referring us traffic, and our conversions from that source tripled in just a month. It showed me the importance of digging below the “big picture” metrics to see the mechanics of how revenue was really being generated through digital marketing.

You can bring up your problem-solving skills in your resume summary statement , in your work experience , and under your education section , if you’re a recent graduate. The key is to include items on your resume that speak direclty to your ability to solve problems and generate results.

If you can, quantify your problem-solving accomplishments on your your resume . Hiring managers and recruiters are always more impressed with results that include numbers because they provide much-needed context.

This sample resume for a Customer Service Representative will give you an idea of how you can work problem solving into your resume.

Michelle Beattle 111 Millennial Parkway Chicago, IL 60007 (555) 987-6543 [email protected] Professional Summary Qualified Customer Services Representative with 3 years in a high-pressure customer service environment. Professional, personable, and a true problem solver. Work History ABC Store — Customer Service Representative 01/2015 — 12/2017 Managed in-person and phone relations with customers coming in to pick up purchases, return purchased products, helped find and order items not on store shelves, and explained details and care of merchandise. Became a key player in the customer service department and was promoted to team lead. XYZ Store — Customer Service Representative/Night Manager 01/2018 — 03/2020, released due to Covid-19 layoffs Worked as the night manager of the customer service department and filled in daytime hours when needed. Streamlined a process of moving customers to the right department through an app to ease the burden on the phone lines and reduce customer wait time by 50%. Was working on additional wait time problems when the Covid-19 pandemic caused our stores to close permanently. Education Chicago Tech 2014-2016 Earned an Associate’s Degree in Principles of Customer Care Skills Strong customer service skills Excellent customer complaint resolution Stock record management Order fulfillment New product information Cash register skills and proficiency Leader in problem solving initiatives

You can see how the resume gives you a chance to point out your problem-solving skills and to show where you used them a few times. Your cover letter is your chance to introduce yourself and list a few things that make you stand out from the crowd.

Michelle Beattle 111 Millennial Parkway Chicago, IL 60007 (555) 987-6543 [email protected] Dear Mary McDonald, I am writing in response to your ad on Zippia for a Customer Service Representative . Thank you for taking the time to consider me for this position. Many people believe that a job in customer service is simply listening to people complain all day. I see the job as much more than that. It’s an opportunity to help people solve problems, make their experience with your company more enjoyable, and turn them into life-long advocates of your brand. Through my years of experience and my educational background at Chicago Tech, where I earned an Associate’s Degree in the Principles of Customer Care, I have learned that the customers are the lifeline of the business and without good customer service representatives, a business will falter. I see it as my mission to make each and every customer I come in contact with a fan. I have more than five years of experience in the Customer Services industry and had advanced my role at my last job to Night Manager. I am eager to again prove myself as a hard worker, a dedicated people person, and a problem solver that can be relied upon. I have built a professional reputation as an employee that respects all other employees and customers, as a manager who gets the job done and finds solutions when necessary, and a worker who dives in to learn all she can about the business. Most of my customers have been very satisfied with my resolution ideas and have returned to do business with us again. I believe my expertise would make me a great match for LMNO Store. I have enclosed my resume for your review, and I would appreciate having the opportunity to meet with you to further discuss my qualifications. Thank you again for your time and consideration. Sincerely, Michelle Beattle

You’ve no doubt noticed that many of the skills listed in the problem-solving process are repeated. This is because having these abilities or talents is so important to the entire course of getting a problem solved.

In fact, they’re worthy of a little more attention. Many of them are similar, so we’ll pull them together and discuss how they’re important and how they work together.

Communication, active listening, and customer service skills. No matter where you are in the process of problem-solving, you need to be able to show that you’re listening and engaged and really hearing what the problem is or what a solution may be.

Obviously, the other part of this is being able to communicate effectively so people understand what you’re saying without confusion. Rolled into this are customer service skills , which really are all about listening and responding appropriately — it’s the ultimate in interpersonal communications.

Analysis (data and historical), research, and topic knowledge/understanding. This is how you intellectually grasp the issue and approach it. This can come from studying the topic and the process or it can come from knowledge you’ve gained after years in the business. But the best solutions come from people who thoroughly understand the problem.

Creativity, brainstorming, troubleshooting, and flexibility. All of you creative thinkers will like this area because it’s when your brain is at its best.

Coming up with ideas, collaborating with others, leaping over hurdles, and then being able to change courses immediately, if need be, are all essential. If you’re not creative by nature, then having a team of diverse thinkers can help you in this area.

Dependability, believability, trustworthiness, and follow-through. Think about it, these are all traits a person needs to have to make change happen and to make you comfortable taking that next step with them. Someone who is shifty and shady and never follows through, well, you’re simply not going to do what they ask, are you?

Leadership, teambuilding, decision-making, and project management. These are the skills that someone who is in charge is brimming with. These are the leaders you enjoy working for because you know they’re doing what they can to keep everything in working order. These skills can be learned but they’re often innate.

Prioritizing, prediction, forecasting, evaluating and weighing, and process flow. If you love flow charts, data analysis, prediction modeling, and all of that part of the equation, then you might have some great problem-solving abilities.

These are all great skills because they can help you weed out bad ideas, see flaws, and save massive amounts of time in trial and error.

What is a good example of problem-solving skills?

Good examples of porblem-solving skills include research, analysis, creativity, communciation, and decision-making. Each of these skills build off one another to contribute to the problem solving process. Research and analysis allow you to identify a problem.

Creativity and analysis help you consider different solutions. Meanwhile, communication and decision-making are key to working with others to solve a problem on a large scale.

What are 3 key attributes of a good problem solver?

3 key attributes of a good problem solver are persistence, intellegince, and empathy. Persistence is crucial to remain motivated to work through challenges. Inellegince is needed to make smart, informed choices. Empathy is crucial to maintain positive relationships with others as well as yourself.

What can I say instead of problem-solving skills?

Instead of saying problem-solving skills, you can say the following:

Critical thinker

Solutions-oriented

Engineering

Using different words is helpful, especially when writing your resume and cover letter.

What is problem-solving in the workplace?

Problem-solving in the workplace is the ability to work through any sort of challenge, conflict, or unexpected situation and still achieve business goals. Though it varies by profession, roblem-solving in the workplace is very important for almost any job, because probelms are inevitable. You need to have the appropriate level of problem-solving skills if you want to succeed in your career, whatever it may be.

Department of Labor – Problem Solving and Critical Thinking

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Kristin Kizer is an award-winning writer, television and documentary producer, and content specialist who has worked on a wide variety of written, broadcast, and electronic publications. A former writer/producer for The Discovery Channel, she is now a freelance writer and delighted to be sharing her talents and time with the wonderful Zippia audience.

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Problem Solving Skills: Best Examples & Advice for 2024

Problem-solving skills are a set of attributes that allow individuals to assess, analyze, and resolve complex situations and challenges that they may encounter in life. It involves the ability to think critically and creatively, identify various options and alternatives, and select the most effective solution to a particular problem.

The constant need for problem-solving skills, both in personal and professional aspects of an individual’s life, highlights the importance of having this skill set. In this article, we will explore the significance of problem-solving skills in personal and professional life and provide some of the best examples and advice to help develop this crucial skill.

Importance of problem-solving skills

Problem-solving skills are essential in daily life, from figuring out how to fix a broken appliance or to resolve a conflict with a friend. The same applies to the professional world, as individuals are continually faced with workplace challenges that require immediate and practical solutions.

Employers prioritize problem-solving skills when hiring new employees. This is because companies need people who can think critically and creatively in high-stress situations, who can identify opportunities, innovate and implement new ideas, and adapt to changes accordingly. An employee with excellent problem-solving skills adds value to an organization since they can resolve conflicts, contribute to decision-making, and develop effective strategies that enhance productivity levels.

Personal life heavily benefits from problem-solving skills, as individuals who can navigate through difficult situations can maintain healthy relationships, relieve stress, and handle their affairs confidently. Learning how to manage difficulties in personal life translates to how an individual can manage their professional life, helping them to thrive in the workplace.

Definition of problem-solving skills

Problem-solving skills involve various attributes, including analytical and critical thinking, decision-making, creativity, and resourcefulness. The ability to think outside the box, coupled with sound judgment, helps individuals weigh various options and identify the most effective solution.

Creativity is also a critical aspect of problem-solving since individuals need to think of alternative solutions to try in challenging situations. Finally, resourcefulness helps individuals overcome unforeseen challenges when there are no obvious solutions.

Types of Problems

Problem-solving is not just about finding a solution. It also involves identifying the type of problem you are facing. By doing so, you can determine the best approach to solve the problem.

Categorization of Problems

Problems can be classified in different ways. Here are some common types of problems:

• Simple problems  are straightforward and have a clear solution. For example, fixing a flat tire on your bike.
• Complicated problems  are more complex and require more effort to solve. These problems typically have multiple steps and may require specialized knowledge. For example, fixing a broken computer.
• Complex problems  are the most challenging type of problem. These problems are often dynamic, with changing variables and uncertain outcomes. They require creative thinking and the ability to adapt to unforeseen circumstances. For example, finding a cure for a new virus.

Different Approaches to Solving Complex Problems

Complex problems require a different approach to solve. Here are some approaches that can be used to tackle complex problems:

• Collaborative problem-solving.  This approach involves bringing together a diverse group of people with different perspectives and expertise to work on the problem. This can generate fresh ideas and solutions that may not have been possible otherwise.
• Systems thinking.  This approach involves looking at the problem as part of a larger system. By understanding the system’s interconnected parts and the relationships between them, you can develop a targeted solution that addresses the root cause of the problem.
• Design thinking.  This approach involves looking at the problem from the user’s perspective. By understanding the user’s needs and experiences, you can develop a solution that meets those needs in a practical way.
• Agile problem-solving.  This approach involves breaking the problem down into smaller, more manageable parts. This allows you to quickly test and refine solutions, adapting to changing circumstances as needed.

Understanding the type of problem you are facing is crucial to developing an effective solution. By using the appropriate approach, you can solve even the most complex problems.

Steps Involved in Problem-Solving Process

To effectively solve a problem, there are certain steps that need to be followed. In this section, we will discuss the steps involved in the problem-solving process.

Identification of Problem

The first step in problem-solving is identifying the problem. This involves recognizing that there is an issue that needs to be addressed. It’s important to clearly define the problem at this stage, as it will inform the subsequent steps in the process.

Analysis of the Problem

Once the problem has been identified, the next step is to analyze it. This means gathering information and data related to the issue. Understanding the underlying causes of the problem and its impact is key to developing effective solutions.

Defining the Problem

Once the problem has been analyzed, it’s time to define it more precisely. This involves looking at the root causes of the problem and identifying the key issues that need to be addressed. This step will help to ensure that the problem is properly understood and that the right solutions are developed.

Developing Alternative Solutions

With a clear understanding of the problem, it’s time to develop alternative solutions. The aim is to generate a range of options that could potentially address the problem. Brainstorming is a great technique for this stage, as it encourages creative thinking and the exploration of new ideas.

Evaluating the Alternative Solutions

Having generated a range of potential solutions, the next step is to evaluate them. This involves assessing how well each option would address the problem and examining any potential drawbacks. It’s important to be objective during this stage, and to consider each solution on its own merits.

Choosing the Best Solution

Once the potential solutions have been evaluated, the next step is to choose the best one. This means selecting the option that is most likely to solve the problem effectively, efficiently and within the given timeframe. It is important to consider both short-term and long-term consequences of the solution.

Implementing the Solution

With the best solution chosen, the next step is to implement it. This means putting the plan into action and making sure that everyone involved is clear on their role and responsibilities. Communication, collaboration and cooperation between team members are crucial to successful implementation.

Follow-up and Monitoring

The final step in the problem-solving process is follow-up and monitoring. This involves checking that the solution is working as intended and making any necessary adjustments. It’s important to track progress and identify any further challenges or problems that arise, so that they can be dealt with promptly.

Effective problem-solving involves a systematic and analytical approach that requires careful consideration of a range of factors. By following these steps, it is possible to identify and implement solutions that address the root causes of problems and create positive outcomes.

Common Mistakes in Solving Problems

In any problem-solving process, there are common mistakes that teams or individuals can make, leading to a failed outcome. Here are some of the most common ones:

Poor Communication

Poor communication can be the root of many problems in a team or project. It can lead to misunderstandings, missed deadlines, wasted resources, and ultimately, project failure. Communication issues can arise from language barriers, misinterpretation of messages, or even lack of motivation.

To avoid poor communication, it is essential to prioritize clear and concise communication channels. Listen intently and provide feedback actively, and be open to constructive criticism. Stay focused on the outcomes, and ensure that all communication aligns with the project’s goals.

Inaccurate or Insufficient Information

A lack of accurate and relevant information can derail a problem-solving process. Teams must be diligent in researching all available data, seeking expert advice, and analyzing data to make informed decisions. Failure to do so can result in missed opportunities, incorrect solutions, and delays in finding the right solution.

To prevent insufficient information, create a plan to gather all the available data, including the potential sources of information. Involve team members who are experts in their fields, and seek guidance from senior stakeholders. Use the gathered data to create an informed decision-making process.

Failure to Involve Key Stakeholders

It is crucial to involve all relevant stakeholders in the problem-solving process. Failure to involve stakeholders can lead to problematic communication, incomplete information, and unaddressed concerns that arise later.

To prevent failure to involve key stakeholders, identify all stakeholders at the beginning of the problem-solving process, including team members, customers, end-users, and senior leaders. Set up regular communication channels with stakeholder groups and ensure that all feedback and concerns are adequately addressed to achieve desired outcomes.

Bias and Groupthink

Biases and groupthink can influence and cloud the objectivity of the problem-solving process. Personal biases, opinions, or beliefs can impede the individual’s ability to reason and make rational decisions. Groupthink is a phenomenon when a group places more priority on agreeing with the majority rather than critically analyzing the problem.

To avoid bias and groupthink, team members should be trained in recognizing personal biases and avoiding preconceived notions that may influence decision-making. Encourage active participation from all members and foster a culture of open criticism and discussion.

Overlooking Underlying Issues

While addressing the immediate problems that arise, it is easy to overlook underlying issues that cause recurring problems. Fixing the symptoms and ignoring the root cause can be a short-sighted approach to problem-solving.

To avoid overlooking underlying issues, analyze the problem thoroughly, identifying previous occurrences, and consider metrics to gauge current problems’ severity. Look beyond the most obvious solutions and evaluate alternative approaches that address the underlying issues. Create a checklist to assess if the possible solutions address the root cause.

Problem-Solving Techniques and Tools

In any workplace, problem-solving can be a challenging task, especially if the issue is not well-defined or if a team is not capable of reaching a consensus. Fortunately, there are numerous problem-solving tools and techniques that can aid in resolving any problem or issue. The following are some of the problem-solving techniques and tools that individuals and teams use to overcome various challenges:

Brainstorming

Brainstorming is a problem-solving technique that facilitates the collective creation of ideas and potential solutions by a group of individuals. This technique enhances creativity and allows individuals to present their thoughts and ideas freely without judgment or criticism. Some brainstorming techniques include structured brainstorming, rapid ideation, and brainwriting. Brainstorming assists in identifying causes and possible solutions to a problem or challenge.

Root Cause Analysis

Root Cause Analysis (RCA) is a problem-solving technique that proactively identifies the root cause(s) rather than just treating the symptoms of the problem. RCA focuses on identifying the most basic reason(s) that leads to a problem, suggesting a solution to the cause(s), and preventing the issue from happening again. RCA is an iterative process that involves systematically defining and analyzing the problem to identify the root cause.

SWOT Analysis

SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) Analysis is used to evaluate an organization’s or individual’s internal and external environment. It considers the strengths and weaknesses of the organization or individual, and the opportunities and threats presented by the external environment. The output of a SWOT analysis fit into two categories – internal (strengths and weaknesses) and external (opportunities and threats). It is usually used in creating strategic planning and decision-making.

Fishbone Diagram

Fishbone diagrams, also known as cause-and-effect diagrams, are problem-solving tools used to identify the causes of a specific problem or issue. It is based on the idea that every effect has a cause, and that most problems have multiple causes. The causes are categorized into different aspects or categories such as people, process, environment, or equipment to identify which causes need to be addressed first.

Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)

FMEA predicts and identifies potential defects or failures before they occur. It provides an essential, structured approach to prioritize possible causes that may cause a defect or failure. FMEA techniques are proactive, assisting the organization or individual to take preventive actions, prioritize potential risks, and mitigate or eliminate the causes of failure.

Pareto Analysis

Pareto Analysis is a statistical problem-solving tool that prioritizes problems or causes based on their severity or impact to the organization or individual. It is also called the 80/20 rule, where 80% of an effect comes from the 20% of the causes. The Pareto chart represents the data, and the focus area of the problem.

Skills Required for Effective Problem Solving

Problem solving is an essential skill that most employers look for in their employees. Effective problem solvers not only overcome challenges, but they also identify new opportunities to keep businesses competitive. Over time, problem solving has been recognized as an incredibly complex activity that requires a diverse range of skills to be effective. This section of the article will focus on six vital key skills for effective problem solving. They are as follows:

Critical Thinking

Critical thinking is a mental process that is aimed at evaluating information systematically to reach a sound, logical conclusion. When it comes to problem-solving, critical thinking enables us to identify, assess, and analyze the situation’s underlying causes to determine the appropriate course of action. Without critical thinking, decisions are made without thorough consideration of the potential outcomes. Therefore, it is imperative to develop critical thinking skills to become a great problem solver.

Analytical Skills

Analytical skills involve the ability to scrutinize data and information, break them down into small parts, find patterns, and draw logical conclusions. Effective problem solvers must be able to use analytical skills to evaluate different solutions and determine which one is the most appropriate. This skill requires attention to detail, patience, and an analytical mindset to examine the different parts of a problem and determine their relevance.

Creativity and Innovation

Being creative and innovative means that you can think outside the box and come up with non-traditional solutions to complex issues. Effective problem solvers know how to be both creative and innovative, which is essential when situations call for out-of-the-box solutions. Without this skill, problem solvers would always rely on the same tried-and-tested solutions that may not be applicable in all situations.

Decision-Making Skills

Effective problem solving comes with decision making skills. This skill refers to the ability to analyze situations, weigh the pros and cons of different alternatives, and choose the best course of action. A good decision-maker can identify risks and consequences before making a final decision. The decision-making process can be complex, and it helps to have a logical and straightforward approach.

Communication and Collaboration Skills

Communication and collaboration skills are vital to effective problem solving. This skill set involves providing feedback, sharing expertise, and building consensus with team members. Good communication skills can help to prevent misunderstandings and mistakes while improving productivity. Collaboration skills enable you to work effectively as a team to solve complex issues and achieve the desired results.

Persistence and Resilience

Effective problem-solving requires persistence and resilience to overcome challenging obstacles. Persistence involves to continue working to solve a problem despite setbacks and failures, while resilience brings the ability to bounce back from a difficult situation. Effective problem solvers understand that successful problem-solving requires overcoming hurdles and setbacks to achieve your desired outcome.

Effective problem solving demands a diverse range of skills that can be developed and refined over time.

Examples of Problem Solving in Different Environments

As problem solving is an essential skill, it is crucial to understand how it applies in different environments. Here are some examples of problem solving in different areas:

Problem Solving in the Workplace

In the workplace, problem solving is essential in various scenarios. It could be a technical issue that needs fixing, disagreements among team members, or a more significant issue such as losing clients. Problem solving in the workplace requires collaboration and communication among team members to find a solution that benefits everyone.

One example of a successful problem-solving process in the workplace could be applying the “5 Whys” technique. After identifying a problem, teams would ask why it happened five times until its root cause is identified. With this process, it would be easier to find the right solution preventing the problem from happening again.

Problem Solving in Education

Problem-solving skills are vital in education, as students and teachers face numerous issues daily. It could be a student struggling with a particular subject or a teacher struggling to make their class engaging. To address this, it is crucial to identify the real issue and find the right approach to solve it.

For instance, if a student is struggling with a particular subject, a teacher could assess the student’s learning style and adjust their teaching method accordingly. By doing so, the teacher could help the student improve their understanding of the subject, which could result in better grades.

Problem Solving in Personal Life

We all face issues in our personal life, and problem-solving skills could help us overcome them. For instance, if you have trouble managing your finances, you could identify the issue by listing all your expenses and income sources. After identifying where the issue lies, you could create a budget to manage your finances better.

Another example could be when you have trouble sleeping. You could find the cause of your sleep disturbances and find an appropriate solution. It could be turning off electronic devices an hour before bedtime or changing your bedroom’s temperature to improve your sleep.

Problem Solving in Leadership

As a leader, problem-solving skills are crucial to ensure the success of the team or organization. Leaders face various issues such as employee engagement, low productivity, and conflicts among team members. Effective leaders use problem-solving skills to find the root cause of the problem and develop a plan to address it.

One example of an effective problem-solving process for leaders could be using the “SWOT Analysis” technique. By identifying the organization’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, leaders could develop a strategic plan to improve the organization’s overall performance.

Problem-solving skills are a valuable asset in various aspects of life. By understanding how to apply problem-solving skills in different environments, it would be easier to find the right solution that benefits everyone involved.

Ways to Enhance Problem-Solving Skills

As a professional, problem-solving skills are essential for success. As such, it is important for individuals to continually improve these skills. There are several ways to enhance problem-solving skills, and some of the best examples and advice are discussed below.

Practice Effective Communication

Effective communication is essential in problem-solving. Clear communication allows individuals to understand the problems at hand, brainstorm solutions, and communicate potential solutions to colleagues, stakeholders, and clients. Communication skills can be improved through practice, engaging in active listening, and avoiding misunderstandings.

Prepare a Plan and Prioritize Tasks

Preparing a plan and prioritizing tasks enables individuals to systematically tackle and solve problems. Planning involves breaking a problem down into smaller, more manageable parts and identifying the steps necessary to solve each part. Additionally, prioritizing tasks helps individuals determine which problems require immediate attention and which can wait.

Think Outside the Box

Thinking outside the box allows individuals to come up with creative solutions to complex problems. Ideas that are considered outside the norm may lead to innovative solutions that have not been considered by others. To think outside the box, individuals should challenge assumptions, examine the problem from different perspectives, and brainstorm unconventional solutions.

Seek Out Feedback and Learn from Failure

Seeking feedback from colleagues, stakeholders, and clients can provide individuals with new insights and perspectives on a problem. Additionally, seeking feedback can help individuals identify areas of improvement and potential solutions to problems. Failure is also an opportunity for growth and learning. Individuals should analyze failures to understand what went wrong and how to avoid similar problems in the future.

Continually Learn and Expand Knowledge

Continuing to learn and expand knowledge is essential for problem-solving. Individuals should stay up-to-date with the latest industry news, take courses or attend workshops, and read books on the subject of problem-solving. This continuous learning process can help individuals identify new solutions and approaches to problems.

Problem-solving skills are essential for success in any profession. By practicing effective communication, preparing plans and prioritizing tasks, thinking outside the box, seeking out feedback, and continually learning and expanding knowledge, individuals can enhance their problem-solving skills and become more effective professionals.

Overcoming Obstacles to Effective Problem Solving

When it comes to problem solving, it’s not always smooth sailing. Obstacles and roadblocks can arise when trying to tackle a particular issue, and these obstacles can make it challenging to reach a successful resolution. In this section, we will discuss some common obstacles to effective problem solving and some strategies to overcome them.

Resistance to Change

One of the most significant barriers to effective problem solving is resistance to change. Some people are naturally resistant to change, and it takes a lot of persuasion to get them to embrace a new solution. If you encounter resistance to change when working on a problem, it’s essential to help stakeholders see the value of the proposed solution.

One strategy to address resistance to change is to involve those who are resistant in the decision-making process. By including them in the process, they may feel more ownership over the problem and be more open to the changes proposed. Another approach is to provide clear communication on the reasons for the change and the benefits it will bring. By demonstrating that the change is necessary for future success, you can help eliminate resistance.

Fear of Failure

Another obstacle to effective problem solving is a fear of failure. When people are afraid of failure, they may avoid taking risks or trying new ideas, which can prevent progress. To overcome fear of failure, it’s crucial to create a safe and supportive environment for experimentation and risk-taking.

One approach is to encourage people to see failure as an opportunity to learn and grow. By reframing failure as a necessary step towards success, you can help people embrace it as an inevitability in problem-solving. Another strategy is to break problems down into smaller, more manageable pieces. By tackling smaller components of the problem, you can build momentum towards a successful outcome that alleviates fears and shows progress.

Lack of Resources

A lack of resources can also hinder effective problem solving. Limited time, budget, or personnel can create significant barriers when trying to solve a problem. To overcome these obstacles, it’s essential to identify alternative resources that can be utilized.

One strategy is to consider all available resources, even those that may not seem immediately relevant. Brainstorming sessions can be helpful in identifying potential resources previously overlooked. Another approach is to consider collaborating with external partners or stakeholders to leverage additional resources. This can expand the available resources and provide a new perspective on problem-solving.

Unclear Goals and Objectives

Finally, unclear goals and objectives can hinder effective problem solving. When people don’t understand what they’re working towards or what success looks like, it can lead to inefficiency and frustration. To address this obstacle, it’s important to establish clear goals and objectives upfront.

One approach is to involve stakeholders in the goal-setting process. By soliciting input and buy-in upfront, you can ensure that everyone understands the desired outcomes and their individual roles in achieving them. Another strategy is to break down larger goals into smaller, more immediate targets.

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3 Reasons Why You Are Failing at Problem Solving We often believe that we understand the way the world works far better than we actually do. Here are three causes of our knowledge gaps and how to fix them.

By Art Markman Sep 4, 2013

Opinions expressed by Entrepreneur contributors are their own.

The line between success and failure is often thin. An important thing you can do to put yourself on the right side of that line is to maximize the quality of your knowledge, and use strong methods to solve problems .

Early Artificial Intelligence (AI) researchers realized that the difficulty with their computer programs was that they had no real expertise in the areas in which they were solving problems, and so they had to rely on very general strategies, or weak methods of problem solving.

In contrast, strong methods for problem solving require specific knowledge about a subject. Essentially, the more you know, the better you are at solving problems.

The most important kind of knowledge that you can use to solve problems is what psychologists call causal knowledge. Causal knowledge is what you need to answer the question "why?" It is the basis of people's expertise. For example, you pay a mechanic to fix your car, because mechanics understand how cars work.

Unfortunately, even though causal knowledge is crucial for solving new problems, the quality of your knowledge may not be as good as you think it is. People suffer from a persistent illusion of explanatory depth. That is, we believe that we understand the way the world works far better than we actually do.

Related: How to Improve Your Critical Thinking Skills and Make Better Business Decisions

There are several reasons why our causal knowledge is poor. 1. Opting for the "high-level view." We often try to get the "high-level view" of how things work rather than really trying to understand the details. Unfortunately, these details often turn out to be important. Just ask the people who signed off on (and purchased) complex mortgage-backed financial instruments without understanding how they worked.

2. Using meaningless jargon. We often have words whose meanings we don't understand that paper over gaps in our knowledge. I once attended a corporate meeting as a consultant at which an executive encouraged his team to streamline their business practices. Everyone nodded in agreement, but later that day it became clear that nobody was sure what it meant to streamline the business. The word created an illusion of comprehension in the group.

3. Only thinking of the first-level explanation. Our explanations are nested like Russian dolls. If you have ever spent time with a five-year-old, you have experienced this nesting. The child asks you why something works. You answer, and they ask why again…and again…We believe our causal knowledge is better than it is, because we only think about that first-level explanation, and fail to keep asking ourselves why when checking to see if we understand something. A lot of people in the financial industry could give the basic description of the way the structured financial instruments worked, but they could not explain their details.

Ultimately, if you want to cure this illusion of explanatory depth, you need to take a lesson from education. Any teacher knows that the surest way to guarantee that you understand something is to teach it to someone else. The process of trying to teach something reveals all of the gaps and limitations in your knowledge.

Rather than waiting for the opportunity to teach it to someone else, though, you have to learn to teach it to yourself. That means that whenever you encounter new information, it is not enough to get the executive summary. You need to make yourself responsible for the details, because those details will become important later when you need to use that knowledge to do something.

Related: How to Cut Through the Clutter and Make the Best Decisions

Art Markman, PhD is a professor of Psychology and Marketing at the University of Texas at Austin and Founding Director of the Program in the Human Dimensions of Organizations, which brings the humanities, social and behavioral sciences to people in business. He has written over 150 scholarly papers on human reasoning, decision making, and motivation. He is author of Smart Thinking and Habits of Leadership . His next book, Smart Change comes out in January, 2014.

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7 Problem Solving Skills That Aren’t Just Buzzwords (+ Resume Example)

• Julia Mlcuchova , 
• Updated April 8, 2024 9 min read

Problem-solving skills are something everybody should include on their resume, yet only a few seem to understand what these skills actually are. If you've always felt that the term "problem-solving skills" is rather vague and wanted to know more, you've come to the right place.

In this article, we're going to explain what problem-solving skills really mean. We'll talk about what makes up good problem-solving skills and give you tips on how to get better at them. You'll also find out how to make your problem-solving abilities look more impressive to those who might want to hire you.

Sounds good, right? Curious to learn more? 

In this article we’ll show you:

• What are problem solving skills;
• Why are they important; 
• Specific problem solving skills examples;
• How to develop your problem solving skills;
• And, how to showcase them on your resume.

Table of Contents

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What are problem solving skills?

Why are problem solving skills important, the best 7 problem solving skills examples, how to develop problem solving skills, problem solving skills resume example, key takeaways: problem solving skills.

First of all, they're more than just a buzzword!

Problem-solving skills are a set of specific abilities that allow you to deal with unexpected situations in the workplace, whether it be job related or team related. 

It's a complex process that involves several “sub skills” or “sub steps,” namely:

• Recognizing and identifying the issue at hand.
• Breaking the problem down into smaller parts and analyzing how they relate to one another. 
• Creating potential solutions to the problem, evaluating them and picking the best one.  
• Applying the chosen solution and assessing its outcome. 
• Learning from the whole process to deal with future problems more effectively. 

As you can see, it's not just about solving problems that are right in front of us, but also about predicting potential issues and being prepared to deal with them before they arise.  

Despite what you may believe, problem-solving skills aren't just for managers . 

Think about it this way: Why do employers hire employees in the first place? To solve problems for them!

And, as we all know, problems don't discriminate. In other words, it doesn't matter whether you're just an intern, an entry-level professional, or a seasoned veteran, you'll constantly face some kind of challenges. And the only difference is in how complex they will get.

This is also reflected in the way employers assess suitability of potential job candidates. 

In fact, research shows that the ability to deal with unexpected complications is prioritized by an overwhelming 60% of employers across all industries, making it one of the most compelling skills on your resume.

So, regardless of your job description or your career level, you're always expected to find solutions for problems, either independently or as a part of a team. 

And that's precisely what makes problem-solving skills so invaluable and universal ! 

Wondering how good is your resume?

Find out with our AI Resume Checker! Just upload your resume and see what can be improved.

As we've said before, problem-solving isn't really just one single skill. 

Instead, your ability to handle workplace issues with composure depends on several different “sub-skills”. 

So, which specific skills make an employee desirable even for the most demanding of recruiters? 

In no particular order, you should focus on these 7 skills : 

• Analytical skills
• Research skills
• Critical thinking 
• Decision-making
• Collaboration
• Having a growth mindset

Let's have a look at each of them in greater detail!

#1 Analytical skills

Firstly, to truly understand complex problems, you need to break them down into more manageable parts . Then, you observe them closely and ask yourself: “ Which parts work and which don't,” How do these parts contribute to the problem as a whole,” and "What exactly needs to be fixed?” In other words, you gather data , you study it, and compare it - all to pinpoint the cause of the issue as closely as possible.

#2 Research skills

Another priceless tool is your research skills (sometimes relying on just one source of information isn't enough). Besides, to make a truly informed decision , you'll have to dig a little deeper. Being a good researcher means looking for potential solutions to a problem in a wider context. For example: going through team reports, customer feedback, quarterly sales or current market trends.  

#3 Critical thinking

Every employer wants to hire people who can think critically. Yet, the ability to evaluate situations objectively and from different perspectives , is actually pretty hard to come by. But as long as you stay open-minded, inquisitive, and with a healthy dose of skepticism, you'll be able to assess situations based on facts and evidence more successfully. Plus, critical thinking comes in especially handy when you need to examine your own actions and processes. 

 #4 Creativity

Instead of following the old established processes that don't work anymore, you should feel comfortable thinking outside the box. The thing is, problems have a nasty habit of popping up unexpectedly and rapidly. And sometimes, you have to get creative in order to solve them fast. Especially those that have no precedence. But this requires a blend of intuition, industry knowledge, and quick thinking - a truly rare combination. 

#5 Decision-making

The analysis, research, and brainstorming are done. Now, you need to look at the possible solutions, and make the final decision (informed, of course). And not only that, you also have to stand by it ! Because once the train gets moving, there's no room for second guessing. Also, keep in mind that you need to be prepared to take responsibility for all decisions you make. That's no small feat! 

#6 Collaboration

Not every problem you encounter can be solved by yourself alone. And this is especially true when it comes to complex projects. So, being able to actively listen to your colleagues, take their ideas into account, and being respectful of their opinions enables you to solve problems together. Because every individual can offer a unique perspective and skill set. Yes, democracy is hard, but at the end of the day, it's teamwork that makes the corporate world go round. 

#7 Having a growth mindset

Let's be honest, no one wants their work to be riddled with problems. But facing constant challenges and changes is inevitable. And that can be scary! However, when you're able to see these situations as opportunities to grow instead of issues that hold you back, your problem solving skills reach new heights. And the employers know that too!

Now that we've shown you the value problem-solving skills can add to your resume, let's ask the all-important question: “How can I learn them?”

Well…you can't. At least not in the traditional sense of the word. 

Let us explain: Since problem-solving skills fall under the umbrella of soft skills , they can't be taught through formal education, unlike computer skills for example. There's no university course that you can take and graduate as a professional problem solver. 

But, just like other interpersonal skills, they can be nurtured and refined over time through practice and experience. 

Unfortunately, there's no one-size-fits-all approach, but the following tips can offer you inspiration on how to improve your problem solving skills:

• Cultivate a growth mindset. Remember what we've said before? Your attitude towards obstacles is the first step to unlocking your problem-solving potential. 
• Gain further knowledge in your specialized field. Secondly, it's a good idea to delve a little deeper into your chosen profession. Because the more you read on a subject, the easier it becomes to spot certain patterns and relations.  
• Start with small steps. Don't attack the big questions straight away — you'll only set yourself up for failure. Instead, start with more straightforward tasks and work your way up to more complex problems. 
• Break problems down into more digestible pieces. Complex issues are made up of smaller problems. And those can be further divided into even smaller problems, and so on. Until you're left with only the basics. 
• Don't settle for a single solution. Instead, keep on exploring other possible answers.
• Accept failure as a part of the learning process. Finally, don't let your failures discourage you. After all, you're bound to misstep a couple of times before you find your footing. Just keep on practicing. 

How to improve problem solving skills with online courses

While it’s true that formal education won’t turn you into a master problem solver, you can still hone your skills with courses and certifications offered by online learning platforms :

• Analytical skills. You can sharpen your analytical skills with Data Analytics Basics for Everyone from IBM provided by edX (Free); or Decision Making and Analytical Thinking: Fortune 500 provided by Udemy (＄21,74).
• Creativity. And, to unlock your inner creative mind, you can try Creative Thinking: Techniques and Tools for Success from the Imperial College London provided by Coursera (Free).
• Critical thinking. Try Introduction to Logic and Critical Thinking Specialization from Duke University provided by Coursera (Free); or Logical and Critical Thinking offered by The University of Auckland via FutureLearn.  
• Decision-making. Or, you can learn how to become more confident when it's time to make a decision with Decision-Making Strategies and Executive Decision-Making both offered by LinkedIn Learning (1 month free trial).
• Communication skills . Lastly, to improve your collaborative skills, check out Communicating for Influence and Impact online at University of Cambridge. 

The fact that everybody and their grandmothers put “ problem-solving skills ” on their CVs has turned the phrase into a cliche. 

But there's a way to incorporate these skills into your resume without sounding pretentious and empty. Below, we've prepared a mock-up resume that manages to do just that.

FYI, if you like this design, you can use the template to create your very own resume. Just click the red button and fill in your information (or let the AI do it for you).

Problem solving skills on resume example

This resume was written by our experienced resume writers specifically for this profession.

Why this example works?

• Firstly, the job description itself is neatly organized into bullet points .  
• Instead of simply listing soft skills in a skills section , you can incorporate them into the description of your work experience entry.  
• Also, the language here isn't vague . This resume puts each problem-solving skill into a real-life context by detailing specific situations and obstacles. 
• And, to highlight the impact of each skill on your previous job position, we recommend quantifying your results whenever possible. 
• Finally, starting each bullet point with an action verb (in bold) makes you look more dynamic and proactive.

To sum it all up, problem-solving skills continue gaining popularity among employers and employees alike. And for a good reason!

Because of them, you can overcome any obstacles that stand in the way of your professional life more efficiently and systematically. 

In essence, problem-solving skills refer to the ability to recognize a challenge, identify its root cause, think of possible solutions , and then implement the most effective one. 

Believing that these skills are all the same would be a serious misconception. In reality, this term encompasses a variety of different abilities , including:

In short, understanding, developing, and showcasing these skills, can greatly boost your chances at getting noticed by the hiring managers. So, don't hesitate and start working on your problem-solving skills right now!

Julia has recently joined Kickresume as a career writer. From helping people with their English to get admitted to the uni of their dreams to advising them on how to succeed in the job market. It would seem that her career is on a steadfast trajectory. Julia holds a degree in Anglophone studies from Metropolitan University in Prague, where she also resides. Apart from creative writing and languages, she takes a keen interest in literature and theatre.

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• Published on December 27, 2017
• December 27, 2017

Problem-Solving Skills: 5 Habits You Should Ditch Right Now

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Problem-solving skills  are a constant source of strife for busy working people. Problems can snowball, stress can hinder your productivity, and it doesn’t help when the boss is watching.

Here are some bad habits you can get rid of for better problem-solving and a more effective workday. With proper implementation, you can transform these bad habits into good habits and greatly increase your problem-solving skills.

1. Procrastinating

Procrastinating is the  opposite  of problem-solving.

When a decision is looming and a job or reputation is on the line, there are several common ways people react:

• Putting it off until the last minute, then throwing themselves into it;
• Looking for loopholes or excuses;
• Failing, and spending remaining effort looking for an excuse or source of blame.

Why do we do this to ourselves?

These options certainly don’t look appealing, yet they end up being a reality. If you constantly find these to be your frequent actions, you may be averse to conflict. If anything, conflict aversion is rarely about the problem so much as it is about our mindset.

An effective problem-solving mindset involves embracing a healthy amount of conflict on a regular basis and looking for opportunities hidden within that problem. Easier said than done, right?

Not quite! If you start the process by listing your options (even unfavorable ones you might have discounted from the beginning) and write down the pros and cons of each, it will clear the mental haze. You will also get rid of factors that are fear-based, not reason-based.

2. Doing It Alone

Another great way to rid of fear-based reasoning is by sharing the load! Problem-solving skills are something you need to hone on your own, of course, but there’s no need to try and fix everything yourself. A diverse group of people creates checks and balances, challenging your problem-solving fears.

Team problem solving may seem like it brings more conflict, but it doesn’t! It’s an evolved trait that humans (and other animals) have used over the centuries to thrive in changing, fast-paced environments. Odds are, your environment is that way, too!

Keep in mind that, while your boss or superior may appreciate your independent work, sometimes that can limit the mind and opportunities for inspiration. It can be more efficient to create a team-building effort and play off each other’s strengths than to do something alone and let your project suffer.

Experience comes with practice, both alone and in groups. The independent part can still be present in either situation: it’s a matter of learning when you need help and creating good habits around asking for it when you do.

Don’t forget to let your workplace work for you, not the other way around. Check out mind tools for more ways to further your team-oriented problem-solving!

3. Worrying or Stressing

Do you worry about a task or project more than actually working on it? Have you addressed the first red flag making you stressed?

Examine your problem-solving abilties to see how much of a role stress plays

Does stress prevent you from seeing obvious solutions? Do trial and error continually fail you?  Edward O’Neill  offers several problems that test our framework for solving problems.

Stress isn’t all bad, don’t get us wrong. There’s a time and place for stress that’s different for everyone. There is such a thing as good anxiety, which is just a “power mode” of sorts. Your brain anticipates possible problems and goes into high gear to help you solve problems and adapt to changes along the way.

Eliminate the symptoms of stress

This can help clear your mind a bit, especially if you’re not in full control of the problem you’re trying to solve.

You can try taking short breaks outside to relieve stress, aiming for as natural a setting as possible. Drink plenty of water, eat as healthy as you can, experiment with stress-relief foods (chocolate is a great go-to for stress relief) . Listen to a song that takes you to your happy place. Look at art that inspires or moves you. Make good habits out of this type of self-care. This is undeniably one of the best problem-solving strategies out there.

Take action against stress

When the symptoms of stress can’t be put off, it’s time to work through the stress before it causes more problems than it helps to solve. If we don’t listen to a stressful thought and address it the first time, it will usually pop back up (more worrisome than ever) later.

This can drastically reduce your productivity and especially your momentum, which is a super effective problem-solving strategy.

Huffington Post  talks about the concept of worrying well, which channels healthy amounts of stress to eliminate bad stress (that shows up later as weight or sleep problems, and more). This keeps your mind moving forward, instead of getting stuck on one particular stressor.

Start one step ahead of stress

Give yourself time in the morning to start the day off right . You were designed to take action when attacked with worry or problems.

Solve a few small problems (working out, doing a mini Sudoku puzzle, organizing papers or lists) before you head to work. This way, those problems won’t negatively affect bigger problems, and you won’t start the problem-solving process feeling so overwhelmed.

Bookend your day with self-actualized positivity; this can be as easy as writing down something great about yourself that a bad day can’t take away from you, perhaps once when you wake up and once before you get into bed.

This exercise will help you over time, not just each individual day!

4. Only Thinking With Your Head

Thinking with our hands comes naturally in some situations, but rarely problem-solving or decision making; still, communication, decision-making, and problem-solving (literally) go hand-in-hand!

Picture having a conversation with someone or giving a presentation: there is movement, gesturing, hands-on demonstrations, etc. This moves the thinking process along and helps actualize our ideas. Surprisingly, thinking alone is not one of the best problem-solving strategies.

Even if you think you’re all intellectual with clumsy hands, that doesn’t matter! You can still physically interact with your environment to further productive problem solving, regardless of your fine motor skills.

If moving makes you uncomfortable, put pen to paper and write down or map out your problem. This alone will change your mode of thinking and focus you on the possible solutions.

5. Skimping On Sleep

Busy people can try to go to bed early and get good sleep, but learning how your body relaxes is most important.

Research shows that the more REM sleep you get, the better you will be at creative and effective problem-solving. Even mid-day naps help with problem-solving skills and mental clarity, which is why so many companies are including opportunities for R&R in the workplace.

For creative problems that you’ve already been working on — the passage of time is enough to find solutions; however, for new problems, only REM sleep enhances creativity. – Sara Mednick, Ph.D., University of California San Diego

This means you need to make your bedtime or nap time as relaxing as possible (studies show that imitating sounds and feelings related to the nature of the womb are the best ways to kick your relaxing instincts into high gear).

Also, this Dormio app works wonders in helping you to fall asleep quickly and soundly .

Feel free to use a smart app to track your REM sleep and test different sleep aids, such as white noise or looped instrumentals. Whatever you choose, we hope it refreshes your mind and problem-solving strategies.

FAQ about problem-solving skills

Problem-solving is a complex skill. It involves  critical thinking, decision-making, creativity, and information processing . Effective problem-solvers use a systematic approach that allows them to break down difficult problems into smaller, more manageable parts

For example, in customer service you might find a scenario like, “ How would you handle an angry customer?” or “How do you respond when a customer asks for a refund?”  Practicing how you might handle these or other scenarios common in your industry can help you call upon solutions quickly when they arise on the job

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16 Solid Signs Of Low Intelligence: How To Know a Person with Low Intelligence

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Ever wondered if someone’s elevator doesn’t quite reach the top floor? Well, get ready to decode the quirky, eyebrow-raising, and often hilarious signs of low intelligence!

Why Keep Reading: In this article, we’re spilling the beans on 16 solid signs that might just make you giggle, nod in agreement, or cringe in recognition. From the classics to the surprising, we’ll explore:

• The Duct-Tape IQ Fixer
• The Master of Oops
• The Overly Literal Linguist
• The Conspiracy Theorist
• The Unwavering Know-It-All
• The Missed Sarcasm Detector

Buckle up, because this lighthearted journey through the world of “Signs Of Low Intelligence” is going to be an eye-opener and a good laugh rolled into one!

Understanding Intelligence

Intelligence is a complex cognitive ability that encompasses various mental processes such as learning, problem-solving, memory recall, critical thinking, and language skills. It is a measure of a person’s capacity to comprehend information, reason, and adapt to new situations.

While intelligence is a multifaceted concept, individuals with low intelligence may exhibit certain signs and characteristics. Identifying these signs can help individuals and those around them understand their cognitive strengths and areas of improvement. Here are some common signs of low intelligence:

1. Slow Learning and Difficulty in Problem Solving: People with low intelligence may take longer to grasp new concepts and find it challenging to solve problems efficiently.

2. Lack of Curiosity and Inquisitiveness: A lack of eagerness to learn or explore new ideas can be an indication of lower intelligence levels.

3. Poor Decision-making Skills: Individuals with low intelligence may struggle to make sound decisions, often lacking the ability to analyze the consequences or alternatives effectively.

4. Limited Vocabulary and Language Skills: Difficulty in expressing thoughts and limited verbal fluency can be a sign of lower intelligence.

5. Lack of Critical Thinking: People with low intelligence may struggle with analyzing information critically and making logical connections.

6. Difficulty in Understanding and Applying Abstract Concepts: Individuals with lower intelligence levels may have trouble comprehending and applying abstract or complex ideas.

7. Impaired Memory and Forgetfulness: Poor memory retention and forgetfulness can be indicative of lower intelligence.

8. Difficulty in Understanding Social Cues: Those with low intelligence may struggle with understanding social cues, gestures, and nonverbal communication.

9. Inability to Connect Cause and Effect: Difficulty in recognizing cause-and-effect relationships can be a sign of lower intelligence.

10. Poor Time Management and Organization Skills: Individuals with low intelligence may struggle with managing time and organizing tasks effectively.

Factors Affecting Intelligence.

Intelligence is influenced by various factors, including genetics, environment, nutrition, and education. Genetic factors play a role in determining the baseline intelligence level, while environmental factors such as upbringing, access to education, and learning opportunities can impact cognitive development.

Nutrition and overall health also play a significant role in cognitive function. Understanding these factors can provide insights into the development and potential improvement of intelligence.

Improving Intelligence.

While intelligence is influenced by multiple factors, there are steps individuals can take to enhance their cognitive abilities. Intellectual stimulation and engaging in lifelong learning can help keep the mind active and continuously improve cognitive function.

Maintaining a balanced diet and adopting a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and adequate sleep, can contribute to optimal brain function. Developing cognitive skills and strategies can enhance problem-solving abilities and critical thinking. improving social and emotional intelligence can enhance overall cognitive performance.

Seeking professional help and support, such as educational resources or therapy, can also aid in improving intelligence levels.

Recognizing the signs of low intelligence and understanding the factors that influence it can provide guidance for personal growth and development. By taking proactive steps to enhance cognitive abilities, individuals can maximize their intellectual potential and lead fulfilling lives.

1. Slow learning and difficulty in problem-solving are signs of low intelligence.

2. Lack of curiosity and inquisitiveness can indicate low intelligence.

3. Poor decision-making skills are indicative of low intelligence.

16 Solid Signs Of Low Intelligence

Here are 16 solid signs of low intelligence:

• Frequent Spelling Errors: Consistently misspelling common words.
• Inability to Grasp Sarcasm: Taking everything literally, missing the humor.
• Poor Time Management: Difficulty in planning and staying organized.
• Lack of Curiosity: Showing no interest in learning new things.
• Stubbornness: Refusing to consider alternative viewpoints.
• Overlooking Details: Missing obvious details in tasks or conversations.
• Constant Interruptions: Unable to let others speak without interruption.
• Easily Fooled: Falling for scams or believing in conspiracy theories.
• Lack of Empathy: Struggling to understand and relate to others’ emotions.
• Repetitive Questions: Frequently asking the same questions.
• Ignoring Feedback: Disregarding constructive criticism.
• Difficulty Problem Solving: Struggling to find solutions to simple issues.
• Inaccurate Generalizations: Making broad, unfounded statements.
• Memory Lapses: Forgetting things frequently, even recent events.
• Ignoring Consequences: Repeating harmful behaviors without learning.
• Resisting Change: Refusing to adapt to new situations or technologies.

Remember, intelligence is multifaceted, and these signs don’t capture the full picture of a person’s abilities.

Understanding intelligence is a multifaceted concept that can be developed, assessed, and influenced by various factors. It involves acquiring, processing, and applying knowledge and skills. Here are some key points to consider when understanding intelligence:

– Intelligence is not fixed: It can be developed and improved through learning and experience. Each individual has the potential to enhance their intelligence over time.

– Multiple forms of intelligence: There are various types of intelligence, including logical-mathematical, linguistic, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic intelligence. These different forms contribute to an individual’s overall cognitive abilities.

– Intelligence is a combination of genetics and environment: Genetics and environmental factors such as education, nutrition, and experiences both play a role in shaping intelligence.

– Intelligence can be assessed: Psychologists have developed standardized tests, like intelligence quotient (IQ) tests, to measure and evaluate intelligence. These tests assess cognitive abilities like reasoning, problem-solving, memory, and verbal skills. IQ tests may not capture the full range of human intelligence.

– Intelligence is not synonymous with academic achievement: Intelligence extends beyond academic success. It includes creative thinking, practical skills, emotional intelligence, and social competence.

– Intelligence is influenced by cultural context: Sociocultural factors shape intelligence. Different cultures prioritize particular types of intelligence, which affects how it is defined and assessed.

– Intelligence can be cultivated and nurtured: It is not solely determined by innate abilities. Education, challenging activities, effective learning strategies , and a growth mindset can enhance intelligence.

By understanding intelligence as a multifaceted concept that can be developed, assessed, and influenced by various factors, we can appreciate the complexity of human cognition and the potential for growth and improvement.

Signs of Low Intelligence

Signs of low intelligence can manifest themselves in various ways, impacting an individual’s learning, problem-solving abilities, decision-making skills, and even social interactions.

In this section, we will examine these signs and delve into sub-sections such as slow learning , poor memory , limited vocabulary, and impaired critical thinking .

By understanding these indicators, we can gain insights into the cognitive challenges that individuals with low intelligence may face. Let’s explore the fascinating intricacies of this topic and shed light on the implications it holds.

Slow Learning and Difficulty in Problem Solving

Slow learning and difficulty in problem solving are signs of low intelligence . Individuals experiencing these challenges may have limited ability to reflect on new information and struggle with processing and analyzing complex tasks, resulting in poor problem-solving skills and difficulty grasping critical thinking concepts.

A lack of cognitive flexibility can contribute to slow learning and difficulty in problem solving. People with low intelligence may struggle to adapt their thinking and approach problems from different perspectives, hindering their ability to find creative solutions and think beyond short-term outcomes.

Poor working memory , common in individuals with low intelligence, affects their ability to hold and manipulate information in their mind, making it challenging to follow complex instructions or retain important details necessary for problem-solving.

Language abilities also play a significant role in problem-solving skills. People with low intelligence may struggle with language comprehension and expression, impeding their ability to understand and effectively communicate solutions.

Individuals with low intelligence tend to have poor decision-making skills . They may struggle to consider the consequences of their actions or evaluate alternatives, leading to inefficient problem solving.

This can result from difficulties in critical thinking , such as analyzing information, evaluating options, and making rational choices based on available evidence.

Social skills also impact problem solving. People with low intelligence may have limited interpersonal skills, making it challenging to collaborate or seek assistance when faced with complex problems. Difficulty understanding social cues and forming productive relationships can limit their access to support and resources.

It’s important to note that these challenges do not indicate intellectual disabilities or mental retardation. Individuals with slow learning and difficulty in problem solving can still have fulfilling lives and contribute meaningfully to society. They may benefit from strategies and support systems that cater to their specific needs, such as structured learning environments, practical problem-solving exercises, and cultivating emotional intelligence.

Lack of Curiosity and Inquisitiveness

Lack of curiosity and inquisitiveness can indicate low intelligence . When individuals lack curiosity and inquisitiveness, they struggle to seek out new information and explore the world. This limits their understanding of the world and hinders personal growth.

Individuals with low intelligence often exhibit poor interpersonal skills and struggle with common sense reasoning. They have difficulty understanding complex concepts and fail to ask questions to deepen their understanding.

This lack of curiosity and inquisitiveness also shows in poor communication skills and an inability to engage in meaningful conversations.

One possible cause of this lack of curiosity and inquisitiveness could be brain injury or a developmental disorder . In such cases, individuals may have difficulties processing information and taking care of themselves. They may also struggle with social interactions and understanding other perspectives.

The rise of social media and digital technology may contribute to a decrease in curiosity and inquisitiveness. The constant availability of information may lead individuals to rely on quick answers rather than engaging in deeper exploration and critical thinking.

To address this lack of curiosity and inquisitiveness, it is important to encourage individuals to develop their intellectual abilities.

This can be done through exposure to new experiences, activities that promote critical thinking and problem-solving skills, and fostering a supportive learning environment. Developing good communication skills and emotional intelligence can also contribute to a more curious and inquisitive mindset.

Making decisions seems to be as challenging for them as picking a favorite flavor of ice cream, and we all know how impossible that can be.

Poor Decision-making Skills

Low intelligence can often be indicated by poor decision-making skills. People with inadequate decision-making skills struggle to make logical, rational choices that benefit themselves and others.

Signs of poor decision-making skills include:

• Impulsivity: Individuals act impulsively without considering consequences. They make rash decisions without thinking through the potential outcomes.
• Lack of critical thinking: Critical thinking is crucial for informed decisions. People with subpar decision-making skills struggle to analyze and evaluate information critically, leading to hasty or uninformed choices.
• Short-term thinking: Those with deficient decision-making skills prioritize immediate gratification over long-term benefits. They overlook potential consequences in the future.
• Resistance to change: People with inadequate decision-making skills struggle to adapt to new situations or consider alternative perspectives. They are resistant to change and prefer familiar routines, even if it is not in their best interest.
• Cognitive inflexibility: Poor decision-makers find it challenging to consider different options and perspectives. They have difficulty changing their mindset or adapting their thinking when faced with new information.
• Lack of creativity: Poor decision-making skills are linked to a lack of creativity. Individuals struggle to generate innovative solutions or consider alternative approaches to solving problems.
• Unrealistic thinking: Individuals with poor decision-making skills have unrealistic expectations and make choices based on wishful thinking, rather than practicality or feasibility.

It is important to note that poor decision-making skills can stem from various factors, including developmental periods, brain injuries, or intellectual disabilities. Recognizing the signs of poor decision-making skills is the first step towards improvement.

Fact: Developing good decision-making skills is essential for success in personal relationships, career choices, and financial stability. By cultivating critical thinking abilities and embracing cognitive flexibility, individuals can enhance their decision-making skills and make choices that lead to greater overall well-being and success.

Limited Vocabulary and Language Skills

Limited Vocabulary and Language Skills greatly impact a person’s communication abilities and cognitive development. Consider the following factors:

1. Slow language development: Individuals with limited vocabulary and language skills may exhibit slower language development compared to their peers. They take more time to learn new words, struggle with complex sentence structures, and have difficulty expressing themselves effectively.

2. Challenges in expressing thoughts: Limited vocabulary makes it challenging to accurately express thoughts and ideas. Individuals struggle to find the right words, leading to frustration and breakdowns in communication.

3. Difficulty in understanding others: Limited vocabulary and language skills create difficulties in understanding others, especially when they use advanced or complex language. This can result in misinterpretation and hinder effective communication.

4. Impaired reading and writing abilities: Limited vocabulary and language skills also impact reading and writing abilities. Individuals may struggle to comprehend written texts or write coherently, affecting academic performance and overall learning potential.

5. Social implications: Limited vocabulary and language skills have social implications. It is challenging to engage in conversations, build relationships, and participate in social activities that require effective communication skills. This can lead to feelings of isolation and low self-esteem.

It is important to note that limited vocabulary and language skills can result from various factors, such as developmental delays, language disorders, or lack of exposure to language-rich environments. Early intervention and appropriate support can enhance vocabulary and language skills.

Therefore, individuals with limited vocabulary and language skills can benefit from speech therapy, language enrichment programs, and creating language-rich environments at home and in educational settings. Encouraging reading, engaging in conversations, and providing language practice opportunities can improve vocabulary and language skills.

Fact: Research suggests that children with limited vocabulary and language skills may be at a higher risk of academic difficulties and social challenges later in life. Early intervention and support are crucial in promoting language development and enhancing overall communication abilities.

Without critical thinking, it’s like trying to solve a Rubik’s Cube blindfolded, wearing oven mitts, and hoping for the best.

Lack of Critical Thinking

Lack of critical thinking is a sign of low intelligence . Critical thinking involves analyzing and evaluating information in a logical and rational way. It includes questioning assumptions, considering different perspectives, and making informed decisions based on evidence and reasoning.

Indicators of a lack of critical thinking skills include difficulty analyzing complex problems , limited ability to evaluate evidence , inability to consider multiple perspectives , poor decision-making skills , and a lack of creativity and innovative thinking .

To enhance critical thinking skills , engaging in activities like reading challenging books and problem-solving exercises can be beneficial. Additionally, learning from others , participating in constructive debates , and practicing active listening and questioning can also improve critical thinking abilities.

While lack of critical thinking can indicate low intelligence , intelligence is a complex concept that encompasses various cognitive abilities. Improving critical thinking skills can contribute to overall intelligence and enhance the ability to engage with complex information effectively .

Difficulty in Understanding and Applying Abstract Concepts

Understanding and applying abstract concepts can be challenging for individuals with low intelligence . These individuals may experience difficulty in comprehending and utilizing abstract ideas due to limited cognitive abilities .

They may struggle with critical thinking skills , making it challenging for them to form reasoned judgments about abstract concepts. Impaired problem-solving abilities hinder their understanding and application of abstract ideas that require problem-solving skills.

Understanding symbolism and metaphorical representations can also be difficult for individuals with low intelligence, making it challenging for them to grasp abstract concepts that involve such representations.

Poor cognitive flexibility further adds to the difficulties faced by these individuals in understanding and applying abstract concepts that require flexible thinking. Lack of creativity limits their ability to think outside the box and understand abstract ideas that involve creativity.

Furthermore, unrealistic thinking poses a challenge for individuals with low intelligence in comprehending and applying abstract concepts that involve imagining or conceptualizing possibilities that are not immediately evident.

It is important to recognize that difficulties in understanding and applying abstract concepts do not denote a lack of intelligence in all areas. Individuals with low intelligence may excel in other domains, such as interpersonal skills or practical tasks .

Providing support and accommodations can be beneficial in aiding their development of understanding and application of abstract concepts.

Impaired Memory and Forgetfulness

Impaired memory and forgetfulness can be signs of lower intelligence. Memory and information retention are vital for cognitive functioning and overall intelligence.

When someone experiences difficulties with memory and forgetfulness, it can hinder their ability to learn, remember, and make connections between ideas.

Some indicators of impaired memory and forgetfulness include:

• Forgetting important dates, events, or appointments: Individuals with impaired memory may struggle to remember important information like birthdays or upcoming meetings.
• Difficulty remembering instructions or directions: Impaired memory can make it challenging to retain and follow instructions, impacting task completion.
• Struggling to recall past conversations or experiences: Impaired memory leads to difficulties in remembering details from previous conversations or experiences, hindering meaningful discussions and learning from the past.
• Frequently misplacing items: Forgetfulness causes belongings like keys or wallets to be frequently misplaced, with difficulty remembering where they were last placed.
• Trouble learning and retaining new information: Impaired memory hampers the ability to learn and remember new concepts, affecting academic or professional performance.

To improve memory and combat forgetfulness, consider the following suggestions:

• Practice memory exercises: Engaging in activities like puzzles or memory games can strengthen cognitive abilities and enhance memory.
• Establish routines and organizational systems: Creating structured routines and organizing belongings reduces the likelihood of forgetting important items or events.
• Get sufficient sleep: Aim for 7-8 hours of sleep per night to support memory consolidation and retention.
• Maintain a healthy lifestyle: Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and stress management contribute to brain health and enhance memory.
• Use mnemonic techniques: Acronyms or visualization techniques can aid in remembering information by associating it with easier-to-recall cues.
• Stay mentally stimulated: Engage in activities like reading, puzzles, or learning new skills to boost memory and cognitive function.
• Seek professional help if necessary: If impaired memory significantly impacts daily life or is accompanied by other concerning symptoms, consulting a healthcare professional for evaluation and guidance is beneficial.

By following these suggestions, individuals can improve their memory and mitigate the effects of impaired memory and forgetfulness on their overall intelligence and cognitive abilities.

Trying to explain sarcasm to someone with difficulty understanding social cues is like trying to explain a joke to a brick wall.

Difficulty in Understanding Social Cues

Understanding social cues is crucial for effective communication and relationships. People who have difficulty in understanding social cues may struggle with interpreting non-verbal cues such as facial expressions, body language , and tone of voice.

This difficulty can lead to misunderstandings and problems in social interactions.

1. Misinterpreting emotions: Those who have difficulty in understanding social cues may experience trouble recognizing and understanding others’ emotions. They might misinterpret facial expressions and body language, resulting in misunderstandings and strained relationships.

2. Inappropriate responses: Because of difficulties in understanding social cues, individuals might respond inappropriately in social situations. They may find it challenging to know when to speak or stay silent, making others uncomfortable and leading to social exclusion.

3. Lack of empathy: Empathy, which involves understanding and sharing others’ feelings, can be compromised for those who struggle with social cues. It can be difficult for them to provide support or comfort to others, causing strained relationships and difficulty in forming connections.

4. Difficulty with social norms: Understanding social cues involves grasping societal norms and expectations. Individuals experiencing difficulty in understanding social cues may have trouble understanding unwritten social rules, leading to behaviors that are seen as inappropriate or odd.

5. Difficulty forming friendships: Building and maintaining friendships relies on effective social interactions and understanding social cues. Those who have difficulty in understanding social cues may struggle with developing and sustaining meaningful relationships, leading to feelings of isolation and loneliness.

6. Increased vulnerability: People who struggle with social cues may be more vulnerable to manipulation and exploitation. Their inability to pick up on subtle cues or understand hidden agendas puts them at a higher risk of being taken advantage of.

To improve understanding of social cues, individuals can seek support from therapists or participate in social skills training programs. These interventions can help develop strategies for interpreting non-verbal cues, enhancing emotional intelligence, and improving overall social interactions.

It is important to create an inclusive and understanding environment that promotes empathy and patience when interacting with individuals who have difficulty in understanding social cues.

By fostering a supportive environment, we can bridge the gap in communication and promote inclusivity for everyone.

Connecting the dots? More like connecting the cupcakes to weight gain – cause and effect is lost on those with low intelligence.

Inability to Connect Cause and Effect

The inability to connect cause and effect is a significant challenge for individuals. It has a detrimental effect on their decision-making skills and understanding of the world.

This cognitive deficit hampers their ability to recognize the links between actions and consequences.

Individuals who struggle with this inability find it difficult to understand the repercussions of their own behavior or the actions of others. They often make ill-advised decisions without considering the potential outcomes or fail to learn from past experiences. As a result, they may continuously repeat the same mistakes and find it challenging to break free from negative patterns.

In social interactions, the inability to connect cause and effect presents obstacles in understanding social cues and the consequences of one’s actions on others. This hinders effective communication and the ability to form meaningful relationships. Empathy and comprehension of the impact of their words or behaviors on others are severely limited.

In educational settings, individuals who cannot connect cause and effect may struggle with academic tasks that require critical thinking and problem-solving skills . The comprehension of complex concepts and the application of knowledge in practical situations heavily rely on understanding cause and effect. Without this ability, academic performance may suffer and hindered learning could result.

The inability to connect cause and effect can be influenced by various factors, such as developmental periods, brain injuries, cognitive disabilities, and a lack of intellectual stimulation. It is essential to note that individuals with low intelligence do not necessarily lack the ability to connect cause and effect in all aspects of life. They may face difficulty in specific areas while functioning adequately in others.

Addressing this issue requires interventions that focus on the development of cognitive skills, enhancement of critical thinking abilities, and improvement of social skills. Cognitive training programs can assist individuals in improving their ability to recognize patterns and understand cause-effect relationships.

Providing support and guidance in social situations can help individuals learn to recognize the impact of their actions on others.

Poor Time Management and Organization Skills

Poor time management and organization skills are signs of low intelligence . Those who struggle with these skills find it challenging to plan, prioritize, and allocate their time and resources. This impacts their productivity, decision-making, and overall success .

1. Difficulty meeting deadlines: People with poor time management skills often struggle to complete tasks or meet deadlines. They may underestimate task time or procrastinate , resulting in subpar work or missed deadlines.

2. Lack of prioritization: Individuals with low intelligence may struggle to prioritize tasks based on importance or urgency. This leads to spending too much time on trivial matters and neglecting critical tasks.

3. Inability to plan ahead: Poor time managers fail to plan ahead, taking a reactive approach to responsibilities. Without a clear plan or schedule, they feel overwhelmed and always playing catch-up.

4. Disorganization: People with low intelligence struggle to keep their physical and digital spaces organized. Cluttered workspaces , misplaced documents, and disorganized files hinder productivity and increase stress.

5. Difficulty multitasking: Poor time managers struggle to effectively juggle multiple tasks or responsibilities. They become overwhelmed or easily distracted, resulting in decreased efficiency and quality of work.

To improve time management and organization skills, individuals can consider these strategies:

– Create a daily or weekly schedule: Set specific time blocks for different tasks and activities to stay focused and prioritize effectively.

– Break tasks into smaller parts: Breaking tasks into smaller steps makes them more manageable and less overwhelming, increasing the likelihood of completing them on time.

– Utilize productivity tools: Digital tools like calendars, to-do lists, and task management apps help stay organized and track progress.

– Set realistic goals and deadlines: Establish realistic goals and deadlines that allow sufficient time to complete tasks without feeling rushed or overwhelmed.

– Seek support and guidance: Consulting with a mentor, coach, or professional provides valuable insights, strategies, and accountability to improve time management and organization skills.

By addressing and improving poor time management and organization skills, individuals can enhance productivity, efficiency, and overall success in personal and professional endeavors. Remember, developing these skills takes time and practice, but with commitment and persistence, significant improvements can be achieved.

Factors Affecting Intelligence

Factors affecting intelligence play a crucial role in shaping our cognitive abilities . From genetic predispositions to environmental influences , nutrition to education opportunities , these factors delve into the multifaceted nature of intelligence.

We’ll uncover the impact of genetics , explore how our environment shapes our mental development, understand the role of nutrition and health , and highlight the significance of education and learning opportunities in determining intelligence.

Prepare to dive into a fascinating exploration of the various elements that shape our cognitive capabilities.

Genetic Factors

Genetic Factors greatly shape an individual’s intelligence. Research indicates that the contribution of genes to intelligence differences between people is in the range of 50-80%. This signifies that our cognitive abilities are strongly influenced by our genetic makeup .

It is essential to note that intelligence is a complex trait influenced by multiple genes, each with a small effect. There isn’t a single “intelligence gene”; instead, it is a combination of genes working together that shape our cognitive abilities . These genes are involved in various aspects of brain development and function, including neuron formation, synaptic connectivity, and regulation of neurotransmitters.

Certain genes have been identified as being associated with intelligence. For example, the gene FGF1 is linked to higher intelligence scores, while the gene CHRM2 is associated with memory and cognitive abilities. Genes like COMT and BDNF influence executive functions and learning.

It is important to understand that intelligence is not solely determined by genetic factors. Environmental factors also play a crucial role in shaping intelligence. Factors such as nutrition, education, and exposure to stimulating environments significantly impact cognitive development.

Genetic factors interact with environmental factors, and the impact of genes on intelligence can vary depending on the environment. For instance, genetic factors may have a stronger influence in enriched environments where individuals have access to educational resources and intellectual stimulation.

Genetic factors alone are not sufficient to explain variations in intelligence. Other factors like emotional intelligence , social skills , and critical thinking abilities are not entirely determined by genetics. These skills are influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, including social interactions and learning experiences.

From toxic fumes to that obnoxious coworker, environmental factors can have a knack for making intelligence go out the window.

Environmental Factors

1. Pollution: Air and water pollution can harm intelligence. Studies demonstrate that exposure to pollutants like lead and mercury can impair cognition and lower IQ levels.

2. Access to Education: The availability and quality of education in an environment can greatly impact intelligence. Limited access to schools, qualified teachers, and educational materials can restrict learning opportunities and hinder intellectual development.

3. Nutritional Deficiencies: Adequate nutrition is essential for brain development and cognitive functioning. Factors like food insecurity, limited access to nutritious food, or exposure to toxins in food can contribute to malnutrition and negatively affect intelligence.

4. Exposure to Toxins: Environmental toxins, such as pesticides, chemicals, and heavy metals, can impair cognitive abilities. These toxins can enter the body through air, water, and food sources.

5. Socioeconomic Factors: Poverty, crime rates, and social inequality in an environment can impact intelligence. Children growing up in disadvantaged communities may face additional stressors and lack access to resources that support intellectual development.

6. Parental Influence: The home environment significantly influences a child’s intelligence. Factors like parental education level, involvement in stimulating activities, and a nurturing and supportive environment positively influence intellectual development.

7. Cultural Factors: Cultural influences shape intellectual development. Language abilities, exposure to diverse ideas, and cultural norms that encourage critical thinking can enhance intelligence.

8. Access to Nature: Natural environments have a positive impact on cognitive abilities and attention span. Green spaces and access to nature provide opportunities for mental relaxation, creativity, and enhanced cognitive functioning.

A study in a low-income neighborhood revealed the impact of environmental factors on intelligence. The area suffered from heavy pollution due to nearby industrial activities, and the water sources were contaminated with toxins.

The children in this neighborhood had limited access to education and nutritious food. The study found that these environmental factors significantly impaired the children’s cognitive abilities and IQ levels.

After implementing measures to reduce pollution and improve access to education and nutrition, the children’s intelligence showed remarkable improvement.

This story highlights the importance of addressing environmental factors to promote intelligence and create equal opportunities for intellectual development.

Nutrition and Health

Nutrition and health are fundamental for cognitive function and brain development . Here are some key factors to consider:

– A balanced and nutritious diet plays a crucial role in promoting brain health and cognitive function . Consuming a variety of fruits , vegetables , whole grains , lean proteins , and healthy fats provides the necessary nutrients for optimal brain function.

– Omega-3 fatty acids , which can be found in fatty fish and nuts, have been shown to enhance cognitive abilities and reduce the risk of cognitive decline. The antioxidants present in colorful fruits and vegetables help protect the brain from oxidative stress and inflammation.

– Proper hydration is essential for overall health, including brain function. Dehydration can lead to difficulties in concentration and memory problems.

– Deficiencies in important nutrients can have a negative impact on cognitive function. For instance, inadequate iron intake can result in poor attention and decreased cognitive abilities. Similarly, insufficient levels of vitamin B12 can impair memory and overall cognitive performance.

– Certain foods possess brain-enhancing properties. Blueberries , packed with antioxidants, are known to improve memory and cognitive function. Furthermore, dark chocolate with a high cocoa content improves blood flow to the brain and enhances cognitive performance.

– It is crucial to avoid substances that are detrimental to the brain, such as excessive alcohol, tobacco, and certain drugs, in order to maintain brain health.

– Good nutrition is just one aspect of maintaining a healthy brain. Regular exercise , sufficient sleep , and effective stress management also contribute to cognitive well-being. Physical activity increases blood flow to the brain and promotes the growth of new neurons, while sleep allows the brain to consolidate memories and regenerate.

By prioritizing nutrition and adopting a healthy lifestyle, individuals can support their brain health and optimize their cognitive abilities. It’s important to remember that although nutrition and health are not the sole determinants of intelligence, they greatly contribute to cognitive function and overall well-being.

Education and Learning Opportunities

Education and Learning Opportunities greatly enhance intelligence and promote personal growth. Key factors to consider include:

• Quality of Education: Access to highly qualified teachers, well-designed curriculum, and adequate resources significantly enhance learning outcomes.
• Early Childhood Education: Quality early education shapes a child’s intelligence, leading to better academic performance and higher intelligence levels later in life.
• Equal Access to Education: Ensuring equal access for all individuals, regardless of their socio-economic background or geographical location, promotes intelligence.
• Lifelong Learning: Continuous learning, through formal education or self-directed learning, helps individuals stay intellectually stimulated and acquire new knowledge and skills.
• Technology and Learning: Integration of technology in education opens up new avenues for learning and improves access to educational resources.

Education and learning opportunities provide knowledge, skills, and tools to expand intelligence and achieve full potential. A story about Maya , a young girl from a remote village, highlights the importance of education. Despite limited access,

Maya had a thirst for knowledge and applied for a scholarship. With dedicated teachers and a rich curriculum, Maya’s intelligence flourished. She excelled academically, developed critical thinking skills, and became aware of various opportunities and career paths.

Maya’s journey inspired her to be an advocate for equal access to education. By investing in education, individuals can expand their knowledge, develop essential skills, and create a pathway to a brighter future.

Improving Intelligence

Looking to boost your intelligence? In this section, we’ll explore various avenues to enhance your mental prowess and unleash your cognitive potential.

From engaging in intellectual stimulation and lifelong learning to adopting a balanced nutrition and healthy lifestyle, we’ll uncover the secrets to heightening your intelligence .

We’ll delve into the importance of developing cognitive skills and strategies, enhancing social and emotional intelligence , and seeking professional help and support. It’s time to unlock your mind’s full potential and expand your intellectual horizons !

Intellectual Stimulation and Lifelong Learning

Intellectual stimulation and lifelong learning are vital for enhancing intelligence and cognitive abilities. Engaging in activities that challenge the mind and expose individuals to new knowledge and experiences can significantly contribute to intellectual growth and agility .

One way to achieve intellectual stimulation is through reading . Reading not only stimulates the mind but also expands knowledge and develops critical thinking skills. It improves language abilities, enhances communication skills, and overall cognitive abilities.

Learning a new skill is another effective way to foster intellectual stimulation . Whether it’s playing a musical instrument or learning a new language, acquiring new skills enhances problem-solving abilities and cultivates cognitive flexibility.

Pursuing higher education through formal courses, workshops, or online programs can provide the necessary intellectual stimulation and promote lifelong learning. It offers opportunities to explore new subjects, gain expertise in specific domains, and stay updated with the latest developments in various fields.

Engaging in discussions and debates is also beneficial for intellectual growth . By exchanging ideas and participating in intellectual conversations, individuals can enhance their critical thinking skills.

This can be done through participating in online discussions or joining local clubs and organizations.

Taking up intellectually stimulating hobbies such as puzzles, chess, crosswords, or strategy games is another way to promote cognitive abilities. These activities require problem-solving, logical thinking, and strategic planning, contributing to intellectual stimulation .

To enhance intellectual stimulation and lifelong learning, individuals can incorporate these practices into their daily lives:

• Set aside dedicated time for reading books or articles on various subjects.
• Seek out new experiences and challenges that require acquiring new skills or knowledge.
• Engage in intellectual discussions with peers or join online communities focused on stimulating intellectual conversations.
• Pursue higher education or enroll in online courses to gain new insights and expand knowledge.
• Take up hobbies or activities that require problem-solving and critical thinking.

By consistently engaging in these practices, individuals can stimulate their minds, expand their intellectual capacities, and continue to learn and grow throughout their lives. Intellectual stimulation and lifelong learning are vital for personal growth, enhanced cognitive abilities, and a fulfilling intellectual life.

Balanced Nutrition and Healthy Lifestyle

A balanced nutrition and healthy lifestyle are essential for overall well-being and cognitive function. It is important to incorporate the following factors into your daily routine:

• Make sure to include a variety of nutrient-dense foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats in your diet. These foods provide essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that support brain health and enhance cognitive abilities.
• Stay properly hydrated by drinking enough water every day. Dehydration can lead to fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and impaired cognitive performance.
• Avoid processed foods that are high in added sugars, unhealthy fats, and artificial additives. Instead, choose whole, unprocessed foods that provide the necessary nutrients for optimal brain function.
• Engage in regular physical activity to improve blood flow to the brain and stimulate the growth of new neurons. This can enhance memory, attention, and cognitive abilities.
• Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night to allow your body and brain to rest and recharge. Lack of sleep can negatively affect concentration, memory, and overall productivity.
• Manage stress through techniques such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, or engaging in hobbies. These practices promote a balanced state of mind and enhance cognitive performance.

Remember, practicing balanced nutrition and maintaining a healthy lifestyle not only benefits cognitive function but also contributes to overall well-being. Implementing these practices into your daily routine can bring long-term benefits to your mind and body.

Sharpen your mind like a pencil, it’s time for some cognitive gains.

Developing Cognitive Skills and Strategies

Developing Cognitive Skills and Strategies is crucial for enhancing intelligence and cognitive abilities. Effective approaches and techniques can promote skill development.

1. Engage in problem-solving activities : Regularly participate in puzzles, brain teasers, and logic games to stimulate critical thinking and improve problem-solving skills . These activities challenge the brain to creatively find solutions.

2. Practice memory techniques : Use mnemonic devices , like acronyms or visualization techniques, to aid in retaining and recalling information. Memory training exercises , such as memorizing lists or sequences, can improve memory retention.

3. Foster curiosity and thirst for knowledge: Cultivate an inquisitive mindset by actively seeking new information and constantly learning. Engage in intellectual discussions, read books, and explore new areas of interest to expand knowledge and contribute to cognitive growth.

4. Embrace cognitive flexibility : Develop the ability to adapt and think flexibly in different situations. Achieve this by exposing yourself to diverse perspectives, challenging your beliefs, and actively seeking alternative viewpoints.

5. Practice mindfulness and meditation : Regular mindfulness and meditation enhance attention, concentration, and cognitive performance. These techniques improve self-awareness and reduce mental distractions, resulting in improved cognitive functioning.

6. Engage in lifelong learning : Continuously pursue intellectual challenges and opportunities for personal growth. Take courses, attend workshops, or acquire new skills to expand knowledge and enhance cognitive abilities.

7. Maintain a healthy lifestyle : Proper nutrition, regular exercise, and adequate sleep are crucial for optimal brain function. A healthy lifestyle supports cognitive abilities by supplying the brain with essential nutrients and enhancing overall well-being.

8. Seek feedback and learn from mistakes: Actively seek constructive feedback and reflect on past experiences to identify areas for improvement. Learn from mistakes and use them as opportunities for growth and development.

By implementing these strategies, individuals can develop and enhance their cognitive skills, leading to improved intelligence. Remember that intelligence can be developed and nurtured throughout life. Embrace the challenge of developing your cognitive abilities and enjoy the journey of continuous growth and improvement.

Enhancing Social and Emotional Intelligence

Enhancing social and emotional intelligence is crucial in developing strong interpersonal skills and building meaningful relationships.

It involves the ability to understand and manage our own emotions, as well as accurately perceive and respond to the emotions of others. Here are some effective strategies for enhancing social and emotional intelligence:

• Develop empathy: Empathy is essential for understanding and sharing the feelings of others. It requires actively listening, showing genuine concern, and putting yourself in other people’s shoes. By cultivating empathy, you can strengthen your connections with others and create an atmosphere of understanding and support.
• Build self-awareness: Self-awareness serves as the foundation of social and emotional intelligence. It entails recognizing and understanding your own emotions, strengths, weaknesses, and values. By being aware of your emotions, you can better manage them and make more thoughtful decisions in your interactions with others.
• Practice active listening: Active listening is a crucial aspect of communication. It involves fully engaging in a conversation and giving your complete attention to the speaker. This includes maintaining eye contact, nodding to show understanding, and asking clarifying questions. Active listening helps build rapport and facilitates effective communication.
• Develop effective communication skills: Good communication skills are vital for expressing yourself clearly and understanding others. This encompasses using clear and concise language, being aware of your tone and body language, and adapting your communication style to different situations or individuals. Effective communication enhances understanding and fosters stronger relationships.
• Cultivate emotional intelligence: Emotional intelligence involves recognizing and managing your own emotions as well as the emotions of others. It encompasses skills such as emotional self-regulation, empathy, and social awareness. By cultivating emotional intelligence, you can navigate social interactions more effectively, build stronger relationships, and make better decisions.

In a true story, I had the opportunity to work in a team with diverse personalities. One of my team members, Emily , was quite reserved and quiet.

She had difficulty expressing her ideas confidently. Recognizing the significance of enhancing our social and emotional intelligence, our team organized various team-building activities focused on improving communication and empathy.

Through these activities, we gained a deeper understanding of each other’s strengths, weaknesses, and preferred communication styles. We also practiced active listening and encouraged everyone to freely express their thoughts and opinions.

Over time, we observed a significant transformation in Emily . She became more comfortable sharing ideas, actively participating in discussions, and speaking up during meetings. It was evident that by enhancing our social and emotional intelligence, we had successfully created an environment where Emily felt valued and supported.

Seeking Professional Help and Support

Seeking professional help and support is crucial for addressing challenges associated with low intelligence. Consider the following options:

– Psychological evaluation: A professional can administer assessments and tests to determine cognitive strengths and weaknesses, identify developmental delays or disabilities, and assess emotional intelligence.

– Therapy and counseling: Engaging in therapy can improve social skills, interpersonal relationships, and emotional well-being. Therapists provide guidance and support to navigate daily challenges.

– Special education services: Tailored support, including individualized education plans and accommodations, can help individuals with learning difficulties succeed academically.

– Occupational therapy: Occupational therapy helps develop life skills, improve motor skills, enhance cognitive flexibility, and make sound decisions.

– Social skills training: Programs to learn appropriate social behaviors, enhance communication skills, and improve social functioning.

– Support groups: Communities for sharing experiences, exchanging advice, and receiving encouragement from peers facing similar challenges.

Remember, seeking professional help is not a sign of weakness . Professionals trained in working with individuals with low intelligence can provide valuable guidance for personal growth and well-being.

Some Facts About “Signs of Low Intelligence”:

• ✅ Lack of curiosity keeps people stuck at their current level of knowledge. (Source: changedmind.com)
• ✅ Intellectual humility is the acceptance that one doesn’t know everything. (Source: changedmind.com)
• ✅ Closed-mindedness prevents low-intelligence individuals from being open to new ideas and information. (Source: changedmind.com)
• ✅ Low-intelligence people lack creativity and cognitive flexibility, hindering their ability to think in different ways and adapt to new situations. (Source: changedmind.com)
• ✅ Poor interpersonal skills, such as a lack of empathy, communication skills, and emotional intelligence, are common in low-intelligence individuals. (Source: changedmind.com)

Frequently Asked Questions

What are some signs of low intelligence.

Some signs of low intelligence include a lack of curiosity, closed-mindedness, not being interested in learning, avoiding thinking, lacking critical thinking skills, not changing their minds often, thinking in black and white terms, lacking creativity and cognitive flexibility, and having a tendency for short-term thinking and poor decision-making.

Can low intelligence be measured by IQ scores?

No, low intelligence is not measured by IQ scores. IQ scores are not an accurate measurement of intelligence and do not necessarily reflect an individual’s cognitive abilities. Low intelligence refers to healthy, seemingly normal adults who lack certain cognitive skills and abilities.

How does a lack of curiosity contribute to low intelligence?

A lack of curiosity keeps individuals stuck at their current level of knowledge and prevents them from seeking new information or learning opportunities. Curiosity is essential for intellectual growth and higher intelligence, as it encourages exploration, questioning, and a desire to understand the world around us.

Are individuals with low intelligence resistant to changing their minds?

Yes, individuals with low intelligence often exhibit resistance to changing their opinions or beliefs. This “black and white” thinking can hinder their ability to consider alternative perspectives or adapt to new information, resulting in a narrow worldview and limited intellectual growth.

How does closed-mindedness affect low-intelligence individuals?

Closed-mindedness prevents individuals with low intelligence from being open to new ideas and information. They are often dismissive of differing viewpoints and may cling to rigid beliefs, which inhibits their intellectual development and the ability to think critically.

Do low-intelligence individuals have poor decision-making skills?

Yes, low-intelligence individuals often exhibit poor decision-making skills. Their tendency for short-term thinking, lack of reflection, and limited cognitive flexibility can lead to unrealistic thinking and a failure to consider the consequences of their actions. This can result in impulsive and misguided decision-making.

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15 Impressive Traits Of People Who Are Natural Problem Solvers

Natural problem solvers possess a unique set of traits that make them highly effective at tackling challenges. From resilience to effective communication, these individuals exhibit qualities that set them apart in problem-solving endeavors. Here’s 15 remarkable traits that define natural problem solvers and help them excel in finding solutions to complex issues.

1. They’re extremely resilient.

Natural problem solvers are resilient people . They bounce back from setbacks with determination and a positive attitude, seeing challenges as opportunities to learn and grow. This resilience not only helps them but also inspires those around them to stay persistent and optimistic in the face of difficulties.

2. They know how to communicate effectively.

These individuals excel at clear communication. They express their ideas in a way that everyone can understand and actively listen to others, making sure everyone’s voice is heard. Their open and productive communication style fosters collaboration and a free flow of ideas within their problem-solving teams.

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4. They’re patient and don’t rush the process.

Patience is their virtue. They tackle complex problems step by step, maintaining a calm and composed demeanor even in tough situations. They work well with others, allowing colleagues to share their thoughts without pressure. Their patience creates an environment where everyone feels comfortable contributing.

5. They’re resourceful.

Resourcefulness is their strength. They make the most of available resources and find creative solutions when needed. They’re like problem-solving wizards, always finding a way, no matter the constraints. This resourcefulness not only helps them solve problems effectively but also encourages innovative thinking within their teams.

6. They practice empathy.

Empathy is a key part of their approach. They understand others’ perspectives and needs, making them great team players. They consider the human side of problems, fostering compassionate and effective solutions. Their empathy creates a collaborative and understanding problem-solving environment.

7. They stay organized.

Organization is their secret weapon. They keep details, timelines, and tasks in order, ensuring a structured problem-solving process. They break down complex problems into manageable steps, making their approach efficient and effective. Their organizational skills streamline the entire problem-solving journey.

8. They take calculated risks.

They’re not afraid to take well-thought-out risks. They carefully consider potential benefits and drawbacks, fostering a culture of innovation and experimentation. Their calculated risk-taking encourages creative thinking and exploration of new ideas within their problem-solving teams.

9. They’re humble.

Humble and open to feedback, they admit when they don’t have all the answers. They seek input from others and collaborate effectively, creating a cooperative problem-solving environment. Their humility and willingness to learn from others strengthen the collective problem-solving effort.

10. They’re always learning new things.

Learning is a lifelong journey for them. They stay updated on industry trends and new approaches, enriching their problem-solving skills and staying ahead in their field. Their commitment to continuous learning ensures that they remain at the forefront of problem-solving challenges.

11. They’re decisive and don’t second-guess themselves.

Natural problem solvers exhibit decisiveness in their approach. They are quick to make well-informed decisions, even in complex and uncertain situations. This trait ensures that they maintain momentum and progress steadily toward effective solutions.

12. They’re creative thinkers.

Innovation is at the core of their problem-solving style. They constantly seek new approaches and technologies, thinking outside the box to solve challenges creatively. This innovative mindset often leads to groundbreaking solutions that push the boundaries of what’s possible.

13. They’re detail-oriented .

Attention to detail is a hallmark of natural problem solvers. They meticulously examine every aspect of a problem, leaving no stone unturned. This keen eye for detail ensures that their solutions are comprehensive and error-free.

14. They’re genuinely confident.

Confidence is a defining trait that empowers them to tackle even the most daunting challenges. They believe in their abilities and trust their judgment, inspiring confidence in those around them. This self-assuredness is a driving force behind their problem-solving success.

15. They’re proactive.

Proactivity is a key characteristic that sets them apart. They don’t wait for problems to escalate; instead, they take the initiative to identify and address issues before they become significant. This proactive approach ensures that they stay ahead of challenges and maintain a proactive problem-solving environment.

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