write an essay outline on road accident in nigeria

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In this post, we look at the 10 common causes of road accidents in Nigeria. Accidents are unplanned events that lead to undesirable causes.

Even though accidents are unplanned events, it doesn’t mean that that they can’t be prevented. When caution and preventive measures are thrown into the wind, accidents are likely to occur.

The rate at which accidents occur in Nigeria today is very alarming, no fewer than 2,598 Nigerians died in road accidents between October, 2017 and March, 2018.

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It is important to know that apart from the apparent loss of life’s, accidents can also affect the economy of a country in terms of insurance coverage and a host of others.

Below are 10 major causes of accidents with preventive tips:

1. poor functional roads.

Many accidental occurance while driving in Nigeria is as a result of bad roads. Many of our roads are inaccessible, too narrow, not developed, full of potholes.

Sometimes we drive totally blind in the night because there is a lack of street lights. All this are contributing factors to the increase in accident rate in Nigeria.

It is important for the government to fix bad roads, expand more roads and provide street lights to enhance safety in driving.

Read Also: 9 Steps to Obtain Driver’s License in Nigeria

2. Bad vehicle/motor maintenance culture in Nigeria

Many people fail to engage in simple maintenance check and servicing of their vehicle such as the break, tires, steering etc.

It is important to check this things because they are major causes of road accidents, and checking them can prevent loss of life’s and properties.

3. Poor driving behaviour

Many Nigerian usually throw caution into the wind when driving. They drive recklessly trying to overtake other’s like it’s a car race competition, and also fail to adhere to simple traffic and driving rules and regulations.

Sometimes you see drivers who drive in the opposite direction of a road thereby endangering their lives and that of others. It is important for drivers to adhere to the rules and regulations governing driving in Nigeria.

4. Lack of proper driving education

Many drivers didn’t even go through driving school, so they are not well informed about certain driving rules, skills and safety tips.

This can include simple things like using seat-belt, having a fire extinguisher in your car, checking your car before usage, the right side of the road to overtake, speed limit according to the type of road and a host of others.

5. Driving under influence and over speeding

You might have heard this phrases before “don’t drink while driving” this are simple safety tips that when ignored can lead to destructive and devastating accidents.

Driving under influence can affect the concentration and performance of a driver, this is because drugs like alcohol, marijuana and a host of others interfere with brain activity.

For instance when alcohol is taken, the first place it hits is the cerebellum which controls our sense of balance and movement, this is the reason people begin to stagger and loose balance when they are drunk.

It is important for people who get drunk or are under the influence of drug use not to drive, instead they call a cab or a friend to drive them.

Read Also: 10 Safety Tips that could save your life this end of the Year

6. Improperly planned road network

Most of our roads in Nigeria are not well planed, in that there are little alternative routes to take during traffic congestion.

An example is the accident which involved a petroleum tanker that exploded at the ojodu-berger area of lagos state, where over 50 cars exploded, 9 lives lost and four injured as a result of the explosion.

The ojodu-berger route is known to have a lot of traffic congestion as a result of the number of people moving in and out of lagos.

Another thing is our petroleum tankers should not be moving on the road like that because in advanced countries, they are supposed to move in rails.

More alternative roots should be created and special kind of roads should be done for the transportation of certain environmentally hazardous products.

7. Bad weather and human error

Many road or air accidents are as a result of bad weather which the driver can be aware of or not. Driving or flying in an unfriendly weather condition can be a culprit in accidents.

Citing the sosoliso air crash which occurred on 10 December 2005, bad weather conditions and human error also contributed to the Sosoliso crash, because investigators found that failure to disclose the accurate weather conditions to the crew was the major factor in the cause of the accident.

8 . It is not uncommon for drivers who drive for a long period of time to become tired and exhausted, but because they want to get to their destination on time, they then push their body over its limits which can be dangerous during driving because a driver could fall asleep while driving which could cause accidents leading to death, injuries and loss of properties.

It is important for drivers to always pay attention to their body, so when they feel tired they should find a good spot to park and rest till their body is rejuvenates.

9 . Use of mobile devices and gadgets while driving

Even with several warnings from government agencies concerning transportation, people still engage in dangerous behaviours such as making calls when driving, reading and replying text messages, driving while watching videos from the car.

This reckless behaviours can cause disastrous accidents because even a split second lack of concentration while driving can have grave consequences.

It is important to do away with mobile devices and gadgets while driving, because this helps the driver focus and can drastically reduce the chances of an accidental occurrence.

Read Also: 10 Problems of Transportation in Nigeria

10 . Over speeding

Have you ever heard the phrase “speed kills” well except you’re a car racer of which you’re not, speed really does kill.

Certain roads or high ways have certain set  speed limits for your protection, and when disobeyed can lead to accidents because it is not uncommon for a drink to loose control of a car due to over speeding. Drivers should avoid going too fast or over the speed limit in other not to loose control while driving.

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ROAD TRAFFIC CRASHES IN NIGERIA: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES

Accident don’t just happen, they are caused. In other words, every accident in relation transport is not just a mere occurrence but has been instituted as a result of one factor or the other. The increasing magnitude of fatal road traffic accident globally has been attributed to population explosion and increased level of motorization. Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death in adolescent and people in the prime age. There has been an upsurge in the proportion and absolute number of traffic fatalities witnessed in a number of developing countries while the industrial nations are witnessing downward trend in the occurrence of accident by more than 20% [13]. This paper examines road traffic accident problems in Nigeria. The causes of accidents and their general preventive measures are discussed. There is need to view road traffic accident as a very serious issue requiring urgent attention aimed at preventing untimely deaths, reducing the health, social and economic impacts it portends to the average Nigerian.

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Road transport is the most commonly used mode of transportation in Nigeria today. Road traffic depends on the pattern of human settlements, accounting for more than 90 per cent of the sub-sector's contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It is evident that the rate of road crashes in Nigeria is on the increase due to several factors which needed to be addressed. The morbidity and mortality burden in developing countries is rising due to a combination of factors, including rapid motorisation, poor road and traffic infrastructure as well as the behaviour of road users. In 2016, 5,053 Nigerians got killed from a total of 9690, while a total of 30,105 Nigerians got injured. Also in the first quarter of 2017, 2556 RTC were recorded and 1,466 Nigerians got killed while 8672 Nigerian got injured. In 2016, 387 Road Traffic Crashes were recorded in Ogun State while 279 were killed and 1366 got injured (FRSC, 2016). It is not entirely the poor deplorable condition of Nigeria roads that cause incessant road traffic crashes but a large proportion can be attributed to the carelessness and negligence of its road users.

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There has been an increase in the occurrence of road accidents over the years with the vehicle-accidents as one of the highest rated causes of accidents in Nigeria. In this regard, information on “vehicle-caused” accidents and its effects is required in order to proffer solutions and preventive measures in avoiding consequent deaths. This data article therefore presents the data on road accidents caused by vehicles within a 5-year period: 2010 – 2015. The degree of these accidents is categorized as minor, fatal and serious as the highest degree and the types of vehicles involved in these accidents are also presented and analyzed with the use of tables and graphs with a view to easily extract useful deductions needed to make informed decisions

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The increasing level of road traffic accidents in Plateau State and the consequent injuries and deaths strengthened the case for its regular analysis. There is a generally increasing incidence, morbidity and mortality rates of road traffic accidents. Majority of mortalities and morbidities occur in developing Countries. Worldwide, road traffic accidents lead to deaths and disability as well as financial cost to both society and the individual involved. The causes of road traffic accidents are not just human error or driver negligence. Unfortunately, Nigerian highways are arguably one of the worst and most dangerous in the world. Road traffic accident in Plateau State, Nigeria has not received the attention warranted. Reviewing literature on road traffic accidents and their impact and using the time-series description method, road traffic accidents showed an upward trend and significant seasonal influences. Using chi-square test showed there were significant differences among the various causes of accidents and accident cases (Minor, fatal and serious) with respect to types of vehicles involved over the years. Articles were sort from public libraries, as well as online through internet search engines and relevant information extracted. There is need to view road traffic accident as an issue that needs urgent attention aimed at reducing the health, social and economic impacts. Data on recorded cases of road traffic accidents was collected from the Motor Traffic Division (MTD), Divisional Headquarters, Jos, Plateau State Police Command. Out of 5921 accident cases, reckless driving, inexperience and mechanical fault and road defects accounted for 30.3, 21.5 and 21.1%, respectively. Two motorcycles, motorcycle-vehicle and vehicle-vehicle crashes are the lead types and have resulted in 38.9, 37.5 and 14.9% of the 855 deaths recorded within the period of study. Furthermore, the study showed that private cars, minibuses and taxis accounted for most of the accidents with 94.7% of the total accidents.

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The increasing level of road traffic crash (RTC) in Kano metropolitan and the consequent of injuries and fatalities necessitate the need for its regular analysis. In the present study, data on recorded cases of RTC were collected from Federal road safety corps Kano. The data comprises of some fatal, severe and minor RTCs, the number of people involved, killed or injured with the classification of their gender and age, type of the vehicle involved and probable cause of RTC from the year 2009 to 2015. A total of 642 RTCs involving 3,019 people and 978 vehicles were recorded in Kano metropolis from 2009-2015. On average, every nine days a person is killed and 14 people are injured in road traffic accidents in Kano metropolitan. It was found that for every 7 RTCs reported, 3 people are killed while 18 people get injured. The accident rate of Kano city is 3 per 100,000 populations lower than the world average of 18 per 100,000. It was also found that male adults are four times more involved in RTC than female adults. The results of the study also showed that children account for 7% of all people involved in Road traffic accidents in Kano. It was found that 66% of the people killed in road traffic accidents are male adults while 22% are female adults and, female and male children account for 9% and 3%. About 37% of all the accidents occurred on motorcycles and 32% on passenger cars. A person on a motorcycle is 2 times and 12 times more likely to be involved in RTC than those on bus and tricycle respectively. Commercial vehicles are 253% and 710% more involved in RTC than private and official vehicles respectively. Out of the 642 RTC cases recorded within the study period. Reckless driving, vehicle condition and road environment accounts for 85%, 10% and 5% of the accidents. The safety can be enhanced by improved law enforcement and use of speed calming measures.

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There has been an increase in the occurrence of road accidents over the years with the vehicle-accidents as one of the highest rated causes of accidents in Nigeria. In this regard, information on "vehicle-caused" accidents and its effects is required in order to proffer solutions and preventive measures in avoiding consequent deaths. This data article therefore presents the data on road accidents caused by vehicles within a 5-year period: 2010-2015. The degree of these accidents is categorized as minor, fatal and serious as the highest degree and the types of vehicles involved in these accidents are also presented and analyzed with the use of tables and graphs with a view to easily extract useful deductions needed to make informed decisions..

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Road traffic accident (RTA) is a growing critical issue globally, resulting in high casualties and fatalities, especially in developing countries. This study examines the magnitude and trend of RTA and the effectiveness of road traffic safety measures in Osun State, South West Nigeria. Data on road traffic accidents from 1992 to 2016 was obtained from Nigeria's Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) coupled with primary data acquired from 2,209 sampled households in six hierarchically selected cities through a multi-stage stratified random procedure. The study reveals a very high positive correlation (r = 0.97; p = 0.001) between road traffic accidents and the size of the cities. Trend analysis shows a gradual decline in accident and mortality rates but increasing injury rates. The study observed a relatively higher male involvement than females in RTA at the ratio of 3:1 and a relatively higher occurrence among civil servants (38.2%) and traders (27.6%) than other occupational g...

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The spate of fatal road accidents in Nigeria is phenomenal. Trend analysis of fatal road accidents between June 2006 and May, 2014 using Nigeria Watch database shows that 15,090 lives were lost to fatal road accidents in 3,075 events. The highest fatality occurred in 2013 (2,061 deaths), a 2.8% increase from 2012 record of 1,652 deaths. However, the probability of a high fatality record in 2014 remains high considering the 964 deaths already recorded between January and May 2014. On the national scene, Lagos recorded the highest number of fatalities (1,579 deaths from 620 events) while FCT (Abuja) has the highest relative number of deaths of 0.6 deaths per 100,000 populations. These findings are explained in the population and continuous urbanization of Lagos and the number of inhabitants and registered vehicles in the FCT (Abuja). On the regional level, a trend analysis shows that more people died in fatal road accidents in the South (8,288 people (55%) than in the North (6,792 people (45%). Volume of oil distribution, highway criminal activities among other factors explain why there are more fatal road accidents in the South than in the North. Finally, less correlation is found between political violence and accidents except for the very few occasions where Boko Haram insurgents attacked and killed commuters in Borno state.

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This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and factors causing road traffic accidents in Lagos State, Nigeria. A purposive sampling technique was adopted to select a total of 384 commercial drivers in Lagos State. The primary sources of data were structured questionnaire. Out of the 384 drivers, 337 responded correctly to the questionnaire showing a response rate of 87.76%. Data were analysed using Mean, ANOVA and Pearson Correlation. Mean score of 2.50 was used as a criterion to accept or reject results. Findings of the study showed that; there was a high prevalence (68%) of road traffic accident among the commercial drivers in Lagos State. More so, age was an important demographic characteristic in contributing to RTAs. In addition, driver factor, vehicle factors and environmental factors all contributed to RTAs with the driver factors being responsible for more than 58% of the road traffic accident reported in the study. It is recommended amongst other...

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Causes of road accidents and solutions in Nigeria

Today, let’s talk about the causes of road accident in Nigeria and how they can be prevented. You might be surprised, but some of the causes can easily be remedied even without spending lots of money on restructuring the whole system of road safety. So check this article out and learn how you can make the road safer for yourself and others.

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Road accidents causes

So what are some of the most frequent causes of road accidents in Nigeria? While there are many, we have decided to focus on seven that happen most often and cause the most harm. Here they are:

• Going over the speed limit. As in most other countries that suffer from high numbers of road accidents, probably the most prominent cause of trouble on the road is exceeding the speed limit. It is said that over 50% of all crashes in the country are due to this particular factor. There is a reason they say ‘slow and steady wins the race’, as when you try to reach somewhere quickly by going over the limit, you might end up crashing and end up being late, or worst, not even reaching your destination.
• Poor condition of roads. Sometimes, even if you abide by all the rules and drive as carefully as you can, you risk getting into an accident because of many holes in the road. A lot of roads in Nigeria are in terrible state, and the further you get from the big cities, the worse they become. The situation is not helped when this cause is combined with the first one, as potholes and high speed are a recipe for disaster.
• Overloading. While this is more common for commercial vehicles, some of the regular drivers are also guilty for loading their vehicles with more stuff than they can handle. This results in decreased maneuverability, which means that it gets harder to get out of the harm’s way in time. Moreover, it is very harmful for the car in general, which might cause it to malfunction out of the blue in the future.
• Bad weather. This is probably one of the most understated reasons for road accidents. A lot of people do not really pay attention to the weather outside when they go for a drive, thus not accounting for, for instance, the slippery roads or other factors that might seem unimportant. Therefore, if a cautious situation arises, they might have trouble getting out of it unscathed, as they might not be able to notice something is wrong until it is too late.

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• Poor vehicle maintenance. It might surprise you just how many people get on the road when their car is in no condition to do so. While some of the car issues might not go beyond aesthetics, some might be driving without realizing that their brakes are not working. This endangers both the life of the driver and their passengers, as well as everyone else on the road. Poor condition of a vehicle can cause most harm for vehicles that carry many people or heavy/dangerous loads.
• Fatigue. One of the most frequent causes of road accidents in Nigeria and the world is tired drivers. This is particularly common among the long haul truck drivers, as they often have to travel long distances without much chance to rest. However, regular drivers are also guilty of getting behind the wheel not in their best condition. This might seriously affect their driving skills and cognitive functions, thus causing harm for everyone involved.
• Bad driving habits. Some drivers have no respect for their fellow man when they get on the road. They think that they are always right and the rest are just getting in their way. Moreover, some even get behind the wheel drunk. Such arrogance sometimes leads to dire consequences, as being overconfident in one’s skills might result in a nasty car crash. Therefore, even if you consider yourself to be a top notch driver, it is best to keep your ego in check to assure the safety of others.

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Road accidents prevention

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While some of the causes of road accidents are not easily prevented (for example, you cannot control the weather), there are some solutions that might make Nigerian roads safer for everyone who uses them. Here are some tips that might be able to improve the existing situation:

• Increased personal responsibility. If every person on the road abides by existing rules, so many accidents can be avoided. It costs literally nothing to follow the traffic rules and to be respectful to other people on the road.
• Regular checks of vehicles. It is the responsibility of every driver to keep their car in good condition, but police and other people who are tasked with providing safe conditions for driving should be interested in that as well. For that reason, it would be a good idea to introduce regular car checkups and to encourage drivers to do them as well.
• Road repairs. While it will take a lot of time and money to improve the state of the roads, this will ultimately lower the amount of road accidents exponentially. As long as the roads are in proper condition, everyone will be able to drive more safely and avoid damage to their vehicle and themselves.
• Improved lighting. Some of the roads (particularly in the rural areas) are not only riddled with holes, but also poorly lit. As long as they are properly illuminated, the drivers would be able to see the dangerous areas (and other hazards) beforehand and act accordingly.

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• Tougher control and fines. Due to the fact that many accidents are caused by arrogant drivers that are either too smart for their own good or too drunk, there should be tougher control on particularly dangerous roads, and fines for improper driving should be much more severe. In addition, it should be harder to pay your way out of trouble: three strikes and the driver’s licence is taken away until the driver proves they are capable of driving properly.
• More rest stops for drivers. One of the reasons why so many drivers avoid stopping to rest on their long journeys is because there are no proper stops along their way. As long as there are some rest stops here and there, they should be able to get some rest or at least caffeine, and other people could make sure that they do not get behind the wheel if they are too tired.
• Improved road safety education. We have talked a lot about how drivers are usually the ones responsible for the accidents, but oftentimes pedestrians are not any less guilty. For this reason, schools should have proper road safety classes, so that people can learn how they should behave on the road from young age.

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And here we have covered some of the most prominent road accidents causes and prevention. Hopefully, the situation will get better soon, and all those who find themselves on the road can feel safe and comfortable.

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Source: Legit.ng

Adrianna Simwa (Lifestyle writer) Adrianna Simwa is a content writer at Legit.ng where she has worked since mid-2022. She has written for many periodicals on a variety of subjects, including news, celebrities, and lifestyle, for more than three years. She has worked for The Hoth, The Standard Group and Triple P Media. Adrianna graduated from Nairobi University with a Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) in 2020. In 2023, Simwa finished the AFP course on Digital Investigation Techniques. You can reach her through her email: [email protected]

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Road Traffic Accidents in Nigeria: Causes and Preventive Measures.

Road accidents have become a normal and re-occurring phenomenon in Nigeria which constitutes a menace in modern times. Although both the developed and developing nations of the world have suffered from varying degrees of road accidents, the developing countries clearly dominates with Nigeria having the second highest rate of road accidents among 193 ranked countries of the world. Deaths from reckless driving are the third leading cause of death in Nigeria. In 2012, at least 473 persons died from a total of 1,115 vehicular accidents nationwide. Already in 2013, April may go down as the worst month in terms of road accidents as according to reported cases, April 3, 2013: A luxury bus and a smaller bus crashed on the Abuja-Lokoja Road, 18 died. April 5, 2013: A petrol tanker set luxury bus and articulated vehicle ablaze at Ugbogui village on Ore-Benin Expressway, 80 people were burnt beyond recognition. April 6, 2013: At Dazigan, 11 kilometers from Potiskum, Yobe State, 20 died in an accident. April 11, 2013: 10 died on the Damaturu-Gashua Road also in Yobe State. April 14, 2013: Seven died on the Abuja-Lokoja Road, a car ran into an articulated vehicle. April 15, 2013: Five died on the Asaba-Onitsha Expressway. By the middle of April, 142 people had died from reported motor accidents, 30 per cent of the 473 deaths recorded in 2012 had been covered in only 15 days! There could be more unreported cases, and as often happens, some of the injured die without making the statistics. This paper examines road traffic accident problems in Nigeria. The causes of accidents and their general preventive measures are discussed. A review of literature on road traffic accidents and it impact was done. The articles were accessed from public libraries, as well as online through internet search engines and relevant information extracted. There is need to view road traffic accident as a very serious issue requiring urgent attention aimed at preventing untimely deaths, reducing the health, social and economic impacts it portends to the average Nigerian.

Keywords: Road traffic accident, Nigeria, Vehicle, Causes, Preventive measures.

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Examining the relationship between road traffic accidents and the environmental factors using spatial statistics

This research presents an approach to examine the relationship between road traffic accidents and the environmental factors using spatial statistics. Road accident data for this research study was acquired from Leeds City Council database for the years 2009 to 2016.Other used datasets were obtained from OSM and DivaGis websites.

To examine spatial patterns of road traffic accidents in the city of Leeds, network kernel density estimation was used to determine the road accident hotspots for reported accidents. The results revealed that some road segments have higher accident rates compared to some road segments that never had even a single reported road accident since 2009 to 2016. Ordinary Least squares technique was conducted to test the relationships between the dependent variable (road traffic accidents) and independent variables (retail outlets, recreational areas, public areas, liquor outlets and street furniture). Moran’s I statistics was used to assess for spatial autocorrelation in the datasets. The result of this research show that the proximity of retail outlets, recreational areas, public places, liquor outlets and street has a strong correlation with the number of road traffic injury incidents.

MBANO, A (2021). Examining the relationship between road traffic accidents and the environmental factors using spatial statistics. Afribary . Retrieved from https://wwww.afribary.com/works/examining-the-relationship-between-road-traffic-accidents-and-the-environmental-factors-using-spatial-statistics

MBANO, ARSHLEY "Examining the relationship between road traffic accidents and the environmental factors using spatial statistics" Afribary . Afribary, 05 May. 2021, https://wwww.afribary.com/works/examining-the-relationship-between-road-traffic-accidents-and-the-environmental-factors-using-spatial-statistics. Accessed 16 Jun. 2024.

MBANO, ARSHLEY . "Examining the relationship between road traffic accidents and the environmental factors using spatial statistics". Afribary , Afribary, 05 May. 2021. Web. 16 Jun. 2024. .

MBANO, ARSHLEY . "Examining the relationship between road traffic accidents and the environmental factors using spatial statistics" Afribary (2021). Accessed June 16, 2024. https://wwww.afribary.com/works/examining-the-relationship-between-road-traffic-accidents-and-the-environmental-factors-using-spatial-statistics

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