patient safety essay

Patient safety - Free Essay Samples And Topic Ideas

An essay on patient safety can address the critical importance of ensuring the well-being of patients in healthcare settings. It can discuss strategies and initiatives to reduce medical errors, improve healthcare quality, and protect patients from harm, highlighting the role of healthcare professionals and system improvements in achieving these goals. We have collected a large number of free essay examples about Patient Safety you can find in Papersowl database. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.

Teamwork and Collaboration in Perioperative Nursing and how it Effects Patient Safety

Teamwork is the combined efforts of a group of people in order to reach a common goal. Collaboration is the action of working together to produce a satisfying outcome. The combination of the two concepts cumulates an ideal perioperative environment. In perioperative nursing the teamwork and collaboration between the circulating nurse and scrub nurse is an important dynamic relationship in the operating room. The roles of the circulating and scrub nurse are key factors that contribute to the success of […]

The American Nursing Shortage

Nursing workforce: Then and now A nurse’s role is extremely important in healthcare in order to deliver safe, positive and successful patient outcomes. In fact, nurses are the fastest growing and have the largest numbers in the profession, with approximately 3.9 million registered nurses in the United States alone, 29 million worldwide (Haddad & Toney-Butler, 2018). However, even with this substantial number, there is still a shortage of one million nurses (Haddad & Toney-Butler, 2018). Nursing shortages have been a […]

Teamwork Experience: Manager of Patient Care 

Since the beginning of nursing school, as students, we have learned about all the different aspects included in managing patient care successfully. During each clinical experience, I have had the opportunity to implement and improve skills, such as the Quality and Safety Education for Nursing (QSEN) competencies. The purpose of this paper is to discuss QSEN competencies, delegation, and handoff reporting, and reflect how I achieved these concepts in my experiences as a manager of patient care. Quality and Safety […]

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The Danger of Nursing Shortage

Literature Review The researcher conducted a comprehensive search of the literature published between 2015 and 2020. Keywords used to conduct the search included nurse staffing, quality of care, nurses’ perceptions, nursing shortage, patient safety, nurse-patient ratios, Donebedian, Donebedian’s structure, process, outcomes, Donebedian’s framework. Nurse Staffing Nurse staffing can be defined as the total nursing care hours per patient day or staff mix (ANA, 2014). The American nurses association defines staff mix as the percentage of registered nursing care hours among […]

Medicare and Home Health Care

The health care system faces many issues and concerns when treating patients. One of the many issues are readmission rates. Patients are often treated then return to the hospital again with relapse, recurrence of illness, or new deterioration of condition. Readmission rates put a very big burden on the medical system and health insurances. According to data from the Center for Health Information and Analysis, “Hospital readmissions cost Medicare about $26 billion annually, with about $17 billion spent on avoidable […]

Effective Communication and Planning as a Key Tools for a Nurse Leader

Planning/Budgeting The budget directly reflects what is important to the facility and helps us create a plan to reach the outcomes the facility wants to achieve. The budget needs to meet the current and established needs but also needs to accommodate unforeseen changes. A budget should be founded on clear, written hospital and department goals and should be translated into a formal, quantitative expression of management's plans. The total budget for the unit is five million dollars. The budget includes […]

Challenges and Solutions in Patient Safety: a Comprehensive Analysis

Patient safety is an account systems healthcare in one whole world, unit it remains a complex and grows an appeal. Walk in setting provides patient safety includes identifies, directs he despite, and softens risks and combine vulnerabilities in borders systems delivery healthcare. Herein comprehensive analyses, we dig in multifaceted landscape patient safety, investigates appeals, with that clashes and offers decisions, to increase quality trouble and to protect patient prosperity.Only from appeals moving in patient safety are medical guilts. This guilts […]

Enhancing Healthcare: Strategies for Ensuring Patient Safety

In jamais-évolue landscape healthcare, hunt defences patient stands so as patient imperative, conducts a cape medical practice on setting despite superiority and compassion. So as fight systems healthcare with an array appeals, from technological advancements despite demographic moving, strategies hired, to strengthen patient safety is due continual to adjust and to innovate. In this dynamic environment, mosaic access appears, interlaces technology, teaching, report, and organizational culture, to create a tapestry trouble, that corrects patient prosperity in his kernel.In the forefront […]

The Heart of Healthcare: Making Patient Safety Paramount

When we talk about patient safety, we're really talking about trust—the kind of trust that assures people stepping into a hospital or clinic that they're in safe hands. It's a fundamental promise that healthcare systems make: "We've got you, and we're going to take good care of you." But keeping that promise isn't as straightforward as it sounds. It's about dodging a myriad of pitfalls, from the simple slip-ups to deep-rooted system issues, all while navigating the ever-evolving landscape of […]

Strengthening the Pillars of Healthcare: a Focus on Patient Safety

Patient safety isn't just another item on the healthcare agenda; it's the very essence of medical care. Imagine stepping into a clinic or hospital, knowing that every person you encounter is part of a larger mission to keep you safe, to ensure your treatment not only heals but also protects you from harm. This vision of healthcare, where patient safety is prioritized, is what we all strive for—a place where the trust placed in healthcare providers is a badge they […]

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Essay on Patient Safety

Introduction.

Patient safety is an essential part of patient care, and it is important in assessing the quality of patient care given. According to IOM (2004), patient safety is “safeguarding patients from damage.” Hospitals should emphasize a healthcare system that avoids mistakes and protects the welfare of patients. Americans should be able to walk into any medical facility and receive safe health care and not just hopeful wishes. When patients are safe, that is the foundation of quality health care (Baker, 2001). This essay analyzes two laws that arise from patient safety

Official Title of The Laws

The two laws for patient safety covered in this essay are ‘PUBLIC LAW 109–41—JULY 29, 2005’, ‘ Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005’, and California Code, Health and Safety Code § 1280.15. Any violations reported under code 1280.15 should be reported and carry the same penalties disclosed in section 164.522(b) of Title 45 of the code of Federal Regulations. The two laws mentioned concern safeguarding patient information, which is critical in promoting patient safety, just like physical safety.

Health Care Organization’s Obligation to Meet Patient’s Legal Rights

The Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005 (PSQIA) presents a voluntary reporting system where information about events affecting patient safety can be confidentially reported. The PSQIA encourages a report of medical blunders by providing federal protection for any information about patient safety called the Patient Safety Work Product (PSWP) (Levy et al., 2010). Patient Safety Work Product includes the data raised and analyzed during the detailing of patient safety events (Rights (OCR), 2008). This product improves patient safety outcomes by providing a platform where information providers can give patient safety events confidently without being victimized. More reports and analyses of patient safety events will increase data to analyze patient safety. The PSQIA also directs the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) to establish Patient Safety Organizations (PSOs) that receive concerns about patients’ safety events and analyze the reported events.

The California Code, Health and Safety Code § 1280.15 is a data notification statute to health facilities. This statute directs health care facilities to prevent unauthorized access and disclosure of patient “medical information.” Medical information refers to individual information in the physical or electronic form regarding an individual’s medical history (California Legislative Information, 2015). The Act also directs health care facilities to report to patients no later than 15 working days of unauthorized access to their private information.

Consequences For Non-Compliance

Violating the confidentiality provision of The Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005 (PSQIA) attracts a maximum penalty of $ 11000. However, this money is subject to inflation adjustment by the Health and Human Services (HHS) at least once every four years.

The California Code, Health and Safety Code § 1280.15, provides penalties for unauthorized disclosure of patient information. The statute allows penalties of up to $ 25000 per patient whose medical information is unlawfully accessed and penalties of up to $ 17500 for subsequent occurrence (California Legislative Information, 2014). This regulation establishes a base amount of $ 15000 per violation and permits the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) to demand a fee equal to 70% of the initial violation amount.

Legal Obligation 1: Establishment of A Voluntary Reporting System Where Information About Events Affecting Patient Safety Can Be Confidentially Reported (PSQIA)

The PSQIA provides the Patient Safety Work Product (PSWP) that allows frank discussion about patient safety without fear that such discussions will be used against health care facilities in a court of law. No penalties should be applied if such discussions are meant to improve patient safety or health care outcomes.

One real-life case concerning confidential reporting of events affecting patient safety is the Gooden vs. CVS Caremark Corporation., et al., CA. NO. 11- CV-08-10885 (Franklin County, Ohio, November 20, 2012). A Franklin court in Ohio upheld protection given for Patient Safety Work Product (PSWP) under the Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act (PSQIA) ( PSO Case Law: Gooden v. CVS Caremark Corp , 2012). In 2010 Plaintiff was given metoprolol succinate instead of metoprolol tartrate CVS Caremark pharmacy. After two weeks, the plaintiff called the pharmacy, informing them of the error. The error and patient profile were rectified to avoid any incidence in the future. The defendant’s PSO accessed the report through functional reporting. A lawsuit was filed by the plaintiff compelling the incident report in which the defendant objected since it included Patient Safety Work Products. Since the defendant had accepted liability, the plaintiff’s attorney asked for an incident report from the CVS Caremark pharmacy claiming that protection did not apply. The defendants claimed that Congress wanted to improve patient care quality by creating a safety culture through a protected voluntary reporting system. Wider interpretation of the act demands privilege is extended even after admission of liability. Plaintiff’s request was denied as the court upheld that the PSO protection had applied.

Legal Obligation 2: Prevention of Unauthorized Access and Disclosure of Patient “Medical Information .”

The California Code, Health and Safety Code § 1280.15 provides exceptions that may not be considered “breaches” when disclosing patient data. A disclosure where patient data is stolen or lost and the lost data has not been accessed, used, or disclosed in an unauthorized way. There will be no consequences if patient data is disclosed in this way.

One real-life case concerning disclosing patients’ information is the Ellis vs. California Correctional Health Care Services. Plaintiff was a state prisoner, and the named defendants are California Correctional Health Care Services Deputy Director Lewis and Dr. Matolon (Ellis v. Cal. Corr. Health Care Servs., 2018). Plaintiff claimed to have received a “potential data breach” notice from defendant Lewis. Plaintiff claimed the data breach contained his personal medical and mental health information. Plaintiff argued that it was later revealed that his personal information had been disclosed to a third party. Plaintiff alleged that disclosing his personal medical information violates the California Code, Health and Safety Code § 1280.15. The California Code, Health and Safety Code § 1280.15 doesn’t authorize private action but requires notification of unauthorized patient information and gives the State Department of Health Services power to issue administrative penalties to prevent such accesses. Plaintiff didn’t give concrete evidence to this claim, and therefore the case was dismissed. Also, the plaintiff reported a “potential data breach” and didn’t provide enough evidence to show there was an actual data breach.

Health Service Organization Management Actions to Meet Legal Obligations for Patients’ Rights

The first action I will take is establishing the healthcare risk and quality management department. The department will be responsible for implementing patient safety programs and finding ways to ensure the facility effectively delivers safe and high-quality health care services. This department will also be responsible for formulating ways of minimizing errors while providing patient care.

The second action is to create an ICT center responsible for storing and encrypting patient medical data. This will ensure patient data is safe from unauthorized access. The third action is to conduct employee training programs where employees will be trained on the best ways of promoting patient safety and protecting patient data (Becerra, 2018). Employees will be equipped with skills to promote patient safety by ensuring patient data is safely stored and free from unauthorized access.

In conclusion, patient safety is the foundation of quality healthcare. Patient safety involves actions meant to protect patients from harm. Protecting patient data is as important as protecting their physical safety. Patient data refers to medical information held about a patient. It includes information about their past medical history, treatment history, etc. The two acts about patient data discussed are ‘PUBLIC LAW 109–41—JULY 29, 2005’, ‘ Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005’, and California Code, Health and Safety Code § 1280.15. The Patients Safety and Quality Improvement act of 2005 (PSQIA) has a reporting system that is voluntary and helps to promote patient safety through confidential reporting of events that affect them. The Act protects those who report events concerning patient safety. This encourages people to report as they are protected against victimization, hence analyzing more data. The California Code, Health and Safety Code § 1280.15 prevents unauthorized access and disclosure of patient medical data.

Baker, Alastair. (2001). Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for The 21 st  Century. BMJ. 323. 10.1136/bmj.323.7322.1192

Becerra, X. (2018). Promoting Safe and Secure Healthcare Access for All.

California Code. (2014).  California Code, Health and Safety Code – HSC § 11845.5 . Findlaw. Retrieved March 1, 2022, from https://codes.findlaw.com/ca/health-and-safety-code/hsc-sect-11845-5.html

California Legislative Information. (2014, June 20).  Code section . Law section. Retrieved February 28, 2022, from https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=1280.17.&nodeTreePath=4.3.4&lawCode=HSC

California Legislative Information. (2015, January 1).  Code section . Law section. Retrieved February 28, 2022, from https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=HSC§ionNum=1280.15#:~:text=The%20department%2C%20after%20investigation%2C%20may%20assess%20an%20administrative,use%2C%20or%20disclosure%20of%20that%20patient%E2%80%99s%20medical%20information

Ellis v. Cal. Corr. Health Care Servs., No. 2: 16-cv-1555 GEB KJN P | Casetext Search + Citator. (2018). Casetext.com. https://casetext.com/case/ellis-v-cal-corr-health-care-servs-2

Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Data Standards for Patient Safety. Patient Safety: Achieving a New Standard for Care. Aspden P, Corrigan JM, Wolcott J, Erickson SM, editors. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2004. PMID: 25009854.

Levy, F., Mareniss, D., Iacovelli, C., & Howard, J. (2010). The patient safety and quality improvement Act of 2005: preventing error and promoting patient safety.  The Journal of Legal Medicine ,  31 (4), 397-422.

PSO Case Law: Gooden v. CVS Caremark Corp . (2012). Www.centerforpatientsafety.org. https://www.centerforpatientsafety.org/emsforward/pso-case-law-gooden-v-cvs-caremark-corp/

Rights (OCR), O. for C. (2008, May 7).  Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005 Statute and Rule . HHS.gov. https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/patient-safety/statute-and-rule/index.html#:~:text=PSQIA%20authorizes%20HHS%20to%20impose

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Patient Safety

Introduction.

As a Nurse Practitioner, one of the fundamental duties is to understand the system of health care to ensure efficient and safe service delivery. In my practice, I strive to meet the highest standard of patient safety within the policies and patient safety resources availed at the clinical setting. Understanding the policies and limitations of the scope of practice coupled with understanding my limitations as a practitioner is essential to meeting patient safety demands.

The complexity of the healthcare system, that is, the tasks, environment, policies, and technologies, requires the nurse practitioner to have an awareness of their strengths and weaknesses. Self-awareness provides an opportunity for the nurse to utilize available resources to achieve high standards of patient care (Hughes & US, 2008). For instance, technology in healthcare came along with numerous devices aimed to improve practice. As a nurse, some of the interfaces and setting may be challenging.  To guarantee patient safety, it is wise to let a technologist assist with the settings and troubleshooting of the devices. Similarly, the nurse must take time to learn how best to use the devices in improving patient outcomes.

1. Hughes, R., & United States. (2008). Patient safety and quality: An evidence-based handbook for nurses. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

2. Mosadeghrad, A. M. (2014). Factors influencing healthcare service quality. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 3(2), 77–89.

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Wright J, Lawton R, O’Hara J, et al. Improving patient safety through the involvement of patients: development and evaluation of novel interventions to engage patients in preventing patient safety incidents and protecting them against unintended harm. Southampton (UK): NIHR Journals Library; 2016 Oct. (Programme Grants for Applied Research, No. 4.15.)

Improving patient safety through the involvement of patients: development and evaluation of novel interventions to engage patients in preventing patient safety incidents and protecting them against unintended harm.

Chapter 12 conclusions and recommendations.

This programme of research has met its original aim to design, develop and evaluate innovative interventions to engage patients in preventing PSIs and protecting themselves against unintended harm. It has done so by focusing on four key areas:

• assessing risk
• reporting incidents
• direct engagement in preventing harm
• education and training.

In doing so, we have not just studied patient engagement in patient safety but produced measures, reporting systems, interventions and training that have the potential to reduce harm and improve the health of patients. We established comprehensive and effective systems for involving patients and the public in codesign and coproduction of applied health research and evaluated the impact of this involvement to provide lessons for future PPI in health-care research.

Overall, the programme has demonstrated that patients are able and willing to be involved in initiatives to improve patient safety across a wide range of intervention strategies. The findings suggest that future safety and quality improvement programmes should consider approaches involving patients and not just focus on health-care professionals and organisations. However, we were unable to demonstrate a clear impact on safety outcomes using interventions based on patient engagement and further development work and evaluations of such approaches are required.

• Assessing risk and reporting incidents

A number of different studies contributed to the key programme areas of patient involvement in assessing risk and incident reporting. Initial research involved two systematic reviews. The first was undertaken to summarise factors contributing to PSIs in hospital settings. The findings of this review were successfully used to develop a framework of contributory factors to PSIs (the YCFF). This framework has the potential to be applied across hospital settings to improve the identification and prevention of factors that cause harm to patients. The second systematic review assessed and summarised research studies that had evaluated patient reporting of errors in health care.

These two reviews informed work to develop a patient-completed measure of organisational safety in a hospital setting and a system for patients to report PSIs.

We successfully developed a reliable and valid tool (PMOS) to offer a mechanism by which patients can provide feedback on factors that might contribute to PSIs in the future. Based on a clear theoretical framework, the PMOS tool uses the patient’s perspective to identify ‘latent’ weaknesses that could contribute to future events. We showed that patients are in a very good position to observe the safety of their care and the care of others on the same ward. These observations can capture areas of weakness in patient care that might otherwise go unreported or unidentified. To our knowledge this is the first such tool that has been developed to collect this type of information. It can be used as an adjunct to other patient safety tools such as incident reporting systems and can also reinforce ‘soft’ intelligence on the quality and safety of care on hospital wards. We would recommend that the PMOS tool is used in conjunction with other safety and patient experience measures to enhance the interpretation of feedback from patients.

We also developed and evaluated a system for patients to report PSIs – the PIRT. This tool was developed with extensive input from patients, drawing on principles of coproduction, and collected safety concerns from hospitalised patients. We compared the data from the PIRT with other sources of safety information (case note review, incident reports) and explored the extent of overlap. This work demonstrated that patients in an acute hospital setting can report their safety concerns and that their reports are rarely evident in other sources of patients safety data. Concerns were typically focused on events that were near to the patient and which were important to them (e.g. failure of health-care staff to demonstrate good hand hygiene practice) but reports were generally unlikely to incorporate mention of direct harm. This study adds to the growing evidence base that patients can, when asked, report on the safety of their care in hospital and also that of other patients in the same shared environment.

The PMOS and PIRT studies were used to inform the development of the PRASE intervention. This consisted of two tools: (1) a 44-item questionnaire that asks patients about factors contributing to safety (PMOS) and (2) a pro forma for patients to report both PSIs and positive experiences. A report to wards was then produced summarising this feedback and ward staff were asked to plan and implement actions with the aim of improving safety. The PRASE intervention was evaluated using a randomised design. Take-up of the intervention by wards and their retention was 100% and patient participation was high at 86%. However, compliance with the intervention, particularly the implementation of action plans, was poor. We found no significant effect of the intervention on either the primary outcome or the secondary outcomes at 6 or 12 months. Based on these findings, the intervention cannot be deemed to be effective. The intervention cost £1018 per ward. However, we did find some improvements in the intervention wards compared with the control wards for new harms (i.e. those for which the ward is directly accountable) and these differences were largest among wards that showed the greatest compliance with the intervention. Introducing such interventions into busy wards with significant existing demands on staff time did highlight barriers in terms of the capacity of some individuals, wards and trusts to innovate and change.

• Direct engagement in preventing harm

The ThinkSAFE project involved the development and evaluation of an intervention to support patients to directly engage with health-care staff to enhance their safety through strategies such as checking that their care is delivered as planned and speaking up to staff if they had any concerns. A key criticism of previous initiatives to encourage patients to be more actively involved in contributing to the safety of their care – so-called ‘patient push’ interventions – has been the apparent lack of involvement of patients or frontline staff in their development. There have also been other deficiencies including the lack of any theoretical rationale for the choice of intervention approach or materials and a dearth of robust evaluations. 180 , 339 This project addressed these concerns through the systematic development of a fully piloted intervention grounded in patient and professional experience, underpinned by relevant theory and informed by research evidence and best practice. Four components of the ThinkSAFE intervention emerged:

• a patient safety video
• a patient-held health-care logbook incorporating tools to facilitate information sharing
• a theory- and evidence-based educational session for staff
• Talk Time – a dedicated for opportunity for patients and staff to interact.

The piloting of ThinkSAFE showed that the approach is feasible and acceptable to users and has the potential to improve patient safety. ThinkSAFE is currently being further refined and its implementation tested across acute hospitals in the north-east, with support from the North East and North Cumbria Academic Health Science Network (AHSN) Patient Safety Collaborative. It will then be made available for wider implementation.

• Education and training

In this component of the programme we developed a patient safety training programme for junior doctors based on patients who had experienced PSIs recounting their own stories. Patient safety training often provides learners with a health professional’s perspective rather than a patient’s. We hypothesised that personal narratives of health-related harm would allow patients to share their stories with junior doctors and influence clinical behaviour by rousing emotions and improving attitudes to safety. This approach was compared with a more traditional method of using expert faculty to teach patient safety to FY1 doctors in an open, multicentre, two-arm, parallel-design RCT. The APSQ and the PANAS were used to measure the impact of the intervention on the junior doctors. Although the study showed that delivering patient safety training based on patient narratives is feasible, we were unable to demonstrate effectiveness of the intervention in changing general attitudes to safety compared with the control. This may be because of the inherent difficulty in determining valid outcome measures to study the effectiveness of educational interventions. We did, however, show a difference in the short-term emotional response of the trainees to the patient stories. Although patient narratives may impact on emotional engagement and learning about communication, we remain uncertain whether or not this will translate into improved behaviours in the clinical context or indeed if there are any negative effects.

• Patient and public involvement

Patient and public involvement was a central tenet of this research programme. Significant effort and commitment was made at the outset to establish advisory panels of lay people to promote genuine codesign and coproduction of the research projects. The input from lay members developed considerably over the lifetime of the programme and much valuable experience was gained about how best to optimise the effectiveness of PPI. Many of these insights are captured in our evaluation of the programme’s PPI outlined in Chapter 11 , the main finding being that PPI requirements in a research project are likely to be context specific and evolve over the lifespan of the research. On the basis of our experience in this programme opportunities for regular feedback and cycles of learning for all involved are crucial and we would strongly advocate a coproduction model between researchers and lay contributors for developing and maintaining effective PPI in any research endeavour.

• Building research and improvement capacity in the NHS

In 2007 this NIHR-funded programme brought together a new multidisciplinary team of academics, health professionals and patients with a shared passion for patient safety and patient involvement. The success of the team has provided the foundation for a number of major new collaborations, including:

• the Yorkshire Quality and Safety Research Group [see www.bradfordresearch.nhs.uk/research-teams/quality-and-safety-research-team (accessed 11 June 2016)]
• the £3M patient safety theme for the Yorkshire and Humber Health Innovation and Education Cluster
• the £5M Yorkshire and Humber AHSN Improvement Academy [see www.improvementacademy.org/ (accessed 11 June 2016)].

The programme has acted as a catalyst for a number of new applied research projects and quality and safety improvement initiatives. These include:

• Closing the gap: implementing a patient safety reporting tool in acute trusts (Health Foundation, £450,000, 2014–16)
• Combining physiological and biomedical data into a novel computer-aided risk score to support near real-time clinical decision making and determine its impact on safety of care (Health Foundation, £500,000, 2014–17)
• Safety measurement and monitoring in health care (Health Foundation, £600,000, 2014–16)
• An exploration and mapping of open disclosure of adverse events in the UK (NIHR Service Delivery and Organisation programme, £180,000, 2010–13)
• Transforming safety through promoting the spread of patient safety innovation (Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care, £1M, 2013–18)
• Funding from two regional AHSNs for the development of ThinkSAFE and for patient safety training.

Our challenge of measuring patient safety as an outcome in our two trials has been acknowledged in national and international reports and our commitment to fill the vacuum of robust measures has led us to apply successfully for funding to develop and evaluate more reliable and valid measures of harm.

• Programme limitations

This research programme has developed a number of interventions to engage patients in preventing PSIs and protecting themselves against unintended harm. Within patient safety research a focus on the contribution of patients continues to be under-researched and relatively neglected and the interventions from this programme would benefit from further development and evaluation if the programme’s potential to provide benefit to the NHS is to be fully realised. The fact that we have been unable to demonstrate any improvement in patient safety comes with a number of caveats that merit further consideration. With hindsight some of the programme’s intervention evaluations would have benefited from a deeper exploration of the processes followed in implementing the interventions. This might have helped to explain why despite high participant engagement there was minimal apparent impact. Although the programme’s use of clinical trials to assess the effectiveness of interventions represents the gold standard in such research, the lack of a sufficiently robust process evaluation meant that we may have failed to adequately capture some of the nuances in implementing interventions effectively or preconditions for success. In particular, it would have been helpful to gain insights into the suggestion from the data that outcomes were more positive when staff engagement was greater. A more developed process evaluation would have allowed an understanding of whether this was the result of individual factors (e.g. leadership), ward-specific factors (e.g. workload, staffing levels) or hospital-wide factors (e.g. network connectedness within the trust).

One of the constraints of a research programme such as this is the timescale in which the research must be undertaken. Study outcomes were dependent not just on individual patient engagement but also in many cases on the speed at which health-care professionals and systems can plan and implement any corrective or preventative actions. We identified in the PRASE study that some wards took > 3 months to achieve a first planning meeting and for some there was uncertainty about how to address organisation-wide actions. It could therefore be that timescales were too short to demonstrate an effect. In addition, the impact of the PRASE intervention in particular might have been improved if the programme had been located within an empirically based theory or framework for organisational/adult learning to try and enhance its implementation.

At several points within the programme researchers were active participants in the intervention, for example facilitating action planning teams, delivering educational interventions and collecting data from patients. The impact of such researcher involvement is unclear but this may have affected the study findings.

• Recommendations

The study findings and limitations give rise to a number of recommendations for research and implications for practice. Recommendations are identified for future research in the general area of patient involvement in patient safety, together with suggestions for further development and evaluation of the interventions from this programme to help explore further aspects of the programme’s potential.

In terms of patient safety in general, further research should be undertaken to develop reliable and valid measures of patient safety and harm that can be used by clinical teams and NHS organisations to monitor and improve safety and by patient safety researchers to evaluate safety improvement interventions. Future RCTs to assess the effectiveness of patient safety interventions should include adequate process evaluations to understand the factors involved in successfully embedding (or not) new activities into practice. Such studies should ideally be informed by relevant organisational or learning theory to help optimise the chances of successful implementation of the interventions under study. We know little about patients who do not speak English as a first language. Such patients may be particularly vulnerable to PSIs and unable to access existing feedback mechanisms. Further studies of patient safety in general and patient reporting more specifically should include patients who do not speak English. Future research should also consider the costs and value for money of patient involvement in safety interventions and also whether there are any adverse consequences of patient involvement.

In terms of the programme we have developed tools and interventions to better involve patients in the safety of their care and assess the risk of future events. To further inform the use of these tools and interventions in practice a number of future research areas are suggested.

• The involvement of patients in training health professionals about safety and quality in health care holds promise. Future research in this area could further investigate the effectiveness of such approaches compared with training delivered by health professionals for a range of disciplines and grades of seniority. To facilitate such research there is a need to develop valid and sensitive outcome measures to better measure the effects of patient safety training. In addition, it would be useful to investigate the mechanisms by which patient narratives can impact on learning, in particular to explore the impact of emotional engagement from patients’ stories on behavioural change in clinical practice.
• The PMOS and PIRT tools could be adapted for use in settings other than hospital wards, such as outpatient clinics and general practice. To do so will require further validation work and evaluative studies.
• The PRASE study demonstrated that valuable patient feedback on ward safety can be collected. However, the barriers and facilitators for ward staff to act on such feedback and implement appropriate change need further study.
• Further insights into the optimum ways to collect patient feedback on safety would be helpful. This should include research into how and when information is collected and by whom and the level of independence from the host institution.
• Preliminary evaluation suggests that the ThinkSAFE intervention that we have developed is an acceptable and feasible low-risk intervention that has the potential for improving patients’ safety. However, further evaluation would be necessary before it could be confidently disseminated for wider use in the NHS. In addition, further research could usefully explore the extension of ThinkSAFE to other settings (e.g. primary and social care); the adaptability of ThinkSAFE to other patient groups (e.g. people with learning disabilities, people with mental health problems); and the adaptability of ThinkSAFE to promoting inclusion (e.g. for minority ethnic groups, patients whose first language is not English).

Finally, the study suggests a number of issues for the NHS to consider. As described in Chapter 2 we have developed an empirically based framework of contributory factors to PSIs. This framework has the potential to be applied across hospital settings to improve the identification and prevention of factors that cause harm to patients. There is currently a lack of a consistently adopted framework in the NHS and this is potentially limiting the accurate reporting of factors that contribute to error and the ability to learn from them. Utilising the framework developed here may therefore be of considerable benefit to the NHS.

With respect to reports of errors or safety concerns from patients we found that there was often uncertainty, at both individual practitioner and ward level, about how best to respond to such feedback. Work could usefully be undertaken into how data from patient reports can best be incorporated into existing governance systems and fed back to staff. Capturing and responding to such patient feedback would seem important given our finding that patient-reported concerns picked up issues that were not identified through other data sources.

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• Cite this Page Wright J, Lawton R, O’Hara J, et al. Improving patient safety through the involvement of patients: development and evaluation of novel interventions to engage patients in preventing patient safety incidents and protecting them against unintended harm. Southampton (UK): NIHR Journals Library; 2016 Oct. (Programme Grants for Applied Research, No. 4.15.) Chapter 12, Conclusions and recommendations.
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143 Patient Safety Essay Topics

🏆 best essay topics on patient safety, 👍 good patient safety research topics & essay examples, 🎓 most interesting patient safety research titles, 🌶️ hot patient safety essay topics, 💡 simple patient safety essay ideas, 📌 easy patient safety essay topics.

• Patient Safety and the Problem of Poor Service Delivery
• Patient Safety: Medication Errors
• The Effects of Nurse Burnout on Patient Care and Safety
• Joint Commission: National Patient Safety Goals
• Nursing Care: Differentiated Practice Model and Patient Safety
• Incomplete or Missing Documentation: Patient Safety in Healthcare
• Patient Identification: Risks and Safety Measures
• Nurses and Patient Safety Culture Nurses are responsible for promoting quality in healthcare organizations by proposing improvement initiatives and accessing patient safety culture.
• Nurses’ Burnout and Patients’ Safety This paper describes a rationale for researching topic A Relationship Between Nurses’ Burnout and Fatigue and Levels of Patients’ Safety: A Quantitative Study.
• Risk Management and Patient Safety This report explores the 2022 Safety Management Plan for Management of the Environment of Care (EOC) at Duke University Hospital (DUH), North Carolina.
• The Role of Nurses in Enhancing Patient Safety This paper examines the role of nurses in enhancing patient safety through the implementation of change for evidence-based practice.
• Patient Safety and Nursing Satisfaction Project This paper provides an intervention defining if the implementation of stress and time management strategies is a better choice to increment patient safety and nursing satisfaction.
• Nursing Staffing Ratio and Patient Safety & Care Nurse staffing is directly proportional to the clinical outcome. Studies have revealed nurse staffing as an essential variable worth considering in promoting patient recovery.
• Team Strategies & Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety In the video “Successful Outcomes Using TeamSTEPPS Techniques”, the staff demonstrates how to cooperate, make decisions, achieve the best results, and avoid mistakes.
• Enhancing Quality and Safety of the Patient This paper will discuss the risk factors of patient falls and evidence-based solutions to this issue and will explore the role of nurses in preventing falls.
• The Relationship Between Understaffing of Nurses and Patient Safety This paper aims to investigate aspects related to the problem of nurse understaffing by referencing the scholarly literature on the topic.
• Health Care Leaders and Patient Safety Mechanisms, such as the ‘rapid response and ad hoc investigative teams’, for making improvements based on the identification and analysis of specific problems, are found to improve the safety of health care.
• Patient Safety and Quality of Care Health equity is the foundation of patient safety, quality of care, and improved health outcomes for vulnerable populations.
• Family Nurse Practice Promoting Patient Safety Family Nurse Practitioners (FNPs) should get the best education in clinical practice. This essay explains how FNPs can promote patient safety.
• Patient Safety in the Healthcare Workplace Culture The participation of the entire workers in the healthcare environment in improving the safety standards enhances the culture of safety.
• Nurse Staffing and Patient Care Quality and Safety The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of nurse staffing on patient care and reveal opportunities for quality improvement.
• Unified Model of Patient Safety and Nursing Care This essay will identify a nursing care model utilized in a real-world setting and discuss other theories contributing to the discipline.
• Pressure Ulcers as a Patient Safety Issue My proposal focuses on the evidence-based practice (EBP) research project that examines different approaches to measure pressure ulcer risk and comparison of their effectiveness.
• Malnutrition and Patient Safety Healthcare Policy The paper considers patient safety as the health care policy issue of high priority. Especially, it focuses on poor nutrition as the neglected aspect of patient safety.
• Patient Safety Culture and Its Elements Every patient expects to be safe inside a hospital. It is one of the core priorities of a health provider, to avoid all possible harm that can come to the patient.
• Teamwork and Improved Patient Safety Researches in the field of healthcare present new ideas and concepts for improving practice to the emerging needs of the identified patients.
• Patient Safety in Dental Hygiene This paper emphasizes the importance of patient safety in the field of dental hygiene and highlights the health risks associated with dental procedures.
• Threats to Patient Safety in Nursing Practice This paper identifies misdiagnosis/wrong medication prescription as the leading threats to patient safety in hospitals.
• Model of Nursing Care and Patient Safety Describe how the model of nursing care practiced in the workplace relates to the ANA Nursing Code of Ethics and patient safety.
• Patient Safety Culture in the Healthcare Workplace The issue ofsafety became so polarizing and crucial, patient safety measures became one of the focuses of every health care institution.
• Effects of Nurse Staffing Levels on Patient Safety Low levels of nursing are not strongly associated with the actual quality of care since the latter depends on nurses’ competence and nurse-patient communication.
• Patient Safety: Practice Change Project The concept of patient safety is a vital part of nursing that is, however, sometimes excluded from the staff’s discussions about organizational culture.
• The Relationship Between Understaffing of Nurses and Patient Safety in Hospitals The healthcare system should be in compliance with numerous factors of a different kind to provide proper adherence to treatment and medication for every individual.
• Nursing: Safety for a Heart Failure Patient This case study about patient safety presents clinical indicators, team interactions, and safety concepts for a heart failure patient.
• Nurses’ Work-Life Balance and Patient Safety The research problem is to reveal the connection between the work schedule of nurses and work/family balance, health, and patient safety.
• Patients Safety and Needs in Healthcare Environment Creating the environment in which patients’ needs can be identified and met successfully is essential in the ever-changing environment of global healthcare.
• Patient Safety Competency of Nursing Education The key KSA captured in Quality & Safety Education for Nurses safety includes the adoption of “national patient safety resources” in nursing practice.
• Nursing: Medication Errors and Patients’ Safety Nursing involves a variety of responsibilities, that are crucial to help patients heal. The paper analyzes medication errors and patients’ safety.
• Enhancing Patient Safety Through Health Care Standards A shared understanding of standards and practices eliminates prejudice, provides quality treatments for every patient, and makes the healthcare industry more transparent.
• NCSBN’s Role in Promoting Quality Nursing Care and Patient Safety Generally, the nursing sector is a sensitive area that requires proper oversight of the practices undertaken by different practitioners and agencies.
• Patient Safety and Clinical Handover Process Patient safety is one of the factors that hospitals aim to improve. In settings where the number of patients increases, the clinical handover process becomes an issue of quality.
• Patient Safety Culture and Related Practice Changes The paper aims to explain the concept of patient safety culture and the paradigm that can facilitate change in a healthcare environment when practice changes are necessary.
• Risk Management and Patient Safety: Health Services Management The Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act designates a voluntary reporting system to expand the available data to evaluate and address patient safety.
• Patient Safety Improvement After Sentinel Event The hospital must ensure the proper quality of medical equipment and supplies so that no errors occur due to equipment failures.
• Global Issues in Healthcare: Cultural Competence and Patient Safety Within the framework of domestic issues’ impact on US HCM, the supporting systems are affected to the greatest extent.
• Researching of Patient Safety and EPB System The paper investigated the importance of ensuring patient safety. It was found that the EBP system significantly helps doctors in this area.
• Bullying and Patient Safety in Clinical Settings Besides damaging the atmosphere in clinical settings and negatively affecting the personnel, bullying can lower the quality of healthcare services and harm patient safety.
• Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety are founded on the four competencies: leading teams, mutual support, situation monitoring, and communication.
• The Healthcare Workplace: Patient Safety Culture Healthcare safety culture influences both the patients and the doctors. Studies have shown that as doctors’ workplace safety culture improves, so does patient safety.
• Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety help with the improvement of teamwork behaviors, communications, and leadership.
• Improving Patient Safety in the Radiology Department of a Hospital Every profession in the radiology unit has a moral responsibility to ensure that patients are protected from radiation through justification, and limiting of the dose given.
• Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Evaluation The purpose of this paper is to discuss models that are applied in healthcare settings to improve the quality of care.
• Nursing Areas of Difficulty: Patient Safety and Expectations The main areas of difficulty in nursing are meeting patients’ expectations that mostly appear demanding and maintaining the safety of patients and staff.
• Patient Safety: Caring for the Public’s Health The safety of patients has been a global issue of concern especially for nurses as they work towards preventing the harm to be done to the patients receiving the treatment.
• Documentation, Emr, and Patient Safety Three major elements of the electronic medical record (EMR) include patient call log, prescription management system, and patient management.
• Medical Error and Patient Safety Medical error and patient safety are critical factors in clinical medicine since they play an important role in enhancing care delivery and patient outcomes.
• Healthcare: The Focus on Patient Safety The focus on patient safety in the hospital is to minimize harm. The hospital administrator should focus on the following guidelines.
• The Patient Safety Issues in Today’s Diverse Global Environment This paper thus evaluates various solutions that can be utilized in solving the patient safety issues in today’s diverse global environment.
• Championing Quality and Patient Safety Nursing officers (CNOs) need to be provided with an opportunity not only to play a key leadership role in closing the knowledge gaps.
• Patients’ Safety in the United States The following paper analyzes the concept of just culture in healthcare. John Reason pointed out that just culture is essential in the creation of an environment that enhances trust.
• Nurse Staffing Standards for Patient Safety This paper aims to research and provide an overview of The Nurse Staffing Standards for Patient Safety and Quality Care Act of 2017.
• An Approach to Studying Patient Safety by Stichler This article describes general ways to improve safety and leadership through design and leadership approaches in healthcare.
• How Health Informatics Impacts Patient Safety: Telemedicine and Virtual Visits Telemedicine and virtual visits are essential for patient comfort and can be implemented more efficiently than traditional hospital procedures.
• Patient Safety Incidents in the Home: Nursing Case The study dedicated to the examination of patient safety incidents in the home and their potential reasons is an appropriate first attempt to explore the area of home hospice nursing.
• How Health Informatics Impacts Patient Safety Telemedicine and online consultations are promising ways of developing healthcare, but it is a challenge due to the need to introduce anti-hacker technologies.
• Does Lean Management Improve Patient Safety Culture The principles of lean management and especially lean safety can be implemented in various industries and businesses.
• National Patient Safety Overview Patient safety has become a global concern in the past two decades. This is due to the rampant cases of medical errors that have led to deaths within the health service facilities.
• Nurse Empowerment, Self-Efficacy, and Patient Safety Nursing professionals’ vigilance at the bedside is essential to safeguard patient care and to detect medical errors such as incorrect medication orders.
• Nursing Research for Patients’ Safety and Health The article elaborates on the most significant aspects of nursing research to demonstrate its vital importance for patient safety and quality care.
• Implementation of a Patient Engagement Tool to Improve In-Clinic Safety of Diabetic Patients This paper will state the problem, present the PICOT question, and discuss the details of the project, demonstrating a feasible and important study that can improve practice.
• Health Informatics: Impacts on Patient Safety and Care Informatics is significant in any clinical setting because it provides an opportunity to code data so that it can be processed in different ways.
• National Patient Safety Goals: Critical Care Access Limited access to healthcare services has been on the agenda of the modern healthcare system for quite a long, warranting the status of critical concern.
• Nurse Staffing Standards for Hospital Patient Safety Nurse staffing is one of the burning issues in the US healthcare system that needs effective solutions and proper legislation.
• Patient Safety Promotion as Nursing Practice Issue The chosen topic is promoting patient safety within hospital set-ups. Nurses could play a central role in addressing this problem by promoting a culture of safety.
• Patient Safety Culture and Practice Change Frameworks Fostering a culture of patient safety can help to avoid errors in care provision, as well as the resulting adverse events.
• Effect of Transformational Leadership on Job Satisfaction and Patient Safety This paper will seek to investigate a decrease in customer service scores associated with staff courtesy, friendliness, and competence at the Care agency.
• Technology for Patient Safety: Change Proposal Patient safety is the core concept of healthcare. The rising use of technology can be explained by healthcare establishments’ need to provide patients with a more safe environment.
• Medication Errors: Patient Safety Concern in Nursing Medication errors are a widespread patient safety issue: in fact, it is the most common medical error, which illustrates its significance for nursing practice.
• Clinical Decision Support System for Patient Safety Patient safety is the key priority of all health care professionals since no mistakes are allowed in this area.
• Medication Administration Errors and Patient Safety Risks The studying medication administration errors (MAE) have been highlighted by many researchers, as it is recognized that such errors occur across countries and medical facilities.
• Patient Safety and Nurse Working Conditions The report by the Committee on the Work Environment for Nurses and Patient Safety proposes the importance of nurse working conditions as a premise for patient safety.
• Patient Safety and Healthcare Quality The following paper provides an overview of possible applications of a transformation process to the practice of home health care.
• Hospital Risk Management and Patient Safety Governance in hospital risk management entails the commitment of the healthcare providers in carrying out their professional responsibilities in caring for the patient.
• Patient Safety Standards and Medication Errors Policy A just and trusted healthcare culture is a win-win situation, with benefits for both care professionals and patients.
• Medical Errors Minimization for Patient Safety The selected peer-reviewed article is the qualitative research study devoted to the investigation of patient safety and methods aimed to minimize medical error.
• Medical Errors as a Threat to Patient Safety Patient safety is one of the key goals assigned a top priority by healthcare. However, medical errors and adverse events remain and threaten patients.
• Nursing’s Informatics and Patient Safety The paper explains how the development of information technology has helped address the concerns about patient safety raised in the “To Err Is Human” report.
• Medical Errors, Economic Effect and Patient Safety In order to improve the quality of care, it is necessary to consider the potential role of medical errors in the context of patient safety.
• Alzheimer’s Patient Safety Improvement Strategies The paper analyzes strategies used by family members to support their patients with Alzheimer’s disease and presents essential tips that can improve safety for patients.
• Patient-Oriented Care and Safety in Healthcare Family support during a patient’s stay at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), hospital visitation, and extended staff services enhance the quick recovery of patients.
• Patient Safety in the Delivery of Nursing Services Due to the alarming rates of cases associated with patient safety in the delivery of nursing services, conducting a study on the elements that trigger the trend is essential.
• Patient Safety and Risk Management Plan Development Patient safety plays a paramount role in healthcare as it defines the quality of services, prescribed medication, relationships between a nurse and a patient, nutrition, and so on.
• Patient Safety as Nursing Core Competency The paper observes the nurse of the future nursing core competency topic of safety based on the findings from the class textbook and a scholarly article by Steven et al.
• How Hospital Leaders Contribute to Patient Safety Through the Development of Trust
• Patient Safety and the Widespread Use of Herbs and Supplements
• California Nurse Patient Ratios in Patient Safety
• Quality Work Environments for Nurse and Patient Safety
• Infection Control Compliance and Patient Safety
• Eight-Hour Versus Twelve-Hour Shifts: Effects on Patient Safety
• Defining Patient Safety and Quality Care
• Patient Safety and Quality: Supporting Family Caregivers in Providing Care
• Identifying Risks and Errors to Ensure Patient Safety
• Systems Change for Quality Improvement of Patient Safety
• Medical Laboratory Scientist’s Role in Patient Safety
• Changing the Narratives for Patient Safety
• Patient Autonomy, Patient Safety, and Risk
• Evaluating Patient Safety Competency in Nursing
• Differences and Similarities Between Risk Management and Patient Safety
• Improving Patient Safety Through Provider Communication Strategy Enhancements
• Patient Safety and Keeping Standardized Medical Procedures
• Clinical Governance and Patient Safety
• Relationship Between Leadership and Patient Safety
• The Controversy Facing Patient Safety in the U.S
• Problems With Patient Safety Goals
• Health Literacy and Its Effect on Patient Safety
• Patient Safety: Delivering Cost-Contained, High Quality, Person-Centered, and Safe Healthcare
• Cost Containment, Better Quality of Care, and Patient Safety
• Effective Leadership and Patient Safety Culture
• Improving Health Care Quality and Patient Safety in an Acute Care Setting
• Clinical Trials and Patient Safety
• Patient Safety and Medication Administration in Nursing
• How Language Barriers Affect Patient Safety
• Systems, Processes, Education, and Training: Help for Nurses to Promote Patient Safety
• Quality and Patient Safety in Healthcare Strategic Planning
• Positive and Effective Use of Restraints for Patient Safety
• Team Performance: Improve Patient Safety and Quality
• Elderly Patient Safety Through the Prevention of Falls
• Patient Safety and Satisfaction in Light of Nursing Rounds
• Medical Errors and the Patient Safety Movement
• Patient Safety Culture, Evidence-Based Practice and Performance in Nursing
• Communication, Interdisciplinary Communication, and Patient Safety
• Human Factors and Patient Safety
• Patient Safety and High-Quality Care Within the Health Care Team
• National Patient Safety Goals and Quality Indicators on Suicide
• Electronic Medication Administration Record and Patient Safety
• Patient Safety: Hospital Inpatient Falls
• The Common Adverse Events That Jeopardize Patient Safety
• Strategies for Patient Safety in Drug Administration
• Computerized Provider Order Entry and Patient Safety
• Nursing Shortage and Maintain Patient Safety
• Patient Safety Goals for Qualified Medical Professionals
• How Leadership Styles Can Help Promote Patient Safety
• Effective Communication and Patient Safety

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These essay examples and topics on Patient Safety were carefully selected by the StudyCorgi editorial team. They meet our highest standards in terms of grammar, punctuation, style, and fact accuracy. Please ensure you properly reference the materials if you’re using them to write your assignment.

This essay topic collection was updated on January 8, 2024 .

Medication Administration and Patient Safety Essay

Introduction, medication errors, medication labeling policy.

Medication administration is highly important for the patients’ safety. It was estimated that medication errors are the most common type of mistakes in the healthcare system (Nanji, Vernest, Sims, & Levine, 2015). One of the reasons for such errors occurring in the wrong procedure of medication labeling (Mishra, 2014). To improve this situation, national standards for medication labeling were developed and introduced into the practice (The Joint Comission, 2015). Thus, drug labeling is the policy of medications, solutions, and container labeling which might lead to reducing the rate of medication errors in the nurse’s practice.

The quality and safety of medical care, among other issues, highly depends on the accuracy of healthcare workers. Medication errors are commonly spread type of human-factor medical mistakes. According to “About medication errors” (2017), this type of error could be defined as “any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm while the medication is in the control of the health care professional, patient, or consumer” (para. 2). Frequently, nurses are considered to be responsible for these errors because medication preparation is a part of their duties (Smeulers, Onderwater, Zwieten, & Vermeulen, 2014).

The most frequent medication errors are mistakes with drug name, concentration, and time of its injection. A nurse should be especially attentive and careful in a case if medication preparation (drug dissolving with the appropriate solvent to the appropriate concentration), according to a physician prescription, is required (Smeulers et al., 2014). One of the possible reasons for errors during drags preparation and injection is wrong medication labeling or label absence (Mishra, 2014). Thus, medication labeling policy is a possible solution to improve the situation and to reduce the rate of errors.

National patient safety goals were established by the Joint Commission (2015). The third goal was dedicated to medication safety, in particular, to the medication labeling procedure. According to the standards, all medications, prepared solutions, and their containers (syringes, basins, and others) should be labeled immediately after transferring from the original package and/or preparation. The label should include the medication name, concentration, and expiration date and time. All the unlabeled medications should be discarded (The Joint Commission, 2015). This policy directly affected the nurse’s work because medication preparation and administration are parts of nurses’ duties.

It could be stated that this policy might reduce the frequency of medication errors. The clear standard procedure of labeling might be helpful in the nurses’ services quality improvement. However, another important issue should be considered. According to the standards, the procedure of labeling should be performed immediately. This procedure requires time and might decelerate a nurse’s work, which can be crucial in the case of an emergency. Therefore, it is essential to develop and introduce into practice the fast and efficient protocol of medication labeling (Nanji et al., 2015).

It could be concluded that medication errors are the most common in the healthcare system. Occasionally, these errors could lead to serious consequences for the patient’s health. The wrong procedure of drug labeling could be named as one of the reasons for these mistakes. Nurses are often considered to be responsible for medication errors because drug preparation is their direct duty. Therefore, to improve the quality and safety of nurses’ service, the standard procedure of drug labeling was developed. Medication labeling policy might be helpful to reduce the rate of errors. However, further improvement of the procedure efficiency should be provided.

About medication errors (2017). Web.

Mishra, S. (2014). Diversity in prescription and medication errors. International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Science , 4 (4), 39-45.

Nanji, K. C., Vernest, K. A., Sims, N. M., & Levine, W. D. (2015). Bar code-assisted medication labeling: A novel system to improve efficiency and patient safety. International Journal of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, 1 (1), 1-6.

Smeulers, M., Onderwater, A. T., Zwieten, M. C., & Vermeulen, H. (2014). Nurses’ experiences and perspectives on medication safety practices: an explorative qualitative study. Journal of nursing management , 22 (3), 276-285.

The Joint Commission. (2015). National patient safety goals effective . Web.

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