essay social problem of pakistan

Social Issues in Pakistan – 10 Major Social Problems

Pakistan is a South-Asian developing country. It is 5th most populous country in the world. Given this fact, Pakistan is beset with multiple social issues. In this write-up, we shall discuss the social problems of Pakistan that are miring the progress of the country.

Some major social issues in Pakistan are:

• Over-population
• Unemployment
• Child Labour
• Lack of Rule of Law
• Violence, Terrorism, and Extremism
• Gender Discrimination
• Issues pertaining to Girls
• Early and Forced Marriages
• Acid-Throwing

…and the list goes on and on… These are some major social issues that Pakistan is currently beset with.

Top 10 Major Social Problems And Issues In Pakistan

Let us now discuss the major social issues in Pakistan in detail.

1. Over-Population

Overpopulation is a major social issue in Pakistan. The total population of Pakistan is circa 221 million making Pakistan the fifth most populous country in the world.

Moreover, the population growth rate is 2.8% which means an additional 3.6 million each year in Pakistan. As per estimates, the population of Pakistan will double from the current 221 million to 440 million by 2055. Thus, the population is increasing day by day.

Overpopulation is generally considered the root cause of all social evils. Over-population leads to crimes, social unrest, deforestation , environmental issues, water crisis, exhaustion of resources, unemployment, lawlessness, corruption , etc.

2. Illiteracy

As per reports , the literacy rate in Pakistan is 58 percent only. Illiteracy leads to inequality among the masses, class differences, social divisions, unemployment, poverty, etc. Illiteracy is the major reason why Pakistan is still a third-world developing country and lagging behind the world in various fields.

3. Unemployment

Unemployment is another major issue in Pakistan. As per reports , the unemployment rate in Pakistan was at approximately 4.45 percent in 2019. Recently, due to the recent pandemic, like in other countries, unemployment has obviously skyrocketed.

The lack of meritocracy and illiteracy on a large scale are major factors behind unemployment. Furthermore, unemployment gives rise to various social issues like poverty, backwardness, the economic downfall of the country, etc.

Poverty is another major social problem in Pakistan. According to a report submitted by the Ministry of Planning and Development in the National Assembly of Pakistan, around 29.5% of Pakistani lived below the poverty line which translates into 55 million people. Moreover, the Economic Survey 2019-20 estimates that another 10 million people are likely to slip below the poverty line.

Devoid of resources to earn, people often turn to illegal ways like snatching, stealing, corruption, extortion, etc. for survival. Thus, it will be apt to say that poverty is the mother of various social evils.

5. Child Labour

Child labor is in an inverse relationship to the literacy rate and development of the country. Due to poverty, children are often forced to earn for the family.

In Pakistan, many young boys are working in restaurants, workshops, as conductors in public transport, etc. These children without schooling often get involved in various social evils. Morality and character-building are something one can learn from his social circle, companions, and schools.

Thus, child labor gives rise to a number of other social issues.

6. Corruption

Rampant corruption in almost every stratum of society in Pakistan is another social evil. Corruption is widespread in every class of society. It leads to illiteracy when students fail to get admission where they deserve it. Moreover, it also leads to unemployment due to a lack of merit and nepotism.

Corruption also leads to economic downfall. It also leads to injustice. Moreover, corruption also gives rise to crimes and terrorism when people fail to get their rights.

7. Lack of Rule of Law

In Pakistan, lawlessness is another social problem. On the lower level, people commonly violate traffic rules i.e. breaking signals. On a higher level, the ‘one country two rules’ principle is observed when influential people even after doing massive corruption on large scale go scot-free, while a poor person gets proper punishment after committing a minor crime.

Thus, the lack of across-the-board accountability and lack of rule of law is severely tarnishing the image of Pakistan on the global stage.

8. Nepotism

Nepotism means; favoring relatives or friends, especially by giving them jobs. Nepotism falls under the category of corruption.

Due to nepotism, deserving people cannot get admissions or jobs. As a result, intelligent and skilled people couldn’t serve the country in various domains. Also, for this reason, Pakistan is lagging behind the world in many fields.

9. Violence, Terrorism & Extremism

Violence exists in many forms in Pakistan. Most women suffer from domestic violence. Moreover, many cases of violence in Madrassahs and schools often surface on social media or in the news.

On the state level, religious violence and extremism are commonplace examples. Sit-ins at Faizabad interchange Islamabad by TLP and the destruction of public properties by some extremist elements are examples of religious violence in Pakistan.

Moreover, Pakistan has remained a target of terrorism since 2001. However, the incidents of terrorism have scaled down considerably.

10. Gender Discrimination

In Pakistan, gender discrimination has remained a major social issue since independence. Women are mostly sidelined from the educational and economic sector and confined to a domestic sphere with unpaid jobs. Undue restrictions are often placed on girls mostly in rural areas.

Furthermore, women and girls are not allowed to leave the house, thus barring them from jobs. In fact, gender discrimination is a social problem in Pakistan . Pakistani society is predominantly a patriarchal society that places women in an inferior position to men.

Moreover, there are various other social problems and issues in Pakistan pertaining to women and girls that include early or forced marriages, public harassment, acid attacks, and rape.

Mostly, in rural areas, child marriage at an early age is very common. It leads to excessive childbearing and health deterioration. Moreover, girls remain uneducated which ultimately impacts the upbringing of children.

Moreover, in the urban sphere and cities, girls often face public harassment. Most girls are sexually harassed at their workplaces. Many relevant cases have been reported so far in Pakistan.

Apart from these, cases of acid throwing at girls are also increasing day by day. Usually, when a girl rejects a proposal, considering this humiliation, the rejection is often avenged by acid thrown on the face of the girl leaving her disfigured for good and spoiling her future.

Also, rape cases are also rampant in Pakistan. Almost every day we hear such news on television.

Stringent law-making is the need of the hour to curb the issues pertaining to girls and women in Pakistan.

Wrapping Up

So these were the major social problems of Pakistan . For the progress and development of the country, it is the need of the hour that the state must make policies and take pragmatic measures to tackle these social issues.

Otherwise, these social problems and issues will keep hampering Pakistani society from making progress.

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About the author.

A versatile human being with a passion for reading and writing - always striving for growth, living in the moment but trying to keep pace with the evolving world.

[…] But, with the introduction of social media at all levels, the gap between rulers and those ruled vanished. Today, people are vocal about their problems on social media that usually results in swift action from concerned authorities. Thus, governance structures have considerably improved now. Moreover, corruption cases are highlighted more frequently today due to social media. Thus, social media has given people a medium to highlight various social issues. […]

[…] we dig deep, first we will discuss why this article is significant to read. Given large scale unemployment, rampant poverty, and economic crisis, a huge bulk of Pakistani youngsters are struggling with a […]

very helpful and well said by author i am agreed with them

informative and comprehensive explanation

can you please give the refrences for all these headings up there ?

you declared TLP protest as a social evil-extremism that is nothing but merely to protect the Law of Khatm e Nabuwat…Truth is that wrong is so common to people like you so right thing will obviously appear as an extremism in your senses.

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18 Major Social Problems of Pakistan and Their Solutions

Nobody we know wishes to become a substance abuser or a poor person. Most of us want to be cool, lucky, rich, and successful. Some of us are, luckily, but many of us are not. A part of our success and failure is associated with what we are given biologically in terms of intelligence and good health . The other part of it is related to the social problems of Pakistan.

From the moment Pakistan came into being, we have faced many issues in the shape of poverty, unemployment, crime, low status of women, child marriage, rape, and gender inequality. These are the social problems of Pakistan that, if solved, can make life more comfortable and society more productive in some manner.

A social problem is an issue that prevents society from functioning at an optimal level. Understanding that not all events in society can be considered social problems is essential. A problem is considered a social problem when:

• The public recognizes the situation as a problem.
• The situation is against all those values which are accepted by society.
• A large number of the population recognizes the issue as a valid concern.
• The problem can be alleviated through joint action of community resources or citizens.

Table of Content

Health Sector

Health care availability is one of the major social problems of Pakistan. According to the World Health Organization , Pakistan is ranked 122 out of 190 countries regarding healthcare. And if we look at infant mortality, Pakistan stands third-highest ranked country in the world.

Even after decades of Pakistan’s existence, there is no equal distribution of resources and wealth. Many of us still suffer from emotional and physical issues, but no proper healthcare system exists. The stigma surrounding mental illness persists. There are still many children suffering from malnutrition because of widespread poverty. Many patients with an emergency condition only visit a physician when they get a violent and nervous breakdown.

Due to a large number of infectious and vaccine-preventable diseases in Pakistan, it is clear that the healthcare system of Pakistan is still struggling. Thousands of new instances of COVID-19 arrive every day, putting Pakistan’s healthcare system under tremendous strain.

Illiteracy 

According to a survey, Pakistan has a 60 percent literacy rate which means that 40% of the population is illiterate. People in rural regions are uneducated because they are focused on earning a living rather than attending school. Therefore, advancement in our country is relatively slow. Because of illiteracy, crime rates are high in our culture.

Crime As A Social Problem

There is a very deep connection between crime and illiteracy. In countries with fewer literacy rates, the crime rate is at a peak, and in the countries with good literacy rates, the crime rate is lower. Education makes a person civilized, and also aware of their right or wrong. But due to illiteracy, unemployment increased, which forced the people to get money from unfair means. The increasing crime rate is one of those social problems of Pakistan which are associated with unemployment, inflation, and poverty that are directly or indirectly linked to illiteracy.

Poor Law Enforcement

In Pakistan, the situation of law enforcement agencies is miserable. Like if we talk about the police, they lack professionalism. They don’t have proper training on managing a case or even how to investigate it properly. In the police department, the bribe is common. Most of the issues are pending even not reported by our police department. There are several events in which our law and enforcement agencies are failed to control the situation or protests.

Social Problems Of Women In Pakistan

Some of the leading causes of social problems of women in Pakistan are:

Gender Discrimination

Gender inequality in Pakistan, and its influence on malnutrition, begins at the time of childbirth. Despite significant shifts in beliefs, a girl’s birth is still not celebrated today. There is a difference in attention paid to women and men. Several taboos prevent females from routinely eating nutrient-dense foods like meat and eggs when it comes to girls’ diets. This is associated with the girls reaching puberty early, and many parents believe that it would be harder to protect their daughters from sexual harassment and males after puberty.

The main social problem of Pakistan is that girls are typically seen as somebody’s possession, whereas males are seen as an asset to their parents’ well-being as they mature. As a result, boys are well-fed, well-educated, and given high priority. A woman is usually the last one to eat in most homes, and she may not even get enough food to fill her stomach in some cases, especially in poorer households.

It is undisputed that men enjoy unfair advantages over women in certain circumstances. Many private and government institutions have unofficial policies regarding hiring women since it is widely believed that they will either get married and quit or take maternity leave days. As a result of this discrimination, women are deprived of many opportunities that place them at the bottom.

Sexual Harassment

Sexual harassment is one of the current social problems in Pakistan. A working woman is often considered to be “public property” and exploited. In Pakistan, unhealthful and unsafe environments are widespread, encouraging men to view fragile women as an easy target.

Read the diary of a rape survivor here.

Finding a work-life balance.

Being from Pakistan and having a desi background means that the first thing your family expects of you is that you take care of household chores and the responsibilities your elders have entrusted to you. If you want to be an independent working woman, you will find yourself living a double life of a cook at home and a professional worker in the office.

Education And Marriage

So many parents ask why their daughter wants a higher degree when she is at the perfect age for marriage. Marriage is the only and ultimate destination for any Pakistani lady. Be it death threats from her brother or physical abuse from her parents, the majority of Pakistani girls are likely to be compelled to give up their dreams of getting an education overseas or in their nation in favor of marrying older men.

Husband’s Insecurities

It’s likely that if you’ve been lucky enough to continue work after you get married, you’ll have to deal with your husband’s ego and obscure anxieties regularly. As a general rule, men in Pakistan think that they should be the sole breadwinners in their families. When you deal with male coworkers, they may perceive your successes as a threat.

Log Kya Kahain Gai?

Compared to any other reason or claim, this one has damaged the lives of most women more than any other. Whether you work or stay at home, there is always the fear of ‘log kya kahain gai’ and how people see you via their judgments. Assuming you neglect your home, family, and children, they will probably give you dirty or insulting labels for working or doing anything for yourself.

Rape And Honor Killing

Rape and honor killing is one of those social issues in Pakistan that many people choose to ignore. Rape culture is wrong, yet in Pakistan, it is justified. It is explained with an excuse that Islam encourages modesty and assigns males the responsibility of safeguarding weaker women. In addition, the most harmful of all excuses, established norms, is used to justify it. And the tribal jirgas, which are the backbone of Pakistan’s rural power structure, function as the opposite of state law, making unsympathetic judgments about women and favoring these terrible acts.

Social Problems In Family

In Pakistani families, some of the common social problem examples are:

Child Marriage As A Social Problem

Child marriage is one of the social problems in Pakistan. As soon as a woman marries, she becomes an adult and is held to a higher standard of maturity and responsibility. It seems unfair to make her accountable for someone else’s care while she is at the most vulnerable stage of her life. Sexual activity puts a burden on these young brides since they are unprepared physically and emotionally. Early marriage can have a negative impact on the personal and social development of a girl. Besides this, it affects a child’s mental and emotional health as well.

On the other hand, male children who are married at a young age are also under financial stress, interfering with their education and training. While both boys and girls are married off at a young age, the number of girls who fall prey to this practice is significantly higher.  According to research, twenty-one percent of Pakistani females marry before the age of 18, while 3 percent marry before 15. The number of child brides in Pakistan is the sixth highest in the world.

Traditional Dowry

None of the parents want to give their daughter anything, but when the bride’s parents start expecting dowry at the time of marriage, this “something” takes on a whole new dimension. You may be asked to provide expensive jewelry, a large sum of money, or even an expensive automobile. It doesn’t matter to the wealthy, but those who can’t afford it have to deal with many issues. As a result of poverty, some females remain unmarried, while others go to extreme means such as suicide out of frustration. There are more dowry deaths in Pakistan than anywhere else in the world.

Caste System

There are an estimated 260 million individuals in the globe who are affected by caste prejudice, with the great majority of them living in South Asia. These rights are being violated in large numbers daily. People are divided into unequal and hierarchical social groupings based on caste which is one of the prevalent social problems of Pakistan.

Social Problems Of Youth In Pakistan

Pakistan’s youth is also a victim of many problems. Social problems of teens in Pakistan include:

Unemployment

Unemployment is one of the current social problems of Pakistan, especially for the youth. When they have finished their schooling, they cannot find a position where they may put their abilities to serve their nation. The inability of the government to properly employ youth is the cause of this. Deteriorating economic conditions also cause reduced investment and fewer job possibilities. In addition to being a multi-faceted and complex issue, unemployment may lead to many other types of social problems, such as young engagement in radical politics, bank and home burglaries, social insecurity, and drug usage.

Child Labor

Pakistan has a long history of being known as one of the worst ones for child labor which is considered a violation of human rights by the United Nations. A poor child is regarded as an earning hand of the families in Pakistan which deprive the child of primary education. Since the future and success of every country rely on a well-educated and well-informed young, child labor is a significant social issue in Pakistan.

Drug Addiction

Some young people who find themselves in a bad position have no other option than to turn to drugs for relief. The usage of drugs by our kids is on the rise. They believe that is the cheapest way to alleviate their suffering. Nevertheless, they are unaware that this practice is wasting their valuable skills and bringing them to the edge of death.

Depression and Suicide

Our young, the saddest of all, are committing suicide as a result of their disappointment. They waste their lives because they don’t realize what their worth is. Major causes of this social problem include drug use, poverty, unemployment, and failure in life.

Learn how to control social anxiety here.

Ways to prevent social problems.

The social problems of Pakistan can be solved by:

• Eradicating poverty through education, skill development, and job opportunities in society.
• Maintaining law and order situation in the country.
• Various awareness programs such as street drama, procession, and advertisements of tobacco and alcohol on media should be banned to solve the social problems.

Social problems are as old as human history. If you too are victimized, do not wait for more. Consult a Psychologist as soon as possible. Depending upon your condition, your therapist might refer you to a Psychiatrist, take your mental health seriously and get yourself treated at the earliest via Marham.pk.

1- Why is teenage pregnancy a social problem?

Teenage pregnancy is among the social problems of Pakistan because besides posing a health risk to the mother and baby, it continues the poverty cycle, including early school dropout by pregnant teenagers.

2- How can a school help abolish social problems?

As today’s students are tomorrow’s society, teaching starts from school makes a moral society.

3 – Is mental health a social problem?

Well, mental health itself is not a major social problem. It results from many of the social issues that individuals have to face.

4- Why is it important to study social problems?

To change society for the better, it is essential to study social problems.

Book an appointment now, to answer all your queries. You can book an appointment with the top Psychiatrist in Pakistan through Marham by calling at Marham helpline: 0311-1222398 or by online booking facility through the website or Marham mobile app.

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A Biotechnologist graduated from Lahore College for Women University. A passionate and dedicated writer who believes that words can bring in revolution.

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United States Institute of Peace

Home ▶ Publications

The Current Situation in Pakistan

A USIP Fact Sheet

Monday, January 23, 2023

/ READ TIME: 10 minutes

Pakistan continues to face multiple sources of internal and external conflict. Extremism and intolerance of diversity and dissent have grown, fuelled by a narrow vision of Pakistan’s national identity, and are threatening the country’s prospects for social cohesion and stability.   

The inability of state institutions to reliably provide peaceful ways to resolve grievances has encouraged groups to seek violence as an alternative. The country saw peaceful political transitions after the 2013 and 2018 elections. However, as the country prepares for anticipated elections in 2023, it continues to face a fragile economy along with deepening domestic polarization. Meanwhile, devastating flooding across Pakistan in 2022 has caused billions in damage, strained the country’s agriculture and health sectors, and also laid bare Pakistan’s vulnerability to climate disasters and troubling weaknesses in governance and economic stability.

Regionally, Pakistan faces a resurgence of extremist groups along its border with Afghanistan, which has raised tensions with Taliban-led Afghanistan. Despite a declared ceasefire on the Line of Control in Kashmir in 2021, relations with India remain stagnant and vulnerable to crises that pose a threat to regional and international security. The presence and influence of China, as a great power and close ally of Pakistan, has both the potential to ameliorate and exacerbate various internal and external conflicts in the region.

USIP’S Work

The U.S. Institute of Peace has conducted research and analysis and promoted dialogue in Pakistan since the 1990s, with a presence in the country since 2013. The Institute works to help reverse Pakistan’s growing intolerance of diversity and to increase social cohesion. USIP supports local organizations that develop innovative ways to build peace and promote narratives of inclusion using media, arts, technology, dialogues and education.

USIP works with state institutions in their efforts to be more responsive to citizens’ needs, which can reduce the use of violence to resolve grievances. The Institute supports work to improve police-community relations, promote greater access to justice and strengthen inclusive democratic institutions and governance. USIP also conducts and supports research in Pakistan to better understand drivers of peace and conflict and informs international policies and programs that promote peace and tolerance within Pakistan, between Pakistan and its neighbors, and between Pakistan and the United States.

USIP’s Work in Pakistan Includes:

Improving police-community relations for effective law enforcement

The Pakistani police have struggled with a poor relationship with the public, characterized by mistrust and mistreatment, which has hindered effective policing. USIP has partnered with national and provincial police departments to aid in building police-community relationships and strengthening policing in Pakistan through training, capacity building and social media engagement.

Building sustainable mechanisms for dialogue, critical thinking and peace education.

Nearly two-thirds of Pakistan’s population is under the age of 30. Youth with access to higher education carry disproportionate influence in society. However, Pakistan’s siloed education system does not allow interactions across diverse groups or campuses, leading to intolerance, and in some cases, radicalization. To tackle growing intolerance of diversity on university campuses, USIP has partnered with civil society and state institutions to support programs that establish sustainable mechanisms for dialogue, critical thinking and peace education.

Helping Pakistanis rebuild traditions of tolerance to counter extremists’ demands for violence

USIP supports local cultural leaders, civil society organizations, artists and others in reviving local traditions and discourses that encourage acceptance of diversity, promote dialogue and address social change. USIP also supports media production — including theater, documentaries and collections of short stories — which offer counter narratives to extremism and religious fundamentalism.

Support for acceptance and inclusion of religious minorities

Relations between religious communities in Pakistan have deteriorated, with some instances of intercommunal violence or other forms of exclusion. USIP supports the efforts of local peacebuilders, including religious scholars and leaders, to promote interfaith harmony, peaceful coexistence and equitable inclusion of minorities (gender, ethnic and religious) in all spheres of public life.

Supporting inclusive and democratic institutions

To help democratic institutions be more responsive to citizens, USIP supports technical assistance to state institutions and efforts to empower local governments, along with helping relevant civil society actors advocate for greater inclusion of marginalized groups. Gender has been a major theme of this effort and across USIP’s programming in Pakistan. These programs empower women in peacebuilding and democratic processes through research, advocacy and capacity building.

The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s).

PUBLICATION TYPE: Fact Sheet

Social Problems Of Pakistan And Their Solutions

Social Problems of Pakistan and their solutions are discussed here in the essay form. Pakistan is a developing state which is going through various problems and issues. These issues are from various origins having long lasting impact on the stability of the economy and the goodwill of country. Th social issues in Pakistan are being divided in to several heads among which one of the very important head is the Social problems of Pakistan. Education which is considered as the cheapest way of defense is not being promoted in our country which has made the literacy rate of our country decline to a major extent. The people will not have the education so they will not be able to put any impact on the country.

The literacy rate of Pakistan is 49.9% which makes them fall on the rating of 136th in the world that shows that the world’s 6th largest populated country is being kept away form education. According to a survey the primary education completing rate in Pakistan is 33.8% in females and 47.18% in males. The solution to social issues in Pakistan is that the education at least till the secondary part should be made compulsory and free for the students so that they can get full advantage form this blessing.

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Social Problems of Pakistan and their Solutions

The gender discrimination is another very much important factor in the decline of Pakistan as males are being given priority over females in a country where females are more in number. This is a big shame as in FATA the conditions are even worse where the literacy rate of males is 29.1% and in females it is less than 3%. That is where we are going wrong. Equal opportunity should be given to both male and females although the rules and regulation of Islam should not be over ruled but weight-age should be given to both the genders.

Terrorism is another social issue which has got in to the roots of the country and is damaging it. The main cause for the terrorism is political instability, economic conditions, standard or living and the most important one is the religious extremism. For this purpose the religious scholars should poke their head up and should come forward and should demonstrate the real Islam and its ideology so that such extremist acts should be avoided and human lives and property could be saved.

Other social issues in Pakistan which include child labor, sexual harassment, inflations, injustice, smuggling and drug abuse are also getting more and more common in the country which is causing harm to the youth of the country as well as to the law and order situation of the state. So to get rid of this problem the government had to take strong and strict actions in preventing such activities to prevail in the premises of the country and not only federal government but the provincial government should also play its vital role in eliminating all such social problems from the country, otherwise they will keep eating Pakistan like pesticides.

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What are the Social Problems in Pakistan and its Solution

Table of contents toggle what are the social problems in pakistan and its solution:   poverty: illiteracy: corruption: terrorism:, what are the social problems in pakistan and its solution:.

Pakistan is a country with a rich history, culture, and diversity. It is also a country with many challenges and opportunities. As the sixth most populous country in the world, with over 220 million people. Pakistan faces a range of social, economic, political, and environmental problems that affect its development and stability. Some of these problems include poverty, illiteracy, corruption, terrorism, health care, etc. These problems not only hinder Pakistan’s progress and prosperity, but also threaten its security and sovereignty.

Therefore, it is crucial to identify and address these problems and their recommended solutions in order to improve the quality of life for Pakistanis and ensure a peaceful and prosperous future for Pakistan. In this article, we will discuss some of the major problems in Pakistan and their recommended solutions. We will analyze the causes and effects of each problem, and propose some possible ways to solve them. We will also highlight some of the benefits and challenges of implementing these solutions. Our goal is to raise awareness and inspire action among Pakistanis and other stakeholders who care about Pakistan’s well-being.

Poverty is one of the most pervasive and persistent problems in Pakistan. According to the World Bank, about 24% of Pakistan’s population lives below the national poverty, which means that they cannot afford basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter, education, and health care. Poverty is also unevenly distributed across regions, genders, and ethnic groups, with rural areas, women, and minorities being more vulnerable to poverty than urban areas, men, and majorities. Poverty has many negative consequences for individuals and society, such as malnutrition, disease, illiteracy, crime, violence, social exclusion, etc.

One of the main causes of poverty in Pakistan is the lack of economic opportunities and growth. Pakistan’s economy has been struggling with low productivity, high inflation, fiscal deficits, trade imbalances, debt burdens, etc. The Covid-19 pandemic has further worsened the economic situation by disrupting businesses, trade, tourism, remittances, etc.

Another cause of poverty is the unequal distribution of resources and wealth among different segments of society. Pakistan has a high level of income inequality, with the richest 10% of the population owning 27% of the total income. Moreover, there are significant disparities in access to land, water, energy, education, health care, etc., among different regions and groups.

One of the possible solutions to poverty in Pakistan is to promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth that creates more jobs and income for the poor. This can be achieved by investing in infrastructure development, industrialization, agriculture modernization, innovation, Another solution is to improve social protection and welfare systems that provide basic services and support to the poor and vulnerable.

This can be done by expanding social safety nets such as cash transfers (e.g., Ehsaas program ), food subsidies (e.g., Utility Stores), health insurance (e.g: Sehat Sahulat program ), etc. Moreover, there is a need to reform the tax system to make it more progressive and equitable so that the rich pay their fair share of taxes and the poor benefit from public spending.

Illiteracy:

Illiteracy is another major problem in Pakistan that affects its human development and potential. According to UNESCO, Pakistan has an adult literacy rate of 59%, which means that 41% of its population aged 15 years and above cannot read or write. The literacy rate is even lower for women (46%) than for men (71%), reflecting the gender gap in education. Illiteracy limits the opportunities and capabilities of individuals and society in various aspects such as employment, health care , civic participation , etc.

One of the main causes of illiteracy in Pakistan is the lack of access to quality education for all. Pakistan has one of the lowest public spending on education in the world , at only 2.4% of its GDP. As a result , there are not enough schools , teachers , textbooks , facilities , etc., to meet the demand for education , especially in rural areas , where 70% of out-of-school children live. Another cause of illiteracy is the socio-cultural barriers that prevent many children , especially girls , from attending school . These include poverty , child labor , early marriage , gender discrimination , religious extremism , etc.

One of the possible solutions to illiteracy in Pakistan is to increase public investment in education and ensure its efficient allocation and utilization . This can be done by raising more revenues from taxes and donors , allocating more funds to education , improving governance and accountability in the education sector , etc. Another solution is to improve the quality and relevance of education and make it more inclusive and equitable for all . This can be done by standardizing the curriculum and assessment , training and retaining qualified teachers , providing adequate learning materials and resources , enhancing the use of technology and innovation , promoting girls’ education and gender equality , etc.

Corruption:

Corruption is a serious problem in Pakistan that undermines its democracy and development. According to Transparency International, Pakistan ranks 124 out of 180 countries in the Corruption Perceptions Index 2020, with a score of 31 out of 100, where 0 is highly corrupt and 100 is very clean. Corruption affects all sectors and levels of government, as well as the private sector and civil society, in Pakistan. Corruption erodes public trust and confidence in institutions, wastes public resources, distorts policies and markets, hampers economic growth, fuels social injustice, and threatens national security.

One of the main causes of corruption in Pakistan is the weak rule of law and accountability. Pakistan has a complex and fragmented legal system that is often influenced by political interference, patronage networks, nepotism, favoritism, etc. The judiciary, the police, the anti-corruption agencies, etc., are not independent, efficient, or effective in enforcing the law and holding the corrupt accountable. Another cause of corruption is the lack of transparency and participation in governance. Pakistan has a low level of access to information, public consultation, civic engagement, media freedom, etc., that enable citizens to monitor and influence government decisions and actions.

One of the possible solutions to corruption in Pakistan is to strengthen the rule of law and accountability. This can be achieved by reforming the legal system to make it more coherent, consistent, and impartial; empowering the judiciary, the police, the anti-corruption agencies, etc., to perform their duties without fear or favor; enhancing the oversight and sanction mechanisms for public officials; etc. Another solution is to improve transparency and participation in governance. This can be done by implementing the right to information law; encouraging public consultation and feedback; supporting civil society and media; etc.

Terrorism is a grave problem in Pakistan that poses a threat to its peace and stability. According to the Global Terrorism Index 2020, Pakistan ranks seventh out of 163 countries in terms of the impact of terrorism, with a score of 7.861 out of 10, where 0 is no impact and 10 is highest impact. Terrorism has caused thousands of deaths and injuries, as well as massive damage to property and infrastructure, in Pakistan. Terrorism also has negative effects on social cohesion, economic development.

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Pakistan: Five major issues to watch in 2023

Subscribe to the center for middle east policy newsletter, madiha afzal madiha afzal fellow - foreign policy , center for middle east policy , strobe talbott center for security, strategy, and technology @madihaafzal.

January 13, 2023

1. Political instability, polarization, and an election year

Politics will likely consume much of Pakistan’s time and attention in 2023, as it did in 2022. The country’s turn to political instability last spring did not end with a dramatic no-confidence vote in parliament last April that ousted then Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan from office. Instability and polarization have only heightened since then: Khan has led a popular opposition movement against the incumbent coalition government and the military, staging a series of large rallies across the country through the year.

The struggle for power in Pakistan continues into 2023. While the incumbent government has not ceded to Khan’s demand for early elections, country-wide elections are constitutionally mandated to be held by October this year. It benefits the government politically to hold them off as long as it possibly can as it tries to dig itself out of Pakistan’s urgent economic crisis and its lackluster domestic performance (its diplomatic foreign policy approach has fared better, but that may not matter for elections). The last year has cost it precious political capital, and Khan’s party did very well in a set of by-elections held in July and October. The state has tried to mire Khan and his party in legal cases, relying on a familiar playbook used against opposition politicians in Pakistan, albeit to limited effect, with the courts’ involvement.

Khan’s party still controls two of Pakistan’s four provinces, Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), and the incumbent federal government’s (extra-legal) efforts to try to wrest power from it in Punjab, the largest province, have been unsuccessful (thanks to the courts). The year is off to a dramatic start, with Khan’s party initiating the process to dissolve the Punjab and KP assemblies this month to pressure the federal government into early elections.

For politics-obsessed Pakistan, the biggest question remains who will win the next general election. Will former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif (brother of current Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif) return to Pakistan to run as the head of his party, the PML-N? Can Imran Khan win on the strength of his popular support, despite his confrontation with the military? Regardless of the outcome, we can say this much given the histories of the main contenders: The direction of the country is unlikely to change.

2. A precarious economic situation

Pakistan’s economy has been in crisis for months, predating the summer’s catastrophic floods. Inflation is backbreaking, the rupee’s value has fallen sharply, and its foreign reserves have now dropped to the precariously low level of $4.3 billion, enough to cover only one month’s worth of imports, raising the possibility of default.

An economic crisis comes around every few years in Pakistan, borne out of an economy that doesn’t produce enough and spends too much, and is thus reliant on external debt. Every successive crisis is worse as the debt bill gets larger and payments become due. This year, internal political instability and the flooding catastrophe have worsened it. There is a significant external element to the crisis as well, with rising global food and fuel prices in the wake of Russia’s war in Ukraine. The combination of all these factors has spelled perhaps the greatest economic challenge Pakistan has ever seen. Yet the government has been mired in politicking, and the release of a $1.1 billion loan tranche from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) remains stalled as Islamabad has pushed back on the IMF’s conditions. The government has now resorted to limiting imports and shutting down malls and wedding halls early, small measures that fail to adequately address the problem.

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Pakistan may end up avoiding default for the time being with IMF help and loans from friendly countries, especially Saudi Arabia and other Gulf nations. But those won’t address the clear underlying malaise of the economy – and the fact that something fundamentally will need to change, in terms of how much the economy produces versus how much it spends, to avoid default down the road. But none of Pakistan’s political parties seem to have the political will or ability to bring about such change.

Pakistan must reportedly pay back $73 billion by 2025; it won’t be able to do so without debt restructuring.

3. Flood recovery

A “ monsoon on steroids ” – directly linked to climate change – caused a summer of flooding in Pakistan so catastrophic that it has repeatedly been described as biblical. It left a third of the country under water – submerging entire villages – killed more than 1,700, destroyed homes, infrastructure, and vast cropland, and left millions displaced.

More than four months after the worst of the flooding, nearly 90,000 people are still displaced from their homes, and the floodwater is still standing in some areas. It would be enormously difficult for any country to recover from such a disaster and rebuild lost infrastructure, including roads and schools, let alone a government dealing with a cash crunch like Pakistan’s.

But the Pakistani government – in particular the foreign minister Bilawal Bhutto Zardari, who has visited the United States twice since the summer, and the minister for climate change, Sherry Rehman – has done an admirable job bringing awareness of the flooding catastrophe to the world stage. A donors’ conference Sharif co-hosted with the United Nations Secretary General Antonio Guterres in Geneva this month raised pledges for more than $9 billion for flood recovery over the next three years (the money is mostly in the form of project loans). Pakistan has also played an important role in discussions about the devastating effects of climate change on developing nations, spearheading the effort to place loss and damage on the agenda at COP27 for the first time, and pushing for COP delegates in Egypt to agree to a loss and damage fund.

With billions of dollars in help promised, the government has passed one hurdle. But the road for recovery ahead will be tough: Displaced people are still sleeping under open skies in Sindh province. Implementing a sustainable recovery will require enormous capacity, resources, and transparency in a country already mired in other troubles.

4. Mounting insecurity

The Pakistani Taliban (or TTP), the terrorist group responsible for killing tens of thousands of Pakistanis from 2007 to 2014, have been emboldened – predictably so – by a Taliban-ruled Afghanistan, and once again pose a threat to Pakistan, albeit in a geographically limited region (for now). The group engaged in at least 150 attacks in Pakistan last year, mostly in the northwest. Because the TTP have sanctuary in Afghanistan, the Pakistani state increasingly finds itself out of options when it comes to dealing effectively with the group. The state’s negotiations with the TTP have failed repeatedly, as they are bound to, because the group is fundamentally opposed to the notion of the Pakistani state and constitution as it exists today. The Afghan Taliban have, unsurprisingly, also not proved to be of help in dealing with the TTP – and Pakistan’s relations with the Afghan Taliban have deteriorated significantly at the same time over other issues, including the border dividing the two countries.

At this point, Pakistan’s first preference will be to strike kinetically at TTP targets within its borders, but that will be limited by TTP movement across the border into Afghanistan. That movement is what leaves Pakistan with the difficult-to-resolve TTP issue and complicates things beyond the military operation it launched against the group in 2014. Still, the Pakistani Taliban at this point is not the biggest threat Pakistan faces, given the country’s major political and economic challenges – but left unchecked, it could morph into a significant crisis.

5. Civil-military relations

Pakistan has a new chief of army staff as of November 29 last year. General Asim Munir replaced General Qamar Javed Bajwa, who had held the all-powerful post for six years (due to a three-year extension). The appointment of the army chief was a subject of considerable political contention last year; a major part of the reason Khan was ousted from power was his falling out with the military on questions over the appointments of top army officials.

All eyes are now on how civil-military relations shape up under Munir. Under Bajwa, the military solidified its control over all manner of policy behind the scenes. Bajwa presided over a close “same-page” relationship with Khan; when that frayed, the PML-N was eager to take Khan’s place as the military’s ally and head of the civilian government. Bajwa left office saying the army would no longer be involved in political matters; few in Pakistan believe him. With politics set to dominate the agenda this year and an election imminent, Munir has a chance to show the country whether he will follow in his predecessor’s footsteps, or chart a new course for civil-military relations in Pakistan. Pakistan’s history indicates the former.

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Social Problems Of Pakistan As It Heads Into 2023

In the end, Pakistan is currently full of many social and political issues, and the talk of the problems needs lots of time and effort. But, some of the social problems above need an active approach and actual actions to hold. In the absence of this, the social problems of Pakistan continue to delay Pakistani society from making significant growth.

The  Social Problems of Pakistan  and their solutions are talked over in this article. Pakistan is a rising state facing a range of issues. The problems have a variety of sources and have a long-lasting impact on the stability of the economy and this country's overall. The social problems in Pakistan divide into various heads. For example, education is considered the most cost-effective method of defense. However, it is not upheld in the country, which has seen the literacy rate in the country drop. Therefore, the citizens will not get primary education, so they cannot power the nation. Let's discuss in detail the  major social problems of Pakistan .

8 Prevalent Social Problems Of Pakistan  

A review is conducted and carried out in the hands of the federal government of Pakistan, and that shows that the poverty rate has increased from 30 percent to 40 percent over the past 10 years. See that 40percent of the people get under the poverty line. People are not provided with life needs, like food, medicine, shelter, learning, housing, and clothing needed to live.

2- Illiteracy

Literacy refers to people who are 15 or more who can "read" and "write." In this sense,

Pakistanis publicly report having a literacy rate of 50% in the country. However, even those classified as "Literate., Can only write and read, which is considered illiteracy in today’s skills-focused world.

3- Civil Volatility

Political flux and corruption are the  prevailing social problems of Pakistan . A while ago, the people who were considered corrupt, with a sense of responsibility, were now able to rule us after a few years. And are welcomed by their new leaders with full arms. This is the main reason that the political structure in Pakistan isn't really.

View More: What Are Most Common Diseases in Pakistan

4- Overpopulation, Inflation, Unemployment

Inflation, Overpopulation, and unemployment are the main issues facing Pakistan. However,

if the figures are accurate, they could be higher than the official stated facts. The government has an estimated growth rate of 2%. For a country with a population of 160 million, Pace is counting to be about 3.2 million annually. Around 40 percent of the population is currently living in poverty, and 5.6percent of the official statistics of the people are not employed. The

Expanding number of people living in Pakistan only adds to the issues of the already under-pressure state.

5- Lawlessness

In Pakistan, there is a lawlessness issue that is a social issue. On a smaller scale, the population does not respect traffic rules, i.e., breaking traffic signals. The 'one country, 2 rules' direction is tracked to a higher degree when influential people who commit vast sums of corruption get away scot-free. In comparison, the less fortunate are given a proper penalty for committing a minor offense. So, the lack of responsibility across the board and respect for the law is seriously tarnishing Pakistan's reputation on the international stage.

6- Favoritism

Partiality refers to the act of favoriting family members or friends, mainly through the offer of jobs. Nepotism is part of the type of fraud. Because of nepotism, worthy individuals cannot be acknowledged to universities or work. In the end, intelligent and talented people can't help the country in various fields. This is the reason Pakistan is behind in a lot of areas.

7- Ferocity, Bombing

Violence comes from corner to corner in Pakistan. Women are hurt the most by home cruelty. Additionally, many violent cases in Madrassas or schools are told in the news. At the state level, activism and religious violence are typical examples. Sit-ins in Faizabad exchange Islamabad in Pakistan by TLP, and the damage of public property by some terrorist groups are significant examples of the violence of religion in Pakistan. Furthermore, Pakistan has kept on a terror target since 2001. However, the standards of terrorism have reduced considerably.

Read More About Effect of Air pollution on your health

8- Gender Discrimination

Judgment against genders has remained a major  social problem of Pakistan . As a result, women are often left out of the economic and educational sector. There are many social problems for Pakistan girls and women, including forced or early marriages, public harassment, acid attacks, and rape. Other than that, due to mental illness , girls being thrown acid incidents are increasing each day. 

Bottom Line

Please book an appointment with the best Psychiatrist in Lahore , Karachi, Islamabad, and all major cities of Pakistan through InstaCare , or call our helpline at 03100002273 to find the verified doctor for your disease.

• prevailing social problems of Pakistan
• social problems of Pakistan
• social problem of Pakistan

Frequently Asked Questions

What are social problems.

A social problem is an issue that affects lot of people within society. For Example Poverty, unemployment, unequal opportunity, racism, and malnutrition are common social problems in Pakistan.

What causes social problems?

There are several causes of Social Problems like Overpopulation, economic inequality and poverty, Illiteracy and lack of education, Gender inequality, High unemployment rates and Superstitious beliefs.

What are 3 social problems?

Poverty, Illiteracy, Overpopulation, Inflation, Unemployment

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Major Problems of Pakistan And Their Solutions

Table of Contents

Here we are going to discuss the Major Problems of Pakistan And Their Solutions which have to be sorted out in order to hold a steady position in the country’s rank. If we glance through history we find that the world has developed a lot in every field. When in-country, the size of pollution overcomes the size of available resources, then the country is called overpopulated. Pakistan is victimized by overpopulation which has been stopped its progression in every field. The total population of Pakistan was 3.25 crore in 1947 in former West Pakistan. It rose to 6.551 crores in 1972.  It has now crossed the figure of 15 crores in 2016. Now a day Pakistan has become the most populous country in the world. Well, there are many other problems of Pakistan like corruption, the use of hush money, and the bad sense of rich and poor. The rich are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer due to unequaled treatment in the community. So, have a look at some major problems of the country.

There are many major problems in Pakistan some problems are very highlighted and everyone well aware of them. So that is Corruption , unemployment , Populations , Transportation , Water issues , Political Failure , Judicial System, and Mass Media.  These are the major and common problems in Pakistan but we have said that many of the silent major problems exist. Other silent major problems is going to mentioned below.

Effect of Overpopulation

There are the following conditions to define overpopulation obstacle in Pakistan which we discussed below:

• The danger for Economic Development
• Low per capita income
• Low rate of saving
• Problems for the education sector
• Housing problems
• Transportation problems
• Food shortage
• Population & Environment
• Population & capital formation
• Problems for the agricultural sector
• Unemployment
• To provide more recreation
• Electricity Crisis In Pakistan

Overpopulation is a great danger for economic development as it swallows up the progress made by the economic sector. With the increase in population, there is low capital income in the country which badly affects the economy of the country. There per capita income of Pakistan is 479 dollars compared to 27000 dollars in Japan and 14000 dollars in Singapore

Unemployment 

raise in the number of population generate unemployment. Yes of course! it is because whenever there are 10 vacancies are lying vacant, there are 100 applications are submitted on it. In this condition there are 90 candidates are left who don’t have a job. So unemployment also generates some other obstacles like below…

Corruption is one of the biggest problems in the country. Peoples are coercing to use the hush money when they have done a job. In this problem, our authorities are also somehow involved in it. Whenever someone is in crisis and he really needs a job to meet his family’s expenses he will do everything to obtain a job and in this case, the authorities demand black money to grant a job to them.

When a country becomes overpopulated then its rate of saving becomes very low, as a result of which there is low investment & unemployment in the country.  The rate of saving in Pakistan is only 15% which is very low overpopulation creates a great problem in the education sector because proper facilities are not available for the whole of the population.  Overpopulation also creates a housing problem because given. Resources are not sufficient to proved houses to the whole of the population.

Results on the Economy of Pakistan

Overpopulation also creates a problem of transportation because Govt. resources are not sufficient to provide better transport facilities to the whole of the population whine a country becomes overpopulated, there is a food shortage in the country because its resources are not sufficient to meet the needs of the people. Overpopulation creates air, water & noise pollution in the environment & in this way, badly affects the environment & in this way, badly affects the environment. When a country becomes overpopulated, then its rate of saving becomes very low as a result of which rate of investment also falls which in return, reduces the capital formation in the country. Our farmers are very poor & increased in population badly affects their financial position because of this, they are not in a position to buy modern technology & machinery or other agricultural implements.

Major Problems Solutions

When a country becomes overpopulated, then its rate of savings also becomes very low as a result of which there is low investment & unemployment in the country which badly affects the economy. Overpopulation can be controlled if most of the people are educated. Educated people can easily understand and feel the benefits of family planning.  It is, of course, the need of the hour to educate our masses. As overpopulation is swallowing up all the economic progress made by the country so the Govt. Pakistan is taking a keen interest in solve the Major Problems of Pakistan of overpopulation by educating the people & making effective use of its resources. Every year a large sum of money is spent on population planning programs to solve the problem of overpopulation.

All the Social problems of pakistan and their solutions have mentioned and those students who are preparing the CSS firstly will read content about these topics. Becasue many times these topics have come in exam.

I am professional education consultant and Teacher, my primary goal is to support students in accessing educational services through Pakistan's rapidly expanding educational website. I strive to provide valuable guidance and assistance to help students make informed decisions about their academic paths and future careers.

13 Comments

Problem related to the very first year of Pakistan

ALLAH IS RAZIQ : Muslims have a solid belief that God gives food to everyone to an ant living in a stone.so,why they reduce the size of family.if a person gives zakat and alms to poor people who are deserve for that so,no body should be left poor.see the dynesty of UMAR FAROOQ.

i think over population iz a major problem in pakistan……….All incidents occurs due to overpopulation……..

I think major reason of increase in population in Pakistan is due to lack of education, peoples are not aware how to control & educate their children. Government should invest more money to educate people.We should think at individual level to control population.

I think by good planning and devicing a way to manage the population, we can make the population a woking force. More the population is, more will be the outcome of the work. Population is certainly not an issue, issue is the corruption, lack of planning, unwise use of resources, etc.

my region problem is mismangement of all programe.if we properly fellow rule e regualation in our country then our country or by ur self u feel that devoping in our courtey.be honest be active in this world

its the responsibility of each and every individual to follow against the above effects it may help us in decreasing overpopulation

Its not merely a Pakistan problem. Its a subcontinent problem.

Between India, Pakistan and Bangladesh there are 1.6 billion people. This will double in 40 years! Probably sooner, unless something drastic happens.

all r corect. education can change the minds of people

I think the rerason of overlimit population in pakistan is Lack of aeducation.In backword areas people think if they born many child then they also earn more money but thy can’t understand in this way ourresources will be also divided.Only one thing change them mind and That is (EDUCATION)

I think the reason of growth a population in Pakistan is lack of Education.Our 50 Percent population is uneducated .In backword areas people think if they born many people then they earned more money but they can’t understand if population ‘ll be increase then our resources will be also divided.

overpopulation in Pakistan is also a threat for our National Security

Lack of proper education in pakistan is one of the common problem due to which most of the guys from that location are opting the field which is not acceptable in human society. I think , education is the only key which can divert the current situation of Pakistan

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Social Problem in Pakistan

Filed Under: Essays Tagged With: Pakistan

1. Poverty 2. Illiteracy 3.Terrorism 4.Food and water crisis 5.Population growth 6.Poor health facilities 7.Internal and international migration 8.Discrimination of Sex 9.democracy in shape of dictatorship 10.unloyal leaders 11.Foregin debt 12.Child labor 13.Deviant behavior 14.discourage the rules of law from government representatives 15.inflation 16.Injustice 17.Smuggling 18.Drug abuse

← Introduction of the problem: Education is considered as the cheapest defense of a nation The Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan says, “The state of Pakistan shall remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum possible period.” count

← Literacy rate: 49.9% educated populace ( Human development Report Pakistan) placed at 136th position for having just.

← The primary completion rate in Pakistan, given by Date Center of UNESCO, is 33.8% in females and 47.18% in males, which shows that people in the 6th largest country of the world are unable to get the basic education Reason

← Unequal education system

← Different medium of instruction in Public and private sector

← Regional disparity (standard of education varies in different provinces of Pakistan)

← In FATA, the literacy rate is deplorable constituting 29.5% in males and 3% in females

← Gender discrimination: primary school ratio of boys & girls which is 10:4 respectively.

← lack of technical education

The Essay on Pakistan: A Weak State

After independence from the British in 1947, President Mohammad Ali Jinnah’s vision for Pakistan was very clear: he wanted peace, good governance, tolerance and a state able to adhere to a rule of law. Unfortunately, this vision was never transformed into reality; the nation created as a home for the British India’s Muslims six decades ago today represent one of the world most troubling states in ...

← the allocation of funds for education are very low. It is only 1.5 to 2.0 percent of the total GDP.

← Untrained and non professional teachers

← Govt. should take following measures:

← Increase education budget

← Establish more schools and appoint qualified and trained teachers

← . Technical education must be given to all the classes.

← Promote primary education

← Pakistan plays a key and highly conflicted–role in the global war on terror. Today terrorism is threatening the very roots and fabric of Pakistan’s nationhood. More tragically, terrorism in Pakistan draws its justification from the very faith which provides the country its ideological bases.

← The major causes of Terrorism in Pakistan are:

← 1- Political Instability

← 2- Economic Conditions

← 3- Standard of Living

← 4- Religious Extremism

← The real solution is to kill the root of Terrorism and systematically change the attitude of those people’s who are involved in terrorism

← – Military operations against terrorists are also very necessary.

← Education, Justice, Pour politics can stop the Terrorism.. Count

← Preventing and resolving conflicts with Talibans and other religious groups.

← Strengthening the protection of weak targets.

← A fully demarcated border with Afghanistan which will prevent the foreign intrusion in the country.

← The government should enter into serious negotiations with Washington on the issues of drone attacks so that our sovereignty should be preserved as we reserve the right to undertake actions on our own land.

← A concrete time-table of withdrawal from Afghanistan needs to be announced by the U.S led forces Water crises

← We are facing the crisis of water nowadays.

← The increase in demand due to population growth, and infrequent rainfall, is aggravating the situation day by day .

← Insufficient no. of reservoir is also one of the cause of water crisis.

← Perpetual

silting of water reservoirs, lakes, canals, rivers and waterways is one of the major reasons of shrinking water storage capacity.

The problem has now reached a critical decision-making stage. There are two obvious solutions to the problem: 1. Make new water reservoirs to make up for the depleting capacity of old reservoirs, as well as to cater for increase in demand. 2. Maintain the storage capacity of old reservoirs. Make new reservoirs only to meet the requirement of additional demand.

The Term Paper on Pakistan’s Need for Water Reservoirs

Pakistan’s Need for Water Reservoirs Pakistan has been blessed with a rich water resource which has helped the economic development of the country mainly through agriculture. Pakistan has a long and proud history of the development of water resources and the infrastructure for delivering water to where it is needed, including the vast Indus Plain, constituting the largest contiguous irrigation ...

Food crises

← The world’s financial experts have placed Pakistan on a list of 36 countries that face a serious food crisis

← it has two sides; one is unavailability of edibles and second is soaring prices due to gap in demand and supply of edibles.

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What are the Social Problems in Pakistan and its Solution

Table of contents toggle what are the social problems in pakistan and its solution:   poverty: illiteracy: corruption: terrorism:, what are the social problems in pakistan and its solution:.

Pakistan is a country with a rich history, culture, and diversity. It is also a country with many challenges and opportunities. As the sixth most populous country in the world, with over 220 million people. Pakistan faces a range of social, economic, political, and environmental problems that affect its development and stability. Some of these problems include poverty, illiteracy, corruption, terrorism, health care, etc. These problems not only hinder Pakistan’s progress and prosperity, but also threaten its security and sovereignty.

Therefore, it is crucial to identify and address these problems and their recommended solutions in order to improve the quality of life for Pakistanis and ensure a peaceful and prosperous future for Pakistan. In this article, we will discuss some of the major problems in Pakistan and their recommended solutions. We will analyze the causes and effects of each problem, and propose some possible ways to solve them. We will also highlight some of the benefits and challenges of implementing these solutions. Our goal is to raise awareness and inspire action among Pakistanis and other stakeholders who care about Pakistan’s well-being.

Poverty is one of the most pervasive and persistent problems in Pakistan. According to the World Bank, about 24% of Pakistan’s population lives below the national poverty, which means that they cannot afford basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter, education, and health care. Poverty is also unevenly distributed across regions, genders, and ethnic groups, with rural areas, women, and minorities being more vulnerable to poverty than urban areas, men, and majorities. Poverty has many negative consequences for individuals and society, such as malnutrition, disease, illiteracy, crime, violence, social exclusion, etc.

One of the main causes of poverty in Pakistan is the lack of economic opportunities and growth. Pakistan’s economy has been struggling with low productivity, high inflation, fiscal deficits, trade imbalances, debt burdens, etc. The Covid-19 pandemic has further worsened the economic situation by disrupting businesses, trade, tourism, remittances, etc.

Another cause of poverty is the unequal distribution of resources and wealth among different segments of society. Pakistan has a high level of income inequality, with the richest 10% of the population owning 27% of the total income. Moreover, there are significant disparities in access to land, water, energy, education, health care, etc., among different regions and groups.

One of the possible solutions to poverty in Pakistan is to promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth that creates more jobs and income for the poor. This can be achieved by investing in infrastructure development, industrialization, agriculture modernization, innovation, Another solution is to improve social protection and welfare systems that provide basic services and support to the poor and vulnerable.

This can be done by expanding social safety nets such as cash transfers (e.g., Ehsaas program ), food subsidies (e.g., Utility Stores), health insurance (e.g: Sehat Sahulat program ), etc. Moreover, there is a need to reform the tax system to make it more progressive and equitable so that the rich pay their fair share of taxes and the poor benefit from public spending.

Illiteracy:

Illiteracy is another major problem in Pakistan that affects its human development and potential. According to UNESCO, Pakistan has an adult literacy rate of 59%, which means that 41% of its population aged 15 years and above cannot read or write. The literacy rate is even lower for women (46%) than for men (71%), reflecting the gender gap in education. Illiteracy limits the opportunities and capabilities of individuals and society in various aspects such as employment, health care , civic participation , etc.

One of the main causes of illiteracy in Pakistan is the lack of access to quality education for all. Pakistan has one of the lowest public spending on education in the world , at only 2.4% of its GDP. As a result , there are not enough schools , teachers , textbooks , facilities , etc., to meet the demand for education , especially in rural areas , where 70% of out-of-school children live. Another cause of illiteracy is the socio-cultural barriers that prevent many children , especially girls , from attending school . These include poverty , child labor , early marriage , gender discrimination , religious extremism , etc.

One of the possible solutions to illiteracy in Pakistan is to increase public investment in education and ensure its efficient allocation and utilization . This can be done by raising more revenues from taxes and donors , allocating more funds to education , improving governance and accountability in the education sector , etc. Another solution is to improve the quality and relevance of education and make it more inclusive and equitable for all . This can be done by standardizing the curriculum and assessment , training and retaining qualified teachers , providing adequate learning materials and resources , enhancing the use of technology and innovation , promoting girls’ education and gender equality , etc.

Corruption:

Corruption is a serious problem in Pakistan that undermines its democracy and development. According to Transparency International, Pakistan ranks 124 out of 180 countries in the Corruption Perceptions Index 2020, with a score of 31 out of 100, where 0 is highly corrupt and 100 is very clean. Corruption affects all sectors and levels of government, as well as the private sector and civil society, in Pakistan. Corruption erodes public trust and confidence in institutions, wastes public resources, distorts policies and markets, hampers economic growth, fuels social injustice, and threatens national security.

One of the main causes of corruption in Pakistan is the weak rule of law and accountability. Pakistan has a complex and fragmented legal system that is often influenced by political interference, patronage networks, nepotism, favoritism, etc. The judiciary, the police, the anti-corruption agencies, etc., are not independent, efficient, or effective in enforcing the law and holding the corrupt accountable. Another cause of corruption is the lack of transparency and participation in governance. Pakistan has a low level of access to information, public consultation, civic engagement, media freedom, etc., that enable citizens to monitor and influence government decisions and actions.

One of the possible solutions to corruption in Pakistan is to strengthen the rule of law and accountability. This can be achieved by reforming the legal system to make it more coherent, consistent, and impartial; empowering the judiciary, the police, the anti-corruption agencies, etc., to perform their duties without fear or favor; enhancing the oversight and sanction mechanisms for public officials; etc. Another solution is to improve transparency and participation in governance. This can be done by implementing the right to information law; encouraging public consultation and feedback; supporting civil society and media; etc.

Terrorism is a grave problem in Pakistan that poses a threat to its peace and stability. According to the Global Terrorism Index 2020, Pakistan ranks seventh out of 163 countries in terms of the impact of terrorism, with a score of 7.861 out of 10, where 0 is no impact and 10 is highest impact. Terrorism has caused thousands of deaths and injuries, as well as massive damage to property and infrastructure, in Pakistan. Terrorism also has negative effects on social cohesion, economic development.

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Mahnoor Amjad

Mahnoor, is a qualified Business Administrator having expertise in Human Resource Management and Social Media Management. For any assistance related to HR, Finance and Entrepreneurship reach out to me at Email: [email protected]

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Keeping democratic institutions strong. Pakistan has faced major challenges in its socioeconomic situation over past seventy years. However, not all problems have been overcome. The key problems of today include: water scarcity; the lack of sustainable development projects; an increasingly unemployed youth population; the lack of focus on human ...

Corruption: Corruption is a serious problem in Pakistan that undermines its democracy and development. According to Transparency International, Pakistan ranks 124 out of 180 countries in the Corruption Perceptions Index 2020, with a score of 31 out of 100, where 0 is highly corrupt and 100 is very clean. Corruption affects all sectors and ...

The present research deals with the analysis Pakistani society’s Problems, causes and solutions in the Islamic Perspective. Pakistan is to take the right direction and transform itself into a ...

Essay On Social Issues

500 words essay on social issues.

Social Issues is an undesirable state which opposes society or a certain part of society. It refers to an unwanted situation that frequently results in problems and continues to harm society . Social issues can cause a lot of problems that can be beyond the control of just one person. Through an essay on social issues, we will learn why they are harmful and what types of social issues we face.

Drawbacks of Social Issues

Social issues have a lot of drawbacks that harms our society. They are situations that have an adverse and damaging result on our society. They arise when the public leaves nature or society from an ideal situation.

If you look closely, you will realize that almost all types of social issues have common origins. In the sense that they all are interconnected somehow. Meaning to say, if one solves the other one is also most likely to resolve.

Social issues have a massive lousy effect on our society and ultimately, it affects all of us. In order to solve some social issues, we need a common approach. No society is free from social issues, almost every one of them has some social issue or the other.

For instance, in India, you will find a lot of social issues which the country is facing. It ranges from the caste system to child labour and gender inequality to religious conflicts. Thus, we are going through a critical time where we all must come together to free our society from undesirable social evils.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Major Social Issues

There are a lot of social issues we are facing right now, some more prominent than the others. First of all, poverty is a worldwide issue. It gives birth to a lot of other social issues which we must try to get away with at the earliest.

Further, countries like India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and more are facing the issue of the caste system since times unknown. It results in a lot of caste violence and inequality which takes the lives of many on a daily basis.

Moreover, child labour is another major social issue that damages the lives of young children. Similarly, illiteracy also ruins the lives of many by destroying their chances of a bright future.

In developing countries mostly, child marriage still exists and is responsible for ruining many lives. Similarly, dowry is a very serious and common social issue that almost all classes of people partake in.

Another prominent social issue is gender inequality which takes away many opportunities from deserving people. Domestic violence especially against women is a serious social issue we must all fight against.

Other social issues include starvation, child sex abuse, religious conflicts, child trafficking, terrorism , overpopulation, untouchability, communalism and many more. It is high time we end these social issues.

Conclusion of the Essay on Social Issues

A society can successfully end social issues if they become adamant. These social issues act as a barrier to the progress of society. Thus, we must all come together to fight against them and put them to an end for the greater good.

FAQ on Essay on Social Issues

Question 1: What is the meaning of social problem?

Answer 1: A social problem refers to any condition or behaviour which has a negative impact on a large number of people. It is normally recognized as a condition or behaviour that needs to be addressed.

Question 2: What are the effects of social issues?

Answer 2: Social issues affect our society adversely. Most importantly, it disturbs the harmony of society and gives rise to hostility and suspicion. Moreover, it creates large-scale social dissatisfaction, suffering and misery.

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Venezuela broke its HPV vaccine promises, and there’s barely any sex ed. Experts say it’s a problem

Patients’ shadows are cast on a wall at a Doctors Without Borders medical clinic in Putucual, Venezuela, Wednesday, Jan. 10, 2024.(AP Photo/Matias Delacroix).

A community health worker teaches a group of women and teenage girls about contraception methods, at a Doctors Without Borders medical clinic, in Putucual, Venezuela, Wednesday, Jan. 10, 2024. The health worker also asked what they knew about HPV. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)

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Patients’ shadows are cast on a wall at a Doctors Without Borders medical clinic in Putucual, Venezuela, Wednesday, Jan. 10, 2024. A group of women and teenage girls visited the medical clinic in eastern Venezuela for free contraceptives where a community health worker taught them how to use an IUD, condoms and birth control pills correctly and about HPV infections. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix).

Patients wait their turn to enter a Doctors without Borders medical clinic in Putucual, Venezuela, Wednesday, Jan. 10, 2024. The women and teenage girls came to the medical clinic in eastern Venezuela for free contraceptives where a community health worker taught them how to use an IUD, condoms and birth control pills correctly and about HPV infections. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)

A patient receives a birth control implant at a Doctors without Borders medical clinic in Putucual, Venezuela, Wednesday, Jan. 10, 2024. A group of women and teenage girls visited the medical clinic in eastern Venezuela where a community health worker taught them how to use an IUD, condoms and birth control pills correctly and about HPV infections. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)

A community health worker teaches a group of women and teenage girls about contraception methods, at a Doctors Without Borders medical clinic, in Putucual, Venezuela, Wednesday, Jan. 10, 2024. The health worker also asked them what they knew about HPV. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)

A patient looks at a birth control injection at a Doctors without Borders medical clinic in Putucual, Venezuela, Wednesday, Jan. 10, 2024. A group of women and teenage girls visited the medical clinic in eastern Venezuela where a community health worker taught them how to use an IUD, condoms and birth control pills correctly and about HPV infections. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)

A patient leaves with a box of complimentary condoms after visiting the Doctors Without Borders medical clinic in Putucual, Venezuela, Wednesday, Jan. 10, 2024. While there she attended a discussion led by a community health worker who taught women and teenage girls how to use an IUD, condoms and birth control pills correctly and about HPV infections. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)

PUTUCUAL, Venezuela (AP) — Some of the 10 women and teenage girls who recently came to a medical clinic in eastern Venezuela for free contraceptives fidgeted a bit when a community health worker taught them how to use an IUD, condoms and birth control pills correctly.

The health worker also asked what they knew about HPV , the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world and the cause of nearly all cervical cancer. The women, ages 16 to 33 — two of whom had traveled to Putucual by boat and bus — only one had learned about human papillomavirus in middle school. The rest had talked about it with friends or cousins, but never their parents.

None knew HPV vaccines exist, even though Venezuelan pediatricians have long recommended giving all children the vaccine starting at age 9.

Venezuela’s government has repeatedly broken its promise to provide the shots for free, and many public-school teachers don’t follow the requirement to teach sex ed. President Nicolás Maduro ‘s administration claims the well-being of youth and women is a priority, but the onus is on parents to talk to their kids about HPV and pay for the vaccines at private clinics. That’s out of reach for most in a country where private-sector workers earn $202 a month on average, and public employees’ monthly minimum wage is $3.60 plus $100 in bonuses.

Most HPV infections are asymptomatic and go away without treatment. But some can lead to genital warts and cancers, primarily of the cervix, but also of the anus, penis and throat.

Official health care statistics are elusive in Venezuela , making it virtually impossible to know the rate of HPV infection or how many people have been vaccinated either privately or by nongovernmental organizations. HPV vaccine coverage estimates from the World Health Organization show a blank space for Venezuela.

In 2022, Maduro’s administration estimated 30% of Venezuelan women are affected by cancer-causing strains of HPV. But the Ministry of Popular Power for Health did not publicly provide the data nor historical figures to show how the rate may have changed.

Health care professionals in the South American country told The Associated Press that the government’s figure is an undercount.

“With HPV, all governments have a social and moral debt to the female population,” said Dr. Carlos Cabrera, an OB-GYN in private practice and director of the maternal fetal medicine program at the Central University of Venezuela. “But people don’t like to talk about sexual and reproductive health.”

When HPV shots first hit the market in the mid-2000s, the oil-dependent state’s coffers were flush. The price of oil — Venezuela’s most valuable resource — was steadily climbing and the country produced more than a million barrels a day. In 2009, doctors urged the government of President Hugo Chávez to introduce the HPV vaccine into the country, but they were ignored.

In 2015, Ministry of Health officials appeared ready to start offering HPV shots, mentioning in the agency’s annual performance report that the country’s vaccine schedule would include them and they “would be administered starting in 2016.” By this time, Venezuela’s budget holes due to financial mismanagement were apparent, but U.S. economic sanctions had not yet crippled the oil industry.

Venezuela’s last vaccine promise came in late 2022 after it reached an agreement with GAVI, a public-private global alliance that helps poor countries procure vaccinations. Government officials said shipments were expected for 2023, but no shots were distributed then, and they are also not listed among those being offered during national vaccination week.

The Ministry of Popular Power for Communication and Information did not respond to questions from the AP about the status of the vaccines, including reasons for the delay.

GAVI, whose assistance is time-limited and requires government funding commitments, said in a statement that Venezuela “reconfirmed its ... intent” to introduce the HPV vaccine in November 2023. It did not answer the AP’s question about when it expected the first shots to arrive, saying only that rolling out vaccines takes preparation time.

A patient looks at a birth control injection at a Doctors without Borders medical clinic in Putucual, Venezuela, Wednesday, Jan. 10, 2024. (AP Photo/Matias Delacroix)

The health ministry’s vaccination schedule still does not list the HPV vaccine. But that has not stopped state television from occasionally airing a two-minute cartoon of a Maduro-lookalike superhero — “Super Mustache” — whose adversaries are accused of wanting to “destroy everything” in Venezuela, including the “vaccines for the youngest women.” Globally, girls and young women are the primary demographic for the HPV shot.

Private practices in Venezuela that obtain the vaccine through importers sell it for $100 or more, depending on the brand and city, and recommend one or two boosters — which cost extra. Very few can afford that in a country where paychecks of public and private-sector employees aren’t enough to cover a month of food for a family of four, which exceeds $350.

Awareness about HPV is another issue: Public schools used to teach about STIs, giving students a chance to ask questions that they might not have felt comfortable bringing to their parents.

But educators now largely ignore the requirement to teach the subject — either due to personal beliefs or because meager pay forces teachers to find second or third jobs, to the point that they’re not in the classroom five days a week.

“In theory, on paper, we have a decent sex education program that adheres to international standards, with correct messages,” said Dr. Lila Vega, a pediatrician and member of the Network of Mothers, Fathers and Representatives of Venezuela, an NGO that promotes the participation of parents and guardians in schools. “But in reality, we are not even teaching addition and subtraction, and sex education is not a priority.”

Under Chávez, the ministries of education and culture edited and printed several free textbooks. “Life and Comprehensive Health” for seventh graders had lengthy explanations on teen pregnancy, birth control methods and the cancer risks posed by HPV infections. It included an image of “possible lesions caused by HPV.”

Maduro’s administration last printed the textbooks in 2015. Education officials later set up a digital library to which teachers can refer students, but the health book was never uploaded. Some teachers still share a PDF version of the book with their students, and others refer kids to old copies in school libraries.

Adriana Yeguez, 33, who participated in the session at the clinic in Putucual run by the global medical charity Doctors Without Borders, believes adolescents like her 16-year-old son need more information than what they can get on their own or at school. So, she and her partner are talking to him about HPV.

“We do talk to him, especially about infections,” Yeguez said. “What if he gets one? Imagine that! What if there’s no cure or treatment? What if we don’t have money?”

In some Latin American countries, studies showed a lack of parental knowledge about HPV was an obstacle to vaccination. And in Venezuela, physicians say parents and governments also resist the vaccine due to cultural taboos and the false notion that girls will see it as a ticket to promiscuity.

The vaccine prevents more than 90% of cancers caused by HPV. Yuly Remolina, a researcher and oncologist in Mexico City, believes that statistic is the best argument for why governments should provide the shots and parents and young adults should seek them out.

“It is incredible to continue seeing young patients with cervical cancer who cannot be operated on, who have to be given chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and who end up dying of it,” said Remolina, who sees patients from Venezuela, Colombia and other Latin American countries.

It’s why Daniel Rojas, a community health worker at the Putucual clinic, urged the women and teens to seek medical attention if they suspect an HPV infection: “Don’t let the days go by just thinking ‘Maybe yes, maybe no.’”